Articles tagged with Gene Expression
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers have identified the LY86 gene as a key contributor to obesity, finding high methylation levels associated with increased inflammation and insulin resistance. This association held up across various populations, suggesting a potential link between environmental factors and genetic expression.
Researchers unveil public domain DNA sequences and statistical models to engineer microbes with precision, increasing reliability and accuracy. This technological foundation enables more precise genetic engineering in the future.
Researchers have developed a novel therapeutic approach to treat deafness and balance impairment by injecting mice with an antisense oligonucleotide that targets a specific gene mutation. The treatment, which was tested on mice engineered to model human Usher syndrome, successfully rescues hearing and cures balance problems.
A new therapy called an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) has been developed by researchers at LSU Health Sciences Center, which partially corrects gene and protein expression and rescues hearing and balance in a mouse model of Usher syndrome. This breakthrough suggests the potential for treating deafness and balance disorders.
Researchers developed a new gene therapy approach called exon skipping, which bypasses disease-causing mutations in genes to restore normal expression and protein production. This strategy has shown promising results in treating muscular dystrophy, with improved muscle force and increased body weight and muscle mass.
A study on heat-resistant corals reveals how they withstand extreme temperatures, potentially holding key to species survival for organisms worldwide. The research identified a genetic process allowing some corals to resist climate change, with 'frontloaded' genes already turned on before stress begins.
A University of Missouri study failed to replicate previous research on the toxic effects of BPA and genistein, two chemicals that have been linked to obesity and type 2 diabetes in humans. The findings suggest that the chemicals may not have the same adverse effects as previously reported, highlighting the need for more reliable data ...
A recent study by Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology has led to the redefinition of hormone-sensitive breast tumours, improving diagnosis and treatment outcomes. Gene expression analysis revealed discrepancies between histopathological data and molecular profiles, prompting a new definition that incorporates progesterone receptor levels.
Researchers found that microRNA-26a suppresses melanoma cell growth while leaving healthy cells unharmed. Reintroducing microRNA-26a to melanoma cell lines led to a marked decrease in cancer cell survival, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target for melanoma treatment.
A Mayo Clinic study found that high levels of BubR1 preserve genomic integrity and reduce age-related disease in mice. The research suggests controlling levels of this regulator could extend healthy life span.
A new study on mice suggests that common anesthetic agents like Nitrous Oxide and isoflurane can cause neuronal cell death and changes in gene expression in developing brains. The findings have implications for the use of anesthesia during pregnancy and childbirth.
Researchers found that microRNA-218 is low in medulloblastoma patients and its addition stops disease occurrence. The microRNA also affects genes involved in tumor growth and migration, offering potential targets for therapy.
Researchers found that the development of hands and feet occurred through the gain of new DNA elements activating specific genes. This discovery helps understand the power of gene expression in shaping bodies and may shed light on genetic diseases associated with limb formation.
Two papers connect long non-coding RNAs to inherited conditions in humans, revealing a chromosomal translocation disrupting expression of PTHLH and SOX9 genes. A lncRNA on chromosome 12 is also linked to the development of the placenta.
Advaita Corporation, a startup based on Wayne State University tech, received $125,000 from the Michigan Emerging Technologies Fund program. Its Pathway-Guide software solution provides cutting-edge gene pathway analysis technology for researchers.
Researchers have shown how living organisms evolve new functions from limited genes by duplicating and mutating existing genes. The 'innovation, amplification and divergence' model explains how a newly duplicated gene sticks around long enough to pick up a useful new function.
Researchers have discovered a genetic structure that makes soybeans resistant to a devastating disease, and it's not just one gene but three neighboring genes working together. The unique structure of these genes, which are duplicated multiple times, is the key to their effectiveness.
A Simon Fraser University physicist has discovered a link between variable methylation in DNA and various attributes such as age, gender, stress, and socioeconomic status. The study found that childhood poverty left a detectable molecular mark on an individual's DNA, which correlated with gene expression.
A study by Emmanouil Dermitzakis and colleagues found that genetic variants impact gene expression differently in men and women. The researchers discovered that even with the same DNA mutation, the effect on gene expression varies between sexes.
The study reveals that human brains are more similar than different, with the same basic molecular blueprint across individuals. Key findings include regional similarity in biochemistry, homogeneous cortex structure, and widespread gene expression across brain areas.
Researchers designed molecular beacons that bind to mRNA of three genes expressed only when stem cells transform into bone cells, allowing for real-time monitoring of gene expression. The technology provides a tool for discovering optimal conditions for stem cell differentiation and identifying desired tissue cells.
Researchers developed an emotion detector using a genetic algorithm that recognizes six human emotions and neutral expression. The system analyzes upper and lower lip shapes to improve interaction between humans and computers.
Researchers at North Carolina State University found that BPA exposure early in life causes significant gene expression changes associated with anxiety. A soy-rich diet was shown to mitigate these effects in rats, suggesting a potential protective role for soy in reducing the impact of BPA on mental health.
Researchers found that wallabies regulate growth of their young by selectively imprinted insulin gene, similar to human placenta. Insulin expression in mammary gland increases after birth, indicating critical role for genomic imprinting in post-natal growth.
Researchers have successfully engineered a soil bacterium to produce isobutanol, a renewable fuel source that can be used in current engines with minimal modification. The microbe, Ralstonia eutropha, was modified to use carbon dioxide as its carbon source, paving the way for potential applications in industrial-scale production.
Researchers found that 2,3-pentanedione, a butter flavoring in microwave popcorn, causes respiratory toxicity and alters gene expression in the brain of rats. Acute exposure has airway epithelium damage similar to diacetyl, which caused bronchiolitis obliterans in workers.
Scientists have discovered a method to harness hydrogen peroxide's oxidizing property to switch on gene expression in live mammalian cells. The researchers designed a molecule that reacts with hydrogen peroxide and expresses the firefly luciferase gene, causing cells to glow.
A new study led by Carnegie Mellon University found that mindfulness meditation training decreases loneliness in older adults. The research also showed that the training lowered inflammation levels and altered gene expression, suggesting a promising approach for reducing disease risk in older adults.
A new genomic sequencing method called Smart-Seq has enabled the in-depth analysis of clinically relevant single cells. This breakthrough has significant implications for cancer research, allowing scientists to better understand tumor development and identify potential diagnostic markers.
A new gene therapy approach has been developed to deliver full-length versions of large genes, improving skeletal muscle function in patients with genetic disorders like dysferlinopathies. The strategy may hold new hope for treating limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B and other muscular dystrophies.
Exposure to environmental chemicals like PCBs in the womb causes long-term changes to the developing brain, leading to delayed puberty and disrupted reproductive cycles. The study identified five genes critical to normal hypothalamic control of reproduction, providing a potential target for interventions.
A new gene expression test can accurately classify thyroid nodules as low-risk, allowing for the avoidance of unnecessary surgeries and lifelong hormone replacement treatment. The test demonstrated a 92% correct identification rate and 85-95% negative predictive value, ruling out malignancy.
Gene therapy successfully replaces protein missing in Pompe disease when targeting liver cells, reducing immune system reaction. Combining liver-expressing vector with ubiquitously expressing vector boosts overall effectiveness of the treatment.
Researchers developed a single-dose vaccine that produces an antibody capable of binding to cocaine, preventing its entry into the brain. The vaccinated mice showed no effects from intravenous cocaine exposure, highlighting a potential novel approach to treating cocaine addiction.
A recent study found that gestational exposure to BPA leads to behavioral changes in mice for four generations, including increased anxiety and aggression. The study suggests that BPA exposure could have long-lasting impacts on human behavior if it generalizes to humans.
University of Minnesota public health researchers found two high-signal genetic markers correlated with coronary artery disease, which may help define genetic fingerprints for increased risk. The study analyzed data from over 75,000 patients and offers biological and clinical data supporting future research into the genetic markers.
Researchers have identified a new method for picking the 'right' egg in IVF by analyzing genes expressed in cumulus cells surrounding the eggs. This non-invasive approach may help avoid abnormal eggs with incorrect chromosomal make-up, increasing the chances of successful IVF cycles.
Scientists at Oregon State University have discovered that curcumin can increase levels of a protein that helps prevent infection, highlighting its potential as an alternative to vitamin D. The study found curcumin causes a modest but measurable increase in cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) levels.
A new study found that breast-fed babies have a more diverse bacterial colonization than formula-fed babies, leading to changes in the expression of genes involved in their immune system. The study also showed a link between the expression of genes in the bacteria and genes of the immune system in the baby.
Researchers found that epigenetic mechanisms, such as reduced DNA methylation, contribute to high blood pressure and increased susceptibility to forming blood clots in pregnant women with preeclampsia. Inhibition of thromboxane synthase or dietary supplementation with folate may provide potential treatments for this condition.
A study shows a botanical formula significantly suppresses tumor growth in aggressive human prostate cancer cells, demonstrating its safety and effectiveness. The formula inhibits several genes related to cancer proliferation and increases the expression of cancer-fighting genes.
The new IT application BootstRatio, developed by IDIBELL researchers, allows online statistical analysis of gene-expression data. It uses resampling techniques to generate a hypothetical distribution and provides comprehensible results for scientists.
A study published in the American Chemical Society found that capsaicinoids, a compound in chili peppers, can lower cholesterol levels and increase blood flow to the heart. The compounds may also reduce the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in blood vessels.
Researchers at Linköping University discovered epigenetic factors driving rapid changes in genome function, leading to diverse breeds of domestic fowl. The study found that domestication resulted in heritable epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, which may explain the swift evolution of domesticated chickens.
Researchers at the Salk Institute found that certain proteins, called extremely long-lived proteins (ELLPs), last a lifetime without being replaced. Damage to these proteins weakens the ability of transport channels to safeguard the cell's nucleus from toxins, leading to cellular aging.
A recent study on male and female mice has identified hormone-controlled genes in the brain as the key drivers of sex-specific behaviors, including mating and parental care. The research found that these genes can be individually manipulated to alter behavior, suggesting a modular control of sex-specific traits.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that circular RNA molecules are more abundant than previously thought, comprising a substantial fraction of all transcripts identified for many genes. This discovery opens up new avenues for research into the potential functions and relevance of circular RNAs in human biology and health.
A research group at Brown University has sequenced the entire transcriptome of the mouse neural retina, finding that disease genes are disproportionately highly expressed and have unique sequences. This study provides new insights into the genetic nature of neural diseases.
A blood-based gene expression test was found to be more effective than myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) in ruling out obstructive coronary artery disease in stable symptomatic patients. The test demonstrated high sensitivity and negative predictive value, enabling clinicians to rule out patients with high accuracy.
Researchers chart gene expression in human brain from fetal development to aging, revealing coordinated changes that shape brain structure and function. The study found reversible gene expression changes after birth and during Alzheimer's disease, with distinct patterns of change at different life stages.
Researchers developed a novel bipartite gene therapy approach to temporarily preserve photoreceptors in a mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa. The treatment targets defective phosphodiesterase metabolism, reducing cGMP and Ca2+ levels, and showing promise for treating this genetic disorder.
Researchers identified a gene expression profile that can predict prognosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The study found two subgroups of patients, one with mild disease and the other with treatment-nonresponsive disease, which will help physicians identify those who need aggressive therapies.
Researchers have discovered a method to visualize gene number and protein expression in individual cells, potentially leading to clearer understandings of cancer and complex diseases. The fluorescent in situ gene protein assay combines FISH and in situ proximity ligation to resolve individual protein molecules.
Research finds children with autism and GI disturbances have changed genes involved in digestion, altering intestinal bacteria. These changes may contribute to behavioral disturbances in some cases.
A study published in Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry found that pure maple syrup improved liver function tests in rats fed a diet with 20% pure maple syrup compared to a control group. The results suggest that maple syrup's polyphenolic antioxidants may help regulate glucose metabolism and reduce liver enzyme levels.
A team of researchers evaluated the effect of low-power Terahertz radiation on mouse stem cells, finding temperature increases were minimal and heat shock protein expression was unaffected. However, certain genes showed clear effects from THz irradiation, suggesting further investigations are needed to generalize findings.
Researchers found that the circadian cycle, regulating day-night rhythms, drives gene expression in mussels more than previously thought. The tidal cycle's influence was less significant, with 80-90% of genes showing rhythmic expression linked to the circadian cycle.
Researchers found that photoreceptor cells in the retina had a defective phagocytosis process, leading to decreased rod and cone renewal. This discovery could lead to therapeutic agents for blinding diseases related to retinal cell renewal.
A recent study used genomics to unravel the immune response to the flu virus, finding significant and complex differences between those who got sick and those who remained asymptomatic. The research may lead to new therapies to prevent illness by detecting early warning signs of infection.
A new study published in The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics has demonstrated the feasibility of focused fetal gene expression analysis of target genes found in amniotic fluid. The analysis could be used to monitor fetal development and determine whether fetal organ systems are developing normally.