Articles tagged with Intellectual Disabilities
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Primary care physicians spend an average of 355 minutes (5.9 hours) per day in the EHR, including 269 minutes during clinic hours and 86 minutes after hours. This excessive time spent on clerical tasks can lead to burnout and decreased productivity. The study suggests that solutions like proactive planned care, team-based care, and sha...
Researchers identify FMR1 and ZC3H14 as friend genes, regulating messenger RNA in neurons, affecting learning and memory. Mutant flies and mice display impaired working memory and altered brain development.
A study of 179,007 children found no association between antidepressant medication use and intellectual disability when other factors were considered. The researchers estimated a relative risk but it became statistically insignificant after adjusting for parental age and underlying psychiatric disorder.
A new disease gene, MCM3AP, has been identified as causing early-onset axonal neuropathy and mild intellectual disability in multiple families worldwide. The gene was discovered using a global genetic matching platform, connecting patients and researchers from Finland to countries like Australia, Canada, Turkey, and Belgium.
Researchers found that a protein called HUWE1 helps balance nerve cell communication, which is essential for preventing intellectual disability. The study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying intellectual disability and could lead to potential treatments.
A study identified 26 new genes linked to intellectual disability, significantly affecting patients' health and lifespan. The research adds to the growing knowledge of brain development and functioning, potentially leading to personalized treatments for affected individuals.
Increased physical activity for residents with intellectual disabilities is crucial due to rising obesity rates and chronic conditions. A study found that policy-level change in the group home setting is needed to promote active lifestyles.
A five-year study has identified 30 inherited genes linked to intellectual disability, a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting 213 million worldwide. The discovery could lead to DNA screenings and personalized therapeutic protocols to improve intellectual function.
Scientists discover gene BCL11A responsible for a new intellectual disability syndrome, which affects brain development and function. The study reveals that two healthy copies of the gene are necessary for normal brain cell development.
Researchers in Madrid are working on a three-year project to improve laws regarding disability, focusing on universal design and accessibility. They aim to integrate all stakeholders and create new specialists in disability support, while analyzing existing regulations and proposals to develop alternative frameworks.
Researchers found a link between maternal immune dysfunction during pregnancy and autism combined with intellectual disability. The study identified distinct immune profiles for mothers of children with both conditions, as well as those with intellectual disability without autism.
A meta-analysis of 39 studies found that one in ten youths treated with an antipsychotic have autism spectrum disorder or intellectual disability. The study suggests that more youths with autism or intellectual disability have received antipsychotics, raising concerns over their efficacy and potential side effects.
The study reveals that mutations in the enzyme DHHC9 lead to reduced neuron growth, branching, and excitability, while affecting inhibitory synapse formation. This understanding can help identify novel therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases.
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that genome-wide sequencing can diagnose genetic conditions leading to intellectual disability, enabling targeted treatments. Researchers discovered new disease genes and described physical traits associated with known diseases, offering hope for personalized medicine.
A research group led by Junko Kanoh found that the Shugoshin protein binds with subtelomeres and maintains proper gene expression. This discovery may lead to a better understanding of mechanisms behind abnormal telomere structure and its relation to multiple malformations and mental retardation.
A Concordia researcher collaborated with individuals with intellectual disabilities to create personal video testimonials using iPads, showcasing their capabilities and successes. The study highlights the empowering potential of mobile technologies in promoting autonomy and inclusion.
A geneticist has used powerful internet and social media tools to find doctors and researchers worldwide to confirm a new X-linked intellectual disability syndrome in young boys. The syndrome is characterized by severe developmental delays, facial malformations, and generalized hypotonia, with 14 cases involving 11 unrelated families.
Clinical geneticists have identified two genes, MAPRE2 and TUBB, linked to circumferential skin creases Kunze type and associated intellectual disability. The syndrome is extremely rare, affecting less than a dozen cases worldwide.
Researchers found that treatment with Lovastatin can correct high levels of protein production in the brain linked to intellectual disabilities and autism spectrum disorders. The study suggests that different types of intellectual disabilities may share common disease mechanisms, which could benefit from common therapeutic approaches.
A study published by The BMJ reveals that over 70% of antipsychotic prescriptions are given to those without recorded mental illness, instead used for managing challenging behavior. Researchers call for changes in prescribing practices and more evidence on drug safety in intellectual disability populations.
A new UCL study found that over one-quarter of people with intellectual disabilities in the UK are being inappropriately prescribed antipsychotic drugs. Behaviour problems not due to mental illness were often treated with these medications.
A study analyzing special education data found that autism diagnoses increased, but so did reclassifications of intellectual disability cases. Researchers believe this shift may be attributed to the variability of autism and its overlap with other related disorders.
Scientists have discovered a mutated gene, JMJD1C, responsible for cases of unknown origin intellectual disability and autism. The study analyzed the genome of 215 patients with these conditions and found that this gene contributes to Rett syndrome.
Researchers at VIB have identified a promising target pathway for treating fragile X syndrome and autism. By targeting the APP-ADAM10 pathway, scientists may be able to ameliorate deficits associated with these conditions. The study's findings open new avenues for developing non-toxic therapeutic agents.
A study combining clinical assessment, genomic analysis, and electroencephalography identified specific gene combinations in autistic patients that distinguished them from those with intellectual disabilities. This integrated approach provides new prospects for diagnosis and understanding of autism's physiological mechanisms.
Researchers at WashU Medicine have identified a potential target for treatments for fragile X carriers, who can experience social deficits and milder versions of cognitive and behavioral disorders. A potential way to boost levels of the key brain protein could lead to symptom easing for carriers.
A new study finds that children with mild levels of intellectual disability can recall and provide accurate descriptions of maltreatment experiences. Children with more severe intellectual disabilities can also provide useful information but face challenges in recalling events.
Researchers have discovered seven new genes associated with X-linked intellectual disability, a condition that affects mostly men. The study used genetic analysis to identify mutations on the X chromosome as the cause of the disorder, which has highly variable clinical manifestations.
Researchers produced method protecting animal models from Syngap1 gene mutation effects, disrupting memory and anxiety levels. Early developmental period critical for treatment of psychiatric disorders caused by damaging Syngap1 mutations.
Researchers have discovered a unique case of fragile X syndrome with only two classic symptoms, allowing them to identify a previously unknown function of the gene. The study suggests that drugs recently tested as treatments for fragile X may be ineffective due to overactive transmitters.
Researchers are developing new tests to track changes in cognitive functioning of people with intellectual disabilities, including those with Fragile X and Down syndromes. The tests will assess processing speed, memory, attention, and language skills.
Researchers have successfully treated a genetic form of intellectual disability in mice using an anticancer drug, suggesting a potential new approach for the human condition. The study's findings indicate that altering the balance between chromatin's open and closed states could be key to treating Mendelian disorders of the epigenetic ...
The report shows an almost doubling of dementia in people with Down syndrome and significantly reduced rates of heart attack and hypertension. People with ID experience unique health challenges, including poor bone health and low physical activity levels.
A new study doubles the number of documented Christianson Syndrome cases and proposes the first diagnostic criteria for the condition. The criteria include symptoms such as intellectual disability, epilepsy, and hyperactivity, and are based on genetic analysis that reveals distinct mutations in the SLC9A6 gene.
Research reveals how mutated OPHN1 protein disrupts AMPA receptor trafficking and synaptic plasticity, contributing to X-linked intellectual disability. The study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying this condition.
Researchers will analyze genetic information from 10,000 UK families affected by intellectual disability, focusing on behavioral adjustments and medical history. The study aims to provide comprehensive genetic knowledge to help manage childhood behaviors and prevent poor mental outcomes in adulthood.
A pioneering study by Southern Methodist University researchers found that students with low IQs can learn to read at a first-grade level after four years of specialized instruction. The study's results demonstrate the potential of scientifically-based reading programs for students with intellectual disabilities or low IQs.
A study published in Molecular Psychiatry found that malfunctions in five genes - AUTS2, CDH8, MECP2, HUWE1, and TRAPPC9 - contribute to pathology in schizophrenia, autism, and intellectual disability. These genes play a crucial role in epigenetic regulation of transcription and may be essential for normal brain development.
A recent study finds that older mothers are at higher risk of having a child with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD), particularly when combined with intellectual disability. The risk is lower for fathers, who experience a more gradual increase in ASD risk as their age advances.
Two new genes, FBXO31 and METTL23, have been identified as contributors to intellectual disability. The studies provide insights into the genetic factors underlying this complex condition.
Research from the University of Adelaide has confirmed that gene USP9X is crucial for early human brain development and intellectual disability. Mutations in this gene disrupt normal brain cell functioning, leading to disorders such as epilepsy and autism.
Researchers found a strong correlation between genital malformations in newborn males and increased rates of autism and intellectual disability. County-level analysis revealed that every one percent increase in malformations was associated with a 283% increase in autism rates.
A systematic review found that non-specialist providers can deliver effective treatments for children with intellectual disabilities or lower-functioning autism spectrum disorders. The studies showed improvements in developmental, behavioral, and family outcomes with various psychosocial interventions.
Researchers have identified a genetic mutation leading to a reduction in proteins in the brain, causing intellectual disability. The study highlights the importance of unraveling the causes of these conditions, with potential implications for up to 3% of the population affected.
Scientists at UNIST have identified a common mechanism in Fragile X and Down syndrome that regulates dendritic spine morphogenesis and synaptic efficacy. This discovery provides an important stepping stone in understanding the multiple roles of DSCR1 in neurons and identifying potential therapeutic targets for intellectual disabilities.
Researchers identified key function of CYFP1 at synapses, orchestrating two biological processes to regulate brain cell connections. Poorly developed and dysfunctional synapses are linked to conditions like autism, schizophrenia, and intellectual disabilities.
A Swedish study of over 2.5 million children found a small, statistically significant increased risk of mental retardation after in vitro fertilization (IVF), but no association with autistic disorder. The study suggests that further research is needed to understand the long-term implications of IVF.
Researchers found that IVF treatments for severe male infertility are associated with a small increased risk of intellectual disability (18%) but not autism. ICSI procedures, particularly those involving surgically extracted sperm and fresh embryos, carry a higher risk of intellectual disability and autism.
Research finds that low birth weight contributes to approximately 10-15% of later intellectual disability cases. Medical interventions, such as intensive care technologies, may increase ID prevalence, contrary to previous therapies like newborn screening.
A large Australian family's genetic mystery has been solved, revealing the cause of their rare intellectual disability as altered protein regulation. The study found that a specific gene and its regulation played a key role in triggering the disability, which affects only male family members.
A recent study published in The Lancet found that up to 55% of cases of severe intellectual disability are caused by new, non-inherited genetic mutations. This discovery suggests a low risk of passing on the disorder to further children and highlights the potential for whole-genome sequencing as a diagnostic tool.
STX209 treatment corrects core aspects of FXS pathophysiology, improving social function in patients. The drug has the potential to significantly improve lives of patients with fragile X syndrome and may also have a positive effect on autism spectrum disorders.
Research by VIB/KU Leuven scientists identifies HUWE1 as the culprit behind intellectual disability in some patients, a condition affecting approximately 15% of cases. The study's findings open up possibilities for detecting and treating X-linked intellectual disabilities through targeted tests and further research.
Researchers have identified a shared signalling pathway in mice that leads to intellectual disability in both Fragile X syndrome and Down syndrome. The study reveals that the Down syndrome critical region 1 protein interacts with the Fragile X mental retardation protein to regulate dendritic spine formation.
Researchers found PHF21A gene mutated in patients with Potocki-Shaffer syndrome, leading to malformations and intellectual disability. The gene plays a crucial role in neuron survival, and its suppression can lead to brain cell death.
Researchers at CAMH discovered a new form of intellectual disability linked to the NSUN2 gene mutation, affecting cognitive development and neuron functioning. The study found that this recessive disorder requires inheriting two defective genes from parents to develop intellectual disability.
A Swedish register study reveals that children born to certain immigrant groups have an increased risk of developing autism with intellectual disability. The study suggests that environmental factors may contribute to the development of autism, particularly for children whose mothers migrated just before or during pregnancy.
William C. Mobley, chair of UC San Diego's Department of Neurosciences, received the International Sisley-Jérôme Lejeune Prize for his innovative research on treatments for neurological disabilities, including Down syndrome. The prize acknowledges his contributions to advancing care and management of intellectual disabilities.
Research published in the Journal of Medical Genetics found that faulty intellectual disability genes are largely paternal in origin and more common in children born to older fathers. The study analyzed rare copy number variations (CNVs) in over 3,500 people with intellectual disabilities.
Researchers at Cruces Hospital describe a new syndrome of limited family intellectual disability caused by the duplication of the RPS6KA3 gene. This discovery highlights the importance of genetic research in understanding rare conditions, particularly those with limited intellectual impairment.