Articles tagged with Cognitive Function
A new study found that children with persistent, distressing PLEs show impaired cognition, higher levels of psychopathology, and delayed developmental milestone achievement compared to those without these experiences. The researchers highlight the need for early intervention and support for youth who report these experiences.
A new study suggests that the brain uses a mechanism called 'repulsion' to differentiate between similar environments. Researchers found that when participants were asked about stores shared between two cities, their brains showed surprisingly different patterns of activity, indicating that they were treating these familiar locations a...
A five-year study from Columbia University found that a single dose of ketamine improved thinking and reasoning, independent of depressive symptoms, making those in suicidal crisis less likely to harm themselves. The study also showed greater cognitive improvements in those given ketamine compared to midazolam.
A new study by Baycrest and York University found that studying Spanish improves working memory and executive function in older adults, similar to brain training. The participants reported greater enjoyment of the language learning experience.
A new study found that Long COVID can cause symptoms such as fatigue, brain fog, and cognitive impairment lasting over a year. The study also showed that more than 60% of patients experienced some level of cognitive impairment, with significant impacts on employment and quality of life.
A new study reveals that high-performing AI next-word prediction models resemble the function of language-processing centers in the human brain. The models' activity patterns closely match those seen in the brain during language tasks, suggesting a potential connection between AI and human language processing.
Researchers discovered a significant impact on executive functioning, processing speed, and memory encoding in patients treated for COVID-19. Cognitive impairments persisted several months after the initial infection.
A pilot study examines graph-theoretical properties of brain networks in traumatic brain injury and controls, showing association with balance impairment and structural damage. The study uses EEG-based functional connectivity measures during a balance perturbation task to explore underlying neural mechanisms.
A multi-year study found that both short and long sleepers experience greater cognitive decline than those who slept a moderate amount. Researchers separated out the effects of poor sleep and Alzheimer's disease on cognition, suggesting a middle range or 'sweet spot' for total sleep time where cognitive performance is stable over time....
A new study found that retired male elite rugby union players aged 50+ who suffered three or more rugby-related concussions during their career have no worse average cognitive function than those with no, one, or two concussions. However, over-75s with a history of multiple concussions showed significantly worse cognitive function on a...
A University of Kansas study examined three key cognitive functions in teaching writing to Hispanic English learners, revealing word retrieval skills, verbal language skills, and working memory are crucial for success. The research highlights the negative effects of a lack of bilingual education on these students' writing abilities.
Researchers found that poorly controlled type 2 diabetes is associated with an increased risk of developing preclinical dementia, which can progress to full-blown dementia. The study also suggests that controlling blood glucose levels may be key to preventing cognitive decline.
Researchers create detailed atlas of mouse cerebrum, revealing distinct cell types and gene regulatory elements. The study provides insights into brain organization and function, with potential implications for human neurological diseases and traits.
A Brazilian study examines the causal relationship between outdoor air pollution and students' cognitive performance in Brazil. The findings suggest that an increase of 10 micrograms per cubic meter of PM10 decreases students' scores by 6.1 points, with poorer students more susceptible to air pollution's effects.
A new study found that ketone supplements enhanced blood flow to the brain and improved aspects of cognitive function, such as working memory and processing speed, in adults with obesity. This suggests that ketone supplements may be a novel therapeutic strategy for protecting and improving brain health in people with obesity.
A meta-analysis of tDCS studies found that applying tDCS during tasks improved reaction times, particularly in learning and memory tasks and executive function/complex attention tasks. The improvement was more pronounced in older individuals, suggesting that tDCS may increase with age.
A systematic review found spatial neglect to be prevalent among 29% of unilateral stroke survivors, with higher rates in right brain strokes and ecological assessments. This condition impairs cognitive and motor functions, slowing rehabilitation progress and increasing risk for injury.
A study of over 2,000 European retirees found that internet usage after retirement is associated with better cognitive scores. Specifically, female retirees who regularly surfed the internet recalled more words on a word recall test compared to their non-internet-using counterparts.
A two-hour glucose tolerance test is linked to cognitive decline in a 10-year follow-up study. Higher blood glucose levels measured in the test were associated with weaker performance in a memory test and a greater decline in results.
A large study found that education and income have varying relationships with brain volume and cognitive scores across different populations. The associations were strongest in childhood development, suggesting socioeconomic status may not specifically protect the brain from aging effects.
A one-year study found that increased concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and lower ventilation rates were associated with slower response times and reduced accuracy on cognitive tests, affecting employees' productivity.
A study led by Ruixue Zhaoyang found that frequent and pleasant social interactions can boost cognitive performance in older adults. Participants who reported more social interactions had better cognitive performance on the same day and for days following.
Researchers reviewed 79 studies on neurocognitive impairments and brain abnormalities associated with nonfatal opioid overdoses in humans. The findings suggest a link between overdose, cognitive impairment, and brain changes, which could influence attention span, memory, and executive function.
A recent study by MPIDR researchers found that participating in the labor market until age 67 slows cognitive decline and protects against cognitive impairment. This effect holds regardless of gender or educational/occupational attainment, with a slowed rate of cognitive decline rather than improved function.
A study by Kazan Federal University found that probiotics administered to antibiotic-treated mice improved behavior, reduced oxidative stress, and restored gut microbiota diversity. The researchers demonstrated a strong link between the gut microbiota and brain functioning, with potential therapeutic benefits for treating dysbiosis-rel...
A study found that transcranial stimulation can increase the benefits of aerobic exercise and improve gait in Parkinson's patients. The treatment uses a weak current delivered by electrodes placed over specific brain regions, activating the pre-frontal cortex.
A new study asked over 470 firefighters about their recovery methods in extreme heat, finding that simple strategies like finding shade and drinking water are often used. The research suggests potential for better cooling and recovery protocols to improve firefighter safety and performance.
A new study from WashU Medicine found a strong association between high physical activity and maintaining cognitive function among breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy. The research suggests that moderate to vigorous exercise may help ward off 'chemo brain,' a decline in cognitive function common during cancer treatment.
Researchers investigated association between social support, cognitive function, and brain marker for Alzheimer's vulnerability. They found that different forms of social support were related to brain volume and cognition.
A study of over 200 individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) found key differences in their fine motor control and eye movements compared to neurotypical peers. The research highlights the importance of considering multiple systems, including feedback and feed-forward systems, in understanding sensorimotor deficits in ASD.
Research found that COVID-19 patients with more severe symptoms scored lower on reasoning and problem-solving tasks. Cognitive deficits were greatest in those receiving mechanical ventilation, similar to average decline seen over a decade of ageing.
A new study published in the Social Bulletin of Psychology found that right-wing authoritarianism is more closely tied to how people acquire positive attitudes than changing them. The researchers suggest that individuals with RWA tend to be more sensitive to negative information, leading them to stick to positive information and avoid ...
A new study by UBC researchers found that people perceived as being less real and having 'less mind' when appearing within a photo. This discovery has implications for digital communication, particularly in online trials, healthcare, and education, where the perception of a person's mind can influence moral judgement.
Research finds that childhood exercise promotes cognitive function through changes in brain structure and connectivity, reducing false alarm rates in tasks like Go/No-go. Cortical density and neurite orientation also play a role, suggesting early exercise may improve brain health for life.
A recent study used cell phone apps, wearables, brain activity, and lifestyle factors to generate individualized predictions of depression. The results could lead to tailored treatment plans for mental health, moving beyond one-size-fits-all approaches.
A Rutgers study explores the relationship between intergenerational families, acculturation, and cognitive function among older Chinese Americans. Researchers found that those with better English proficiency, media use, and social connections showed higher cognitive function.
A new study found that healthy lifestyles are associated with lower cognitive impairment risks in adults over 80, regardless of APOE ε4 status. The analysis confirmed that individuals with healthier lifestyles had a 55% and 28% lower risk of cognitive impairment compared to those with unhealthy lifestyles.
A study published in the Journal of Sleep Research found that disrupted slumber can be associated with cognitive dysfunction in middle-aged and older men. The research suggests that optimal attention and cognitive speed may be affected by poor sleep, particularly in day-to-day activities such as driving and physical activities.
A team of researchers studied how the brain recovers from general anesthesia, finding that recovery unfolds over time and higher cognition recovers first. After anesthetizing 30 healthy adults for three hours, they discovered that abstract problem-solving abilities return before reaction time and attention.
A study published in Archives of Rehabilitation Research and Clinical Translation found that prism adaptation treatment improves functional and cognitive independence scores for stroke survivors with spatial neglect. The treatment, which involves wearing goggles with optical prisms to shift motor movements, results in higher scores on ...
An observational study of over 1,000 middle-aged women without celiac disease found no link between gluten consumption and cognitive decline. The study suggests that the relationship between gluten and cognitive function is more complex than previously thought.
Research at Queen Mary University of London found that individuals with healthier hearts perform better in logic-based problems and have faster reaction times. Shared risk factors, such as diabetes and obesity, may also play a role in mediating interactions between heart and brain health.
A new study finds that traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) share similar degenerative changes in the brain as Alzheimer's disease, particularly in memory and decision-making areas. The research identified comparable patterns of gray and white matter degradation after TBI, which may help predict Alzheimer's risk.
Researchers have discovered significant subconcussive changes in cognitive brain function in male youth ice-hockey players following repetitive head impacts. The study, which monitored brain vital signs during pre- and post-season play, found more pronounced changes in Junior A players compared to Bantam age group members.
Researchers aim to develop a human-centered platform that motivates patients with mild cognitive impairment to stick to a therapeutic regimen of mobile game-playing. Neuro-World games have shown promise in improving cognitive function and predicting expected improvement in patients with MCI.
A recent study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences reveals how cognitive control and sensory information relate to cortical machinery. Researchers found that signal propagation between cortical areas V1 and V4 is modulated by attention, challenging previous theories about parallel processing flows.
A new UCLA Health study reveals that middle-aged women's cognitive function does not improve with physical activity, despite its many health benefits. The 21-year study found no association between exercise and slower cognitive decline in three key areas: processing speed, verbal memory, and working memory.
Researchers found that complement inhibition can reverse mental losses after traumatic brain injury, even when treatment is delayed until two months post-injury. The study showed that blocking complement interrupted neurodegeneration and improved cognitive function.
A plant-based diet, such as the Mediterranean Diet (MIND), was found to slow down heart failure and lower the risk of cognitive decline and dementia. The study of 2,512 participants showed that a diet rich in berries and green leafy vegetables can positively impact cardiac function.
Researchers found a significant link between prolonged sedentary time and decreased ability to focus on tasks despite distractions. Adults with obesity or overweight who spent more time sitting for extended periods showed poorer performance on executive function tests.
A study from the University of Tsukuba found that higher spontaneous eye blink rates correlate with improved cognitive function and enhanced executive function in physically fit individuals. The dopaminergic system, involved in physical activity and exercise, plays a crucial role in mediating this link.
Research from the Center for BrainHealth reveals that a shortened training protocol can lead to lasting improvements in first responders' brain health. The Strategic Memory Advanced Reasoning Tactics (SMART) training improved cognitive function, particularly in integrated reasoning abilities among military personnel.
Research estimates that one in three women experience intimate partner violence and up to 90% suffer head trauma. However, data is scarce on the cognitive and psychological effects of this trauma. A new international effort aims to understand the ramifications of injuries and develop personalized treatment strategies.
A recent study of over 5,500 US nursing home residents with COVID-19 found that increased age, male sex, and impaired cognitive and physical function were independent risk factors for all-cause 30-day mortality. These findings highlight the importance of targeted interventions to improve outcomes for vulnerable populations
Doctors suggest Father Christmas's skills can inform medical practice, such as taking breaks, staying hydrated, and empowering team members to raise concerns. They also emphasize the importance of teamwork, effective communication, and situational awareness in high-pressure situations like Christmas Eve deliveries.
New research published in Hypertension, an American Heart Association journal, found that high blood pressure, regardless of duration, can lead to accelerated cognitive decline. Effective treatment of hypertension in adulthood may help preserve cognitive function.
Researchers have discovered an experimental drug called ISRIB that can reverse age-related declines in memory and mental flexibility in mice. The study suggests that a
Researchers found that consuming cocoa flavanols improved brain oxygenation and cognitive performance in healthy adults, with the greatest benefits seen in complex tasks. The study's findings suggest that flavanols may have a positive impact on cognitive function, particularly during challenging cognitive tasks.
A 12-week exercise regimen improved physical fitness in active-duty airmen, with added benefits from consuming a nutrient-enriched beverage. The study found significant gains in strength, endurance, mobility, and stability, as well as enhanced cognitive function, including better episodic memory and fluid intelligence.
A new study from University of East Anglia and University of Florence reveals that faecal transplants can alter gut microbiome, impacting spatial learning and memory in mice. The procedure may hold promise as a therapy to combat cognitive decline among the elderly.