Articles tagged with Social Class
A recent University of Virginia and Harvard University study examines the effects of insecure work on relationships in America. The research found that working-class individuals are less likely to get married, stay married, and have children within marriage compared to those with college degrees.
Research suggests that children who overestimate their social connections are less aggressive, as they perceive a lower risk of being judged by peers. In contrast, students who underestimate or accurately assess their social standing tend to display more aggression.
A University of Maryland-led study found that socio-economic diversity is essential for promoting a positive campus racial climate. Students with higher levels of interaction with those from different backgrounds reported more contacts with other races and overall mixing with diverse backgrounds.
Researchers found a significant association between grandparents' and grandchildren's social class positions, even after parents' education and income were considered. The 'grandparents effect' suggests that grandparents' class background influences children's occupational choices.
Research found that breastfeeding significantly reduces chances of downward social mobility and increases odds of climbing the social ladder. Breastfed children showed improved brain development, stress levels, and intellect, which contribute to better adult outcomes.
A new study reveals how social class influences men's attitudes towards DIY home improvement. Upper-class men use DIY to experience physical labor and feel fulfilled, while lower-class men treat it as a chore to assert their masculinity and provide for their families.
A recent survey of over 150,000 people reveals a seven-class structure in the UK, with an elite class and a precariat class marked by economic disadvantage. The traditional working class has fallen to 14% of the population, while new classes such as 'new affluent workers' and 'emergent service worker' have emerged.
A study by Lauren A. Rivera found that employers at elite professional service firms value shared culture and personal connections over superior cognitive or technical skills. This can lead to inequalities in access to jobs based on parental socioeconomic status.
A new study from UC Berkeley suggests that affluent people are more focused on material possessions during times of trouble, while lower-income individuals tend to reach out to friends and loved ones. The research sheds light on how socio-economic class affects human behavior in response to uncertainty and chaos.
A study reveals that theatre demand is driven by different classes, with the working class favoring comedy and the intellectual class preferring drama. The results show that wealthier individuals are influenced by reviews, while those in the middle class opt for classic theatres.
A new study published in Psychological Science reveals that social-class discrimination can contribute to poorer health in teenagers. The study found that perceived discrimination is a significant factor in explaining the negative influence of poverty on health, with stress and negative stereotypes playing key roles.
Research reveals that higher social class is associated with increased unethical behavior, including cheating, lying, and breaking the law. The study suggests that relative privilege and security among upper-class individuals lead to a prioritization of their own interests over others.
A recent study from UC Berkeley found that individuals from the upper class are more likely to exhibit unethical behavior, including cutting off others on the road and deceiving job candidates. The researchers attribute this tendency to a positive attitude towards greed, which primes participants to engage in self-serving behaviors.
Researchers found that people in lower socio-economic classes are more physiologically attuned to suffering and quicker to express compassion than their more affluent counterparts. This challenges previous studies that characterized lower-class individuals as prone to anxiety and hostility. The study suggests a culture of compassion am...
A study by University of Pennsylvania researcher Jessica McCrory Calarco found that middle-class children are more proactive in seeking help from teachers, while working-class children tend to wait until the last resort. Middle-class parents coach their children on how to ask for help, leading to better academic outcomes.
A recent NIH-funded study found that engaging peers in social skills intervention may be more effective than training children with ASD directly. The study showed that children with ASD who interacted with trained peers had improved social outcomes, including reduced time alone on playgrounds and increased classmate friendships.
Researchers used a computer simulation to compare demographic stability and migration rates for egalitarian and unequal societies. They found that class structures contributed to destabilizing effects, driving migration and the expansion of stratified societies.
A study by Johns Hopkins Medicine found that medical students' unconscious biases towards race and social class do not directly affect their treatment decisions. Despite this, the researchers argue that training and experience may be reinforcing negative stereotypes, highlighting the need for interventions to address racial bias in hea...
A new study explores how class differences impact customer-hospitality worker interactions, revealing a game of status where customers reenact their dominance over workers. The research finds that service workers are not powerless, as they also have interdependent roles in the interaction.
People from lower classes have fundamentally different ways of thinking about the world than people in upper classes. Lower-class individuals are better at reading other people's emotions and act altruistically. In contrast, wealthier people don't read others' emotions as well and hoard resources.
Researchers found that alpha males in Kenya's baboon groups have higher glucocoricoid levels, indicating a potential cost to high social rank. The study has implications for human behavior and societal structures.
A study by Understanding Society reveals that individuals with long-term debilitating physical illnesses exhibit similar mental well-being as those without such conditions. The research, based on data from 40,000 UK households, also shows that over half of those experiencing high levels of distress report positive overall mental health.
A growing interest in 'chav' culture is being studied among middle-class gay men, revealing complex consumer patterns and challenging traditional notions of gay identity. The research also raises questions about the potential impact on working-class homosexual men.
A new report by University of Leicester historian Dr. Kim Price draws parallels between past and present medical negligence, warning that the UK's Coalition Government reforms may undermine patient trust. The paper argues that similar policies in the late 19th century led to widespread neglect and poor health outcomes.
A new study finds that popular adolescents, particularly those in the second tier of popularity, are more likely to engage in bullying behavior. The researchers argue that social status and aggression are linked, with students who occupy the center of the social hierarchy wielding power and potentially deterring retaliation.
A study found that deaths from cirrhosis shifted from higher to lower social classes between the early and late 20th centuries. The authors suggest lifestyle changes, including dietary habits and drinking patterns, may have played a role in this shift.
A new study published in Psychological Science reveals that lower-class individuals are better at reading emotions than their upper-class counterparts. The researchers found that people from higher social classes performed worse on emotion perception tasks, suggesting they rely less on others for emotional support.
A new study by Brigham Young University found that middle-class shoppers use secondhand stores and yard sales to stretch their family budget. Thrift shopping plays a significant role in communities as it not only helps families save money but also establishes a sense of community through neighborhood events.
Researchers found that gene activity and protein levels in young paper wasp larvae predispose them to one caste or the other. Queens have high levels of proteins enabling survival and reproduction, while workers are shorter-lived and biased toward the worker role.
A recent study by Rochester Institute of Technology found that using social media in classrooms has little effect on building student connections and social capital. The research used course management systems and discussion groups to enhance instruction, but results showed no measurable impact on students' social networks.
A new study examines the consumption attitudes of upper-middle-class women in Turkey, finding two distinct class fractions with different consumption strategies based on childhood socialization. The more educated group focuses on Western lifestyle emulation, while the less-educated group prioritizes Turkish status symbols.
A University of Miami researcher and his daughter explore the role of social dominance and sexual self-schema in sexist reactions. They find that both men and women respond more hostility towards a woman who violates sex-role expectations than one who adheres, with individuals supporting social hierarchy being more hostile.
A study by Emory University sociologist Dennis Condron found that racial segregation in schools is a strong factor in learning disparities between black and white children. The study revealed that black students' reading and math skills fall behind those of their white peers due to school segregation.
Research from the American Sociological Review reveals racial segregation fuels early achievement disparities between young black and white children. Socioeconomic desegregation alone is not effective in improving classroom performance, and competition for college admissions perpetuates class divide in higher education.
A new study funded by the Economic and Social Research Council reveals that teenagers' attitudes towards diet and weight are shaped by their social class. Middle-class families expect their children to develop a good body shape for adult life, while working-class families prioritize everyday concerns over future health. The findings hi...
A Temple University study found that middle-class parental involvement in urban education can have a positive impact when parents focus on making the school better for everyone. However, the study also shows that this influence can sometimes be exclusive to their own children's needs at the expense of working-class students.
A special class at UCLA helps high-functioning teens with autism spectrum disorders learn social etiquette and interact with peers. The program, PEERS, focuses on teaching rules of social behavior and provides parents with guidance to support their child's development.
According to the study, one in three UK adults (32.1% of men, 33.1% of women) will be obese by 2012, with a significant increase in obesity prevalence among low-income groups. The findings also highlight the economic burden of obesity, with an estimated £7.4 billion annual cost to the English economy.
Researchers found that white participants rated neighborhoods with black residents more negatively than those with white residents or a mix of both. The study's findings demonstrate the ongoing impact of racial stereotypes on social perceptions and neighborhood evaluations.
Researchers found that people's preferences on how the federal government should spend its money are overwhelmingly similar across socioeconomic groups. The study concluded that the government acts on all income groups because it can't tell the difference or to represent public views as a whole.
Children whose parents read aloud to them have better language and literacy skills when they start school. This interactive style of reading has a significant impact on their development. Additionally, the Reach Out and Read programme in Boston improved language skills in low-income families by increasing parents' reading habits.
Researchers found that dominant individuals exhibit a preference for vertically-oriented stimuli, indicating their level of dominance can be measured based on this bias. This study provides new insights into personality processes and suggests a link between thinking dominantly and perceiving power.
A new study funded by the Economic and Social Research Council found that there is little evidence of a 'cultural elite' that aspires to high culture while shunning popular culture. The research confirmed that education and social status are key factors in determining cultural consumption, with a significant proportion of people from a...
The double issue of Critical Inquiry delves into the concept of 'the case,' analyzing its use in law, medicine, psychoanalysis, and popular culture. Key findings include the ways in which cases are constructed to frame instances or make arguments, as well as their role in shaping our understanding of norms and expertise.
Researchers found that our tendency to categorize people into in-groups and out-groups leads to difficulty recognizing faces of individuals from other racial groups. A study by Miami University psychologists suggests that mere social categorization is enough to elicit an own-group bias in face recognition.
Children from lower socioeconomic backgrounds have poorer sleeping patterns, including bedtime resistance and daytime sleepiness. The study emphasizes the importance of screening for sleep problems in this population, as it can impact their health and academic performance.
A study by Sheffield Hallam University found that middle class residents impose their tastes on the housing field, while working-class residents are limited to poorer areas. The 'tyranny of suburbia' is characterized by the dominance of middle class suburbanites, who are able to move up the housing chain through their economic means.
Research from the ESRC Families and Social Capital Research Group found that most parents do not need professional advice to raise their children. Instead, they prefer concrete services. The study also highlighted strong family bonds among working-class and ethnic minority families.
A new study by UC Berkeley researchers found significant differences in disability rates between people of different income levels, even among those at the higher end of the spectrum. Those living above 600% of poverty had elevated odds of disability compared to their counterparts at 700% and higher.
Men from lower social classes face a two-fold increased risk of dying compared to those in higher strata, with smoking being the primary contributor. The study found that around half of the difference in male mortality rates across different socio-economic groups was attributed to smoking-related risks.
This study found that online file-sharing communities, like Napster, exhibit self-imposed rules and symbolisms, similar to traditional gift systems. Online networks have a greater scale and non-sacrificial gifts, providing an alternative consumer-centric model of contemporary gift-giving.
Penn State researcher Karen Bettez Halnon finds middle class embracing muscles, motorcycles, and tattoos as new form of gentrification. This symbolic takeover relegates lower classes to the periphery, with extreme measures taken by disaffected groups to defend against encroachment.
A prospective cohort study of 503 men and women found that downward mobility increases depression risk in men by three and a half times, while women's risk is more closely tied to birth social class.
A Harvard study found that adult occupational class has a significant impact on health outcomes, even after accounting for early childhood conditions and education level. Working-class twins were more likely to experience high blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and lower self-rated health compared to their professional counterparts.
The article explores how social class affects consumer practices through the concept of habitus, which shapes self-concept and everyday spending. Professional consumers exhibit more elaborate budgeting strategies due to their experience of empowerment.
The study found that despite increased male involvement in domestic tasks, women still bear the brunt of childcare responsibilities. Women are often responsible for organizing and scheduling care, even among more affluent households, due to cost and quality concerns.
A study by Professor Gill Jones found that young adults are facing difficulties in achieving independence due to financial constraints, with many relying on parental support. The study highlights the need for clear family law and government policies to address this issue, which affects both middle-class and working-class young people.
Researchers discovered that tobacco companies consider working-class young adults a critical market segment to promote growth. Studies found that socially disadvantaged young women do not necessarily desire 'feminine' cigarette brands, highlighting the need for targeted tobacco control resources towards this demographic.
A large cohort study found that individuals with low birthweight had higher systolic blood pressure at 36 years of age, which was sustained by age 53. People from manual social classes also showed increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure over time. The findings highlight the importance of weight control throughout life to preven...
Researchers found no evidence that homicide detectives spend less time on cases involving African-American victims. The study, published in the Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, examined 802 murders in Columbus, Ohio between 1984-1992.