Articles tagged with Memory Disorders
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A patient with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) showed selective verbal memory impairment due to left fornical crus injury, as reported by Dr. Sung Ho Jang and colleagues. The patient's visual memory improved over time, while verbal memory remained impaired.
Research found that cognitive decline before a stroke increases the risk of stroke five-fold in African-Americans, while slower brain function is linked to higher chances of stroke and death. Examining mental health may help prevent future strokes in older adults.
Research conducted on adolescent rats reveals that daily consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages can impair learning and memory functions. The study found significant inflammation in the hippocampus, a brain region crucial for memory, suggesting potential long-term effects on cognitive function.
A study published in the American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry indicates that middle-aged adults with a history of problem drinking are more than twice as likely to suffer from severe memory impairment in later life. The research highlights the link between harmful patterns of alcohol consumption and problems with memory, which may ...
Researchers focus on areas of memory and learning to treat obesity, suggesting a link between the two diseases. The 'vicious cycle' model proposes that overeating leads to brain pathologies, which can weaken control over thoughts and behaviors.
Research identifies four proteins that increase with age, making brain connections more rigid and reducing ability to adapt. The findings may lead to new treatments for learning disorders and memory loss in neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers found that an enzyme called acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) disrupts autophagy in patients with Alzheimer's disease, leading to toxic protein accumulation. Reducing ASM activity restored autophagy and improved memory in mice with AD-like disease.
Scientists transplanted inhibitory neuron progenitors into two mouse models of Alzheimer's disease, improving learning and memory abilities. The treatment replenished brain cells lost due to apoE4, regulating brain activity.
Chrysophanol alleviated hippocampal neuronal cytoplasmic edema and improved learning and memory abilities in lead-exposed neonatal mice. The compound also reduced oxidative stress markers and increased antioxidant defenses.
A new study from Rice University found that older adults are nearly twice as likely as their younger counterparts to have memories affected by environmental distractions, leading to decreased memory accuracy and speed. This research provides valuable insights into how the brain is affected by environmental interference, critical inform...
A team of experts at UCLA will collaborate to create, implant, and test a memory prosthesis to help restore lost memory functions in brain-injured individuals. The project aims to stimulate the entorhinal area, a key region involved in learning, memory, and Alzheimer's disease.
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory will develop a state-of-the-art implantable neural device to record and stimulate neurons, helping to restore memory in individuals with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and other conditions. The device aims to bridge gaps in the injured brain and enable individuals to form new memories.
Scientists at Yerkes National Primate Research Center have identified a new drug target for preventing PTSD. Osanetant, which targets the Tac2 gene, has been shown to reduce fear memory consolidation in mice.
Research at the University of Iowa found a link between high cortisol levels and gradual loss of synapses in the prefrontal cortex, leading to short-term memory lapses. Elevated cortisol can cause synapse shrinkage and disappearance, particularly in older adults, potentially slowed by treatments targeting cortisol reduction.
Recent memories are stored in a distributed manner throughout the hippocampus, with small fractions of cells responding to individual words. The study provides new insights into how the brain represents memory and may lead to better treatments for neurological conditions like Alzheimer's and epilepsy.
Researchers found chimpanzees cooperated 3,565 times over 94 sessions, increasing success rate and efficiency as they learned the need for a partner. The study demonstrates that chimpanzees are more cooperative than previously thought.
A study found that people with poor cardiovascular health are more likely to experience cognitive decline, including learning and memory problems. Researchers analyzed data from 17,761 individuals aged 45 and older, finding that those with the lowest cardiovascular health scores had impaired cognitive function.
A new UCLA study found that depression, lower education levels, physical inactivity, and high blood pressure increase the likelihood of self-perceived memory complaints across all adult age groups. Memory issues rose with more risk factors, affecting 20% of those polled.
Scientists have confirmed that strengthened connections between neurons, known as long-term potentiation (LTP), underlie memory formation. The study used optogenetics to strengthen and weaken these connections in genetically engineered rats, successfully forming, removing, and reactivating a memory.
The 2014 Kavli Prize winners made significant contributions to our understanding of cosmic inflation, nano-optics, and brain networks. Their discoveries have revolutionized fields like astrophysics, nanoscience, and neuroscience.
Researchers developed a new cognitive test that can accurately distinguish between memory impairments caused by very mild Alzheimer's disease and those due to normal aging. The test assesses relational memory abilities and reveals unique impairments specific to Alzheimer's, allowing for more precise diagnosis.
A neuroimaging study reveals reduced hippocampus brain volume in patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and psychotic bipolar disorder compared to healthy volunteers. Hippocampal volumes are associated with psychosis severity and cognitive performance.
A study found that people exposed to paint, glue, and degreasers at work are at risk for memory and thinking deficits decades after exposure. The research suggests that high lifetime exposure can lead to cognitive problems regardless of when the exposure occurred.
A gene variant linked to longevity may also improve learning and memory, according to a new study. Researchers found that individuals carrying the KL-VS variant of the KLOTHO gene performed better on cognitive tests.
A new study published in Biological Psychiatry finds that a genetic variant in the WWC1 gene may confer protection against age-related memory decline. Individuals carrying the T allele performed better on memory tasks and showed more active engagement in the hippocampus, a vital brain region for memory, with increasing age.
Researchers discovered that fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) enhances cognitive function and improves learning and memory functions in the brain's hippocampus region. FABP5 deficiency impairs learning and memory, suggesting potential therapeutic applications for cognitive dysfunction.
Mayo Clinic researchers define a new subtype of Alzheimer's disease that produces different symptoms and affects the brain in unique ways. This subtype, called hippocampal sparing AD, may be misdiagnosed as other conditions, but could be treated with current medications.
A new study suggests that individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may experience an increased risk of mortality over a six-year period. The research, conducted by the American Academy of Neurology, found that those with MCI had an 80% higher death rate compared to those without MCI.
A recent Mayo Clinic study discovered that individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) tend to die at a higher rate than those without the condition. People with MCI experience an 80% increased risk of death over nearly six years.
Researchers at TSRI identified a critical protein complex, RGS7, that regulates memory formation by modulating GABA signaling. Mice lacking RGS7 exhibited deficits in learning and memory, highlighting the complex's importance in cognitive function.
Researchers at Salk Institute develop a new model of memory that explains how neurons retain select memories hours after an event. The framework bridges findings from both molecular and systems observations, predicting which memories are recorded based on spatial positioning of proteins.
Researchers mapped the hippocampus in children aged 8-14 to understand its development and expansion with age. They found that three subregions grew with age, particularly the CA3/dentate gyrus, which was linked to better memory performance.
Research reveals that introducing new information during sleep weakens memory accuracy, making it harder to distinguish between familiar and novel odors. The study highlights the brain's repair mechanisms during sleep, which can impact memory strength and accuracy.
A recent study found that active, older caregivers who continue to engage in hobbies and activities are happier after caring for a loved one with a stroke. These caregivers were also better physically healthy and provided higher levels of assistance to the stroke survivor.
Parkinson's patients without dementia show impaired ability to learn new information, but not recall or recognition of previously learned material. This study suggests that improving new learning is crucial for cognitive rehabilitation interventions.
The PredictND project will test novel approaches for earlier diagnosis of memory disorders and detect individuals at high risk. The project aims to improve the accuracy and efficiency of clinical practice.
A team of scientists has found a molecule that actively regulates memory loss, revealing the process of forgetting is not passive but rather an active process. The discovery could lead to new treatments for mental disorders such as Alzheimer's.
Research from McGill University reveals that performing a melody enhances recognition of the tune compared to just listening. The study found larger changes in brain waves and increased motor activity for previously performed melodies.
Studies show that when participants experience an 'out-of-body' illusion, their memories are fragmented and stored improperly. The research suggests a close relationship between body experience and memory, with implications for understanding psychiatric conditions such as PTSD and schizophrenia.
Researchers found that hippocampal stability affects how close or far memories are recalled in terms of temporal distance. The study suggests that similarity in the brain across time results in greater temporal proximity of those memories.
A study published in Nature identified the CA2 region of the hippocampus as crucial for social memory, a function impaired in individuals with autism, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. The findings suggest that targeting the CA2 region could lead to new therapeutic approaches for treating these brain disorders.
Researchers found that self-generation may be influenced by variables such as task meaningfulness during learning and memory in MS. Significantly more words were recalled from the generated condition, indicating a more effective learning strategy.
A recent study by Erin Abner, Ph.D., found that subjective memory complaints can be predictive of clinical memory impairment. The results are encouraging as they might help identify people at risk of developing Alzheimer's Disease sooner.
Researchers identified SNX27's precise role in the pathway leading to memory and learning impairment, particularly in Down's syndrome. The study could lead to strategies to improve memory and learning abilities in those with the condition.
Research from Karolinska Institutet reveals lower levels of resolution-regulating molecules in Alzheimer's patients' brains and cerebrospinal fluid, correlating with reduced cognitive function. The study suggests stimulating inflammation resolution may prevent neuronal death and improve memory functions.
Research links common infections such as Chlamydia pneumoniae and herpes simplex viruses to worse cognitive performance, including memory loss and decreased thinking speed. The study found an index of antibody levels associated with these infections was linked to poorer cognitive outcomes.
Dr. Brenda Milner, a cognitive neuroscience pioneer, has received the Dan David Prize for combating memory loss. Her groundbreaking research has had a profound impact on clinical domains, including traumatic injury and degenerative diseases.
A 18-month pilot program increased the time people with dementia lived successfully at home, with participants receiving in-home care coordination and education. The trial found significant improvements in quality of life, safety, and reduced need for nursing homes.
A new study reveals that girls with NF1 are at greater risk of vision loss from brain tumors, while boys are more vulnerable to learning disabilities. The research identifies gender-linked differences in male mice that may help explain these findings.
Increased inflammation after infections impairs brain's ability to form spatial memories by disrupting neural circuits involved in learning and memory. The study used PET scans to measure effects of inflammation on glucose consumption in the brain, revealing a decrease in glucose metabolism in the Medial Temporal Lobe.
Researchers at Cleveland Clinic have identified a critical role for the Neuroligin-1 protein in Alzheimer's-related memory loss, disrupting synaptic networks and leading to memory decline. The discovery may provide new approaches for preventing and treating Alzheimer's disease.
A preclinical study reveals that histone deacetylase inhibitors can enhance brain's ability to replace old traumatic memories with new ones, offering promising avenues for treating PTSD and anxiety disorders. Exposure-based therapy can be combined with HDACis to improve treatment for enduring traumatic memories.
Researchers at MIT have discovered a potential new treatment for PTSD by using an HDAC2 inhibitor to make brain memories more malleable. This approach may be more effective than traditional psychotherapy alone in treating patients with well-established traumatic memories.
A recent study published in Neurology found that heavy drinking in middle age is associated with faster decline in all areas of cognitive function in men. Moderate drinking, on the other hand, may not harm memory and executive function.
A recent study published in Experimental Gerontology found that various forms of vitamin E, including tocopherols and tocotrienols, play a role in memory processes. The study revealed that higher total serum levels of vitamin E, particularly γ-tocopherol and β-tocotrienol, were associated with a reduced risk of cognitive impairment.
A new study suggests that a history of concussion may be related to the buildup of Alzheimer's-associated plaques in the brain. In people with memory and thinking problems, higher levels of amyloid plaques were found compared to those without head trauma.
A study by researchers from the University of Basel found that individuals with high motor excitability have better working memory than those with low excitability. The research used transcranial magnetic stimulation to measure motor cortical excitability and its correlation with working memory performance, revealing a positive correla...
Research suggests that breast cancer ads can be ineffective when they emphasize a woman's vulnerability, leading to motivated forgetting. This phenomenon occurs when people feel threatened about their gender or social identity, causing them to suppress memories of the ad and its message.
A study by Dr. Sha Liu and colleagues found that progesterone administration can reverse cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease patients. The research, published in Neural Regeneration Research, used rat models to demonstrate the protective effect of progesterone against Aβ25–35-induced neurotoxicity.
Researchers found that pre-moxibustion prior to Aβ1–42 exposure was more effective than moxibustion after Aβ1–42 exposure in protecting neuronal structure and lowering apoptosis rate. Moxibustion therapy may have a beneficial effect on preventing Alzheimer's disease development.