Articles tagged with Glucose
A pilot study shows that NM504, a first-in-class GI microbiome modulator, improves glucose tolerance and increases insulin sensitivity in adults with prediabetes. The therapy, which alters microbial populations and their environment in the gastrointestinal tract, also reduces cravings for food.
A study found that older adults have fewer taste buds, leading to higher fasting blood sugar levels and lower adiponectin levels. The researchers suggest a link between the number of taste buds and glucose metabolism during aging.
A study found that vitamin D treatment improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in obese rats, reducing food intake and weight. The findings suggest a potential role of vitamin D in the onset of obesity and Type 2 diabetes through its action in the brain.
A new survey reveals that nearly 70% of adults with Type 1 diabetes do not use their blood glucose self-monitoring devices or insulin pumps to download historical data about their blood sugar levels and insulin doses. Only 12% of patients regularly review their past glucose and insulin pump data at home.
A clinical feasibility study demonstrated that the algorithm was capable of helping maintain glucose above hypoglycemic levels for an average of 99.1 percent of the time. The system's potential to reduce hypoglycemia via a technological approach was underscored by significant differences in insulin dosing response as the aggressiveness...
Scientists have developed a new glucose-sensing protein to help prevent complications associated with dropping or spiking blood-sugar levels in diabetes. The protein, engineered to be stable and detect glucose levels within the range present in people with diabetes, could enable continuous monitoring.
Researchers have developed two new wearable devices that use scattered light to monitor glucose concentration and dehydration levels. The devices also track pulse with reduced sensitivity to errors, making them suitable for health and fitness tracking. They are the first non-invasive devices to directly measure glucose concentration.
The new sensor uses dye chemistry and plasmonic interferometry to selectively measure glucose concentrations in complex solutions like human saliva. It can detect changes in glucose concentration of 0.1 micromoles per liter, which is 10 times more sensitive than previous methods.
Researchers found that low vitamin D levels combined with increased parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels are associated with pre-diabetes and diabetes. The study suggests that assessing the entire PTH/25-OH-D axis is necessary when studying the impact of vitamin D on glucose metabolism.
A study published in Diabetologia found that eating two large meals (breakfast and lunch) is more effective than six small meals with the same calories in controlling weight and blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes. The researchers also found that this approach improved insulin sensitivity and reduced liver fat content.
Research found that brief, intense exercise 'snacking' before meals improved blood sugar control more effectively than one 30-minute session of moderate exercise. The study showed a 12% reduction in mean post-meal blood glucose concentration with exercise snacking compared to traditional continuous exercise.
Research discovered that glucose is the major nutrient used by Salmonella bacteria, but it's also able to use other nutrients. This finding informs potential therapeutic interventions to combat Salmonella infections. The study reveals a wealth of strategies employed by Salmonella to overcome host defenses and evade immune systems.
A University of Missouri study found that consuming high-protein breakfasts helps healthy women maintain better glucose and insulin control. The study showed that protein-rich breakfasts led to lower spikes in glucose and insulin levels compared to low-protein options.
Researchers discovered that Mgat5 gene deficiency leads to improved glucose control and resistance to high calorie diets. The hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) enhances glucagon receptor sensitivity to increase liver glucose production.
A new study found that lower levels of blood glucose in married individuals predict increased anger and aggression towards their spouse. Participants who had lower evening blood glucose levels were willing to deliver louder and longer noise blasts at their spouse, even after controlling for relationship satisfaction.
A study analyzing nearly three decades of data found chromium supplements are ineffective in reducing fasting glucose levels in both diabetic and non-diabetic populations. Despite this, the researchers suggest other dietary supplement ingredients may have positive effects on fasting blood sugar levels.
Researchers develop a technique to trick prostate cancer cells into using more glucose for imaging via PET scans, reducing the need for repeated biopsies. This method has potential therapeutic applications by cutting off cancer cells' energy supply from lipids.
Research discovers that tumor cells' reliance on glucose for energy is driven by a defective gene that fails to degrade glucose receptors, making them 'addicted' to sugar. The study offers new insights into the Warburg effect and potential treatment strategies.
Research links sleep apnea with higher blood sugar levels, highlighting the need for clinicians to monitor diabetes in patients with sleep apnea. The study found a significant correlation between glucose concentration and sleep apnea severity.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati have discovered that gastric bypass surgery leads to excessive post-meal insulin response in a subset of patients, characterized by altered islet cell function and reduced insulin clearance. This study sheds light on mechanisms of glucose metabolism alterations following gastric bypass surgery.
A mathematical model developed by Penn State researchers can accurately predict blood glucose levels of individuals with type 1 diabetes up to 30 minutes in advance. This allows for timely action to be taken and reduces the risk of hypoglycemic events, which can be life-threatening.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center have found evidence that the insulin-secreting beta cells of the pancreas can regenerate. This surprising discovery suggests that understanding how regeneration occurs may lead to new treatments for the rising tide of diabetes, affecting over 8% of the US population.
Researchers have found that agavins, a natural sweetener from the tequila plant, can lower blood glucose levels and aid in weight loss. By acting as a dietary fiber, agavins are non-digestible and won't raise blood glucose, making them an attractive alternative to artificial sweeteners.
Researchers have identified a key pathway that helps cancer cells survive in low-glucose environments, and found that certain diabetes drugs can inhibit this pathway to kill cancer cells. The study provides new insights into how anti-cancer properties of diabetes drugs like metformin may work.
A study published in Neural Regeneration Research found that iron overload exacerbates oxidative stress injury in neural cells under high glucose concentration. The Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway plays a crucial role in this process, suggesting novel therapeutic strategies for diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
Researchers have identified a novel role for the adaptor protein p66shc in regulating glucose metabolism, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for cancer and diabetes. Silencing p66shc enhances glucose metabolism and cell growth, indicating it may act as an energy sensor that responds to nutrient availability.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes develop technique to replenish destroyed ß-cells in animal models, showing promise for a permanent solution to manage type 1 diabetes. The study uses regenerative medicine to transform skin cells into insulin-producing pancreas cells.
Researchers at St. Michael's Hospital found that consuming fructose may increase total cholesterol and postprandial triglycerides, but not affect insulin production or markers of fatty liver disease more than glucose. Fructose showed potential benefits over glucose in some key risk factor categories.
Researchers found that SGLT2 inhibitors improved muscle insulin sensitivity and lowered fasting plasma glucose levels in type 2 diabetes patients. However, the use of these inhibitors also resulted in an increase in endogenous glucose production and decreased insulin secretion.
Researchers from the University of Cambridge have developed portable, inexpensive medical tests using color-changing 'smart' holograms that can detect a wide range of compounds in blood, breath, urine, saliva or tear fluid.
Researchers discovered that fermentable fibers help regulate glucose production in the intestine, reducing the risk of diabetes and obesity. Animals fed a fiber-rich diet became less fat and developed insulin sensitivity.
Joslin researchers have discovered that the hormone FGF21 stimulates the browning of white fat, leading to improved glucose metabolism and calorie burning. This finding has implications for the development of new medications for type 2 diabetes and obesity.
Researchers evaluated potential age-promoting compounds using a novel mouse model, finding that UV light exposure and cigarette smoke increased p16INK4 expression, while a high-fat diet did not accelerate this process. This study demonstrates the utility of the p16LUC mouse model for evaluating age-promoting agents.
A protein complex named mTORC1 is essential for jumpstarting the immune response during the first 24 hours of an infection. It helps ensure that newly activated T cells have the energy needed to launch proliferation and produce specialized T cells.
Research found that reducing glucose metabolism weakens the ability of influenza viruses to infect mammalian cells in lab cultures. The study suggests that altering glucose metabolism may be a potential new approach to inhibit influenza viral infection.
Researchers found hummingbirds can switch between burning glucose and fructose equally well, unlike humans who struggle with fructose metabolism. This efficient sugar-burning strategy enables hummingbirds to maintain hovering flight while minimizing unnecessary weight gain.
A new study by Columbia University researchers has found a single overactive enzyme that worsens both impaired insulin sensitivity and overproduction of glucose in obese individuals, suggesting a potential target for treating type 2 diabetes. The enzyme MK2 can be inhibited with metformin, leading to additive benefits when combined.
South Asian men have lower resting energy expenditure and metabolically active brown fat compared to Caucasians, which may contribute to their increased risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. Increasing BAT activity through cold exposure or medication could potentially help alleviate this risk.
A gut hormone test may predict the extent of metabolic improvement caused by gastric bypass surgery. The test measures GLP-1 responsiveness, which varies from patient to patient and correlates with glucose metabolism improvements.
New research suggests that normal glucose regulation depends on a partnership between the pancreas and brain areas regulating blood sugar levels. The brain-centered system enhances insulin-mediated glucose metabolism while stimulating glucose effectiveness, accounting for nearly half of normal glucose uptake.
Researchers have developed nanotube-based sensors that can monitor nitric oxide levels in living animals for more than a year. The sensors, made of carbon nanotubes, can be implanted under the skin and used to monitor inflammation, potentially leading to new tools for cancer research and diabetes management.
Researchers found that brain-derived neurotrophic factor suppressed glucose intolerance by improving insulin receptor expression and inhibiting gluconeogenesis in the liver. This suggests a potential therapeutic hypothesis for treating glucose intolerance after cerebral ischemia.
Researchers found that diabetic mice showed reduced reactive oxygen species production in their kidneys, linked to lower AMPK activity. This decrease was associated with lowered kidney damage and improved symptoms.
Researchers have developed a novel, non-invasive method to measure blood sugar levels using photoacoustic spectroscopy and infrared laser light. The technology has the potential to make diabetes management easier and more reliable without pricking or using test strips.
Researchers found that metformin works differently in high- versus low-glucose conditions. High glucose levels reduce metformin's effectiveness, making it necessary to use a higher dose or explore glucose control measures.
A study published in Diabetologia reveals gastric banding surgery can rapidly reverse type 2 diabetes in some patients and improve glucose tolerance significantly. The surgery helps reduce inflammation and allows for consistent calorie intake, making it effective for long-term weight loss and diabetes control.
A recent study published in Nature reveals that high blood sugar levels can cause irregular heartbeats, or cardiac arrhythmia, by activating a protein called CaMKII. The researchers found that O-GlcNAc, a sugar molecule, attaches to CaMKII and causes it to become overactive, leading to pathological changes in the heart's calcium signal...
Researchers at UCLA have created a synthetic metabolic pathway that converts all six glucose carbon atoms into three molecules of acetyl-CoA without losing any as carbon dioxide. This breakthrough could lead to a significant increase in the production of biofuels, with potential applications in biorefineries and photosynthetic microbes.
A new University of Notre Dame study reveals the molecular genetic and physiological basis for metabolic diseases related to circadian function. The research found that a specific gene, Id2, plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism and circadian control of feeding and locomotor activity.
Researchers have demonstrated that the amino acid arginine significantly improves glucose metabolism in both lean and obese mice. The study found that arginine increases the body's production of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), an intestinal hormone that plays a key role in regulating appetite and glucose metabolism.
Researchers found that increased fatty acid levels suppress incretin-associated insulin release, highlighting the importance of β cell connectivity. Maintaining β cell connectivity may be a useful strategy for restoring glucose balance in type 2 diabetes.
Scientists identified mechanisms necessary to live without insulin, a breakthrough that could lead to alternative treatments against diabetes. Researchers found leptin regulates glucose levels and reduces the risk of hypoglycemia, offering hope for patients.
Research presented at the ESC Congress found that low body mass index (BMI) is associated with worse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with hypertension and glucose intolerance. Patients with lower BMI had a higher risk of cardiovascular events compared to those with middle or higher BMI, according to the study.
A pilot study by UC Davis researchers found that glucose monitoring systems with an autocorrect feature can produce more accurate blood glucose measurements, improving insulin dosing and glucose control for burn patients. This technology can help reduce mortality and morbidity in these patients.
A study by the University of Adelaide found that people with type 2 diabetes have defective gut taste mechanisms that lead to rapid glucose uptake. This suggests that the gut plays a crucial role in regulating glucose levels beyond insulin function.
Research suggests that weight loss surgery in female rats prior to conception has no positive impact on the metabolic health of their offspring. In fact, the study found that the metabolic health of VSG-treated offspring was worse than that of obese controls, with lower birth weights and increased susceptibility to glucose intolerance.
A family history of diabetes is associated with an increased risk of prediabetes, especially in non-obese individuals. The study found that family history increased the risk of isolated impaired fasting glycaemia and impaired glucose tolerance by 37% and 25%, respectively.
Researchers at UC Davis have identified a potential drug target for brucellosis, a chronic and debilitating bacterial disease. The study found that PPARγ is responsible for altering the metabolism of immune cells to supply bacteria with energy, enabling its survival and replication.
Researchers applied simple math to a long-studied biological process, finding that catabolite repression is controlled by the difference between glucose and other essential nutrients. This discovery demonstrates the power of quantitative biology in elucidating complex biological processes.
A study of over 2,000 patients aged 65+ found a strong association between higher blood sugar levels and increased dementia risk. Higher glucose levels were linked to a 40% increased risk in people with diabetes.