Articles tagged with Neurology
Research finds that age-related DNA methylation of TDP-43 contributes to ALS, with increased gene expression levels in the motor cortex. This discovery may provide a new therapeutic approach for the disease.
A new study led by UCSF indicates that depression in early adulthood can increase the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia. The research found that moderate or high depressive symptoms were associated with a 73% higher odds of cognitive impairment among older participants.
Research by James Krause and his team has shown that people with spinal cord injuries who develop resilience tend to have better health outcomes and live longer. This resilience allows them to adapt and thrive in the face of difficult circumstances, including neuropathic pain and feelings of isolation.
A study published in Neurology Clinical Practice found that adults with neurologic conditions are more likely to have had adverse childhood experiences such as abuse or neglect. The study suggests that early recognition of these high adverse childhood experiences may improve health outcomes for individuals with neurologic conditions.
Researchers at Tokyo University of Science discover that vicarious social defeat can cause psychological stress in mice, leading to depression and decreased neurogenesis. The study sheds light on the pathophysiology of depression and may lead to the development of novel antidepressants.
Researchers used mice to demonstrate that acquired knowledge is stored in early visual areas of the brain, highlighting the widespread storage of semantic memories. The study showed that part of category knowledge is already present in the visual cortex.
Brain activity during wakefulness presents large integrated and dynamic network modules, which tend to vanish or fragment during sleep or under general anesthesia. The researchers built artificial time-evolving networks to test and benchmark algorithms for detecting these structures.
Scientists discovered that recurrent neural networks (RNNs) play a crucial role in the frontal cortex, responsible for decision-making, expressive language, and voluntary movement. The research also found that RNNs are more complex than previously thought, with a unidirectional structure.
A phase II clinical trial found that intensive rehabilitation of arm and hand use after a stroke is most effective 60 to 90 days after the event. The study showed significant improvement in hand and arm function, with benefits also seen when rehabilitation started at less than 30 days post-stroke.
A new study published in PLOS ONE found that children born with congenital Zika Virus-related microcephaly have varying levels of neurodevelopmental impairment. The researchers used a routine neurological assessment to track the children's development, revealing differences in cognitive and motor skills. The findings suggest that HINE ...
Researchers have identified a molecule called fractalkine that can boost the production of brain cells producing myelin, a key factor in diseases such as multiple sclerosis. The study's findings suggest that fractalkine could be used to treat certain neurodegenerative disorders by restoring lost myelin.
A randomized clinical trial of 125 young adults with concussions found that restricting screen time for 48 hours significantly reduced symptom duration. The study, published in JAMA Pediatrics, suggests that limiting screen time may be a useful strategy to accelerate concussion recovery.
A recent Austrian study found that approximately 7.8% of Austrians between the ages of 18 and 67 suffer from chronic insomnia, with symptoms affecting around 50% of respondents. The low rate of help-seeking behavior highlights a need for better public health initiatives and patient education to address this widespread issue.
A study by Anglia Ruskin University found that weaker internal connections between the brain and organs are linked to negative body image. Adults with less efficient brains at detecting internal messages are more likely to experience body shame and weight preoccupation.
A new study led by UC researcher Daniel Woo found high blood pressure to be a significant risk factor for strokes in Black and Hispanic patients. The study also identified sleep apnea as a novel risk factor for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) strokes, which are often deadly and cause high disability.
A preclinical trial has found that boosting a naturally occurring protein family may reduce damage from ischemic strokes. The study, published in The Journal of Clinical Investigation, discovered that administering supplemental IAIP after an ischemic stroke reduced the size of the damaged area and improved functional recovery.
A new study uses AI to predict the risk of stroke recurrence in individuals, identifying high blood pressure, raised cholesterol, and atrial fibrillation as key risk factors. This personalized approach aims to improve patient treatment adherence and reduce the likelihood of another stroke.
A study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences has shed light on why it's difficult to learn a second language as an adult. Researchers found that clusters of neurons in the speech cortex fine-tune themselves as listeners gain familiarity with foreign sounds, indicating a crucial step in language learning.
A recent study by Mount Sinai researchers discovered that certain neurons in the brain's decision-making centers monitor body-state dynamics and hijack the decision-making process during intense states of arousal. This suggests that changes in heart rate and other bodily responses can impact the brain's ability to make rational decisions.
A telephone-delivered nursing care strategy combining heart failure care management with depression treatment improved patients' clinical outcomes. Patients receiving 'blended' collaborative care showed better mental health-related quality of life, including improved mood and reduced limitations in social activities.
Scientists at Massachusetts General Hospital found that the hormone irisin drives cognitive benefits of exercise, potentially treating Alzheimer's disease. Elevated irisin levels improved cognitive function and neuroinflammation in mouse models for Alzheimer's disease.
New research from Georgetown University Medical Center found that certain brain functions associated with attention and executive control can improve in older individuals. These improvements may be due to lifelong practice and skill-building.
Researchers used MEG to measure brain activity while participants listened to simultaneous math equations and sentences, finding separate networks for each. The parietal lobe processed math and the temporal lobe processed language, with activity tracking every word and symbol.
A machine learning analysis has identified 50 genes strongly associated with neurological aging in both Drosophila fruit flies and humans. The study suggests that fruit flies could be used as a model organism to further investigate aging-related processes.
A new regional policy in Chicago has led to an increase in patients receiving endovascular therapy, a critical treatment for large vessel occlusions. The study suggests that this policy change can improve stroke outcomes and has the potential to have a major public health impact.
A team of scientists discovered molecules called 'toxin sponges' in poison frogs and birds that can act as mops to clean up the poisons, potentially leading to a treatment for paralytic shellfish poisoning. The study found that captive-raised poison frogs were resistant to deadly toxins due to these toxin-sponging proteins.
Researchers have developed a dual-drug therapy for alcohol use disorder by targeting the mTORC1 enzyme. Blocking this enzyme can halt cravings in mice engineered to have AUD, offering a promising alternative to current treatment options.
A new study found that people with chronic pain have lower levels of GABA, a neurotransmitter that helps regulate emotions, leading to increased negative emotions and impaired emotional regulation. The researchers hope their online emotional recovery program may provide a non-pharmaceutical solution for those affected.
Researchers recreated damage seen in a widely studied form of frontotemporal dementia by growing special types of cerebral organoids. The study found that the mutated tau protein triggers the death of specific class of neurons, which can be prevented with an experimental drug.
A large international study has identified over 200 symptoms of long COVID, affecting multiple organ systems. The research calls for widening medical guidelines and a national screening programme to address the complex range of symptoms and their impact on daily life.
Researchers found that undamaged neurons do not change their function after a stroke, contradicting the 're-mapping' hypothesis. Surround-responsive cells, which react to neighboring whiskers, also failed to take over damaged neurons' functions.
Researchers at NUS have identified two new proteins that contribute to EV-A71's ability to invade the central nervous system, making them potential targets for treating severe HFMD cases. This discovery could lead to the development of more effective treatments, particularly for young children affected by this illness.
Researchers used fMRI to measure brain activity in risk circuits, accurately forecasting stock prices based on average group activity. Prior trends and individual choices failed to predict dynamics.
Many children and adolescents hospitalized for COVID-19 or multisystem inflammatory syndrome experienced neurologic involvement, mostly with transient symptoms. Life-threatening and fatal conditions occurred infrequently and long-term effects on neurodevelopmental outcomes are unknown.
A review of nearly 28,000 emergency department records found that less than 2% of COVID-19 patients suffered an ischemic stroke. Those who did had a higher risk of requiring long-term care after hospital discharge.
Scientists discovered that brain activity changes in response to disagreement with group opinion, allowing for future adjustments. The brain retains a 'trace' of past conflicts, influencing future decisions.
A new Canadian TIA Score tool helps emergency physicians predict patients at greatest risk of having a major stroke within the week. The study showed the Canadian TIA Score accurately categorized patients into three risk groups, outperforming existing ABCD2 score.
The USPSTF advises against routine screening for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis, as it poses a relatively small risk of stroke. This recommendation is consistent with the task force's previous 2014 recommendation.
A significant number of patients with sudden loss of consciousness require pre-hospital critical care, according to a recent study. The research found that air ambulance dispatch teams can select patients needing HEMS-specific interventions and identify opportunities to improve triage.
A group of neurologists from Massachusetts General Hospital argue that police neck restraints pose significant health risks, including stroke and death. They call for greater transparency around their use.
A study by researchers at the University of Missouri found that more than 40% of patients undergoing neuroendovascular procedures while conscious experience back pain during the procedure. The high prevalence of back pain suggests a need for clinicians to address this issue and explore strategies to reduce its occurrence.
The Einstein Foundation Berlin launches its new award to promote quality in research, recognizing contributions from researchers and institutions. The award will be funded by €500,000 a year and will be awarded for the first time in November 2021 in Berlin.
A study found that COVID-19 can lead to rare but potentially devastating neurological complications, including strokes, brain bleeds, and blocked blood vessels. Patients with pre-existing high blood pressure and/or type 2 diabetes were at higher risk for these complications.
Researchers from USTC and SIAT successfully observed individual GABAA receptors and their organization on the synaptic membrane using in situ cryo-electron tomography. The study revealed a 11-nm social distancing among receptors, forming a mesophasic assembly that regulates neurotransmitter release.
Octopuses' arms may have a mind of their own due to their unique nervous system, with over two-thirds of neurons located in the arms. Researchers found that octopuses can learn to associate arm movements with rewards, suggesting some sense of self-movement from the arms.
A recent scientific study led by the Centre for Neurology Studies at HealthTech Connex and Simon Fraser University reports breakthroughs in brain health recovery for Captain Trevor Greene, a Canadian veteran who survived an axe attack in Afghanistan. The study used innovative neuro-technologies, including Portable Neuromodulation Stimu...
A resiliency program for brain injury survivors and their caregivers has shown clinically significant improvement in emotional distress. The program, Recovering Together, achieved measurable reductions in depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress among individuals with acute neurologic illness and their caregivers.
Researchers at the University of Maryland discovered how Zika virus hijacks cellular machinery to break down KPNA2 protein, essential for neural development and communication. This process, known as autophagy, may lead to neurological or brain deficiencies in newborns born to infected pregnant women.
A digital alarm clock streamlined time-sensitive acute stroke care, reducing neurological examination completion times to 7.28 minutes compared to 10 minutes without the clock. However, its impact on long-term outcomes remains uncertain, with further research needed to determine its effectiveness.
A new palliative care model, known as Short-Term Integrated Palliative Care (SIPC), has been shown to improve quality of life for patients with long-term neurological conditions while reducing costs. The study found no significant difference in patient-reported outcomes between SIPC and standard care.
International professional societies developed minimum clinical standards for determining brain death in adults and children, aiming to enhance consistency worldwide. The new guidelines address various factors, including neurological assessment and organ donation, to ensure accurate diagnosis and respectful care.
A study from the NIH found that neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a superior blood biomarker for diagnosing and predicting traumatic brain injury. NfL was shown to distinguish patients with TBI from controls even months to years after injury, providing a potential diagnostic option.
A simple measuring tape could identify which Zika virus-exposed children develop neurological abnormalities. Head circumference growth trajectory is also key, with 10.5% going on to develop microcephaly in months after birth.
A recent study by the German Sport University found that losers in tennis make more spontaneous nonverbal head movements after losing points compared to winning points. These movements include head shaking and tilting upwards or side-to-side. The analysis of nonverbal behavior can help improve an athlete's performance during competition.
Researchers identify SARS-CoV-2's entry route into the central nervous system and report neurological complications of COVID-19 in a narrative review. Potential tissue targets are also identified for future research to understand the neuropathogenesis of coronaviruses.
A University of Missouri Health Care neurologist has published new recommendations for evaluating and treating stroke patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection. The guidelines take into account increased clotting in COVID-19 patients, which raises their risk for stroke, and suggest modifications to manage these patients.
Experts recommend prioritizing patient safety with telemedicine and remote monitoring, while minimizing exposure to COVID-19. Delaying treatment by just 15 minutes can significantly impact recovery outcomes.
Researchers have found a precursor to the human language pathway in living primates, illuminating an earlier evolutionary origin of at least 25 million years. The study reveals a segment of the language pathway that interconnects the auditory cortex with frontal lobe regions, important for processing speech and language.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center found significant variability in blood pressure readings taken from different parts of the body and opposite sides of the body in the same individual. The study suggests that blood pressure measurements may need to be adjusted based on the site taken, which could impact medical decisions.
A new triage system using symptom severity and teleconsultation reduced the time to endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) from 65 minutes to 2 hours and 15 minutes in Stockholm region patients. This led to better patient outcomes, with 34% of EVT patients fully recovering their functional ability compared to 24% in the old system.