Flies use their halteres to navigate challenging situations, including flying and climbing. The study found that some species rely on the organs to sense their movement in space and maintain visual focus.
A study of 1315 infants found no significant benefits from using probiotic Bifidobacterium breve to prevent late-onset sepsis, death, or necrotizing enterocolitis. The results contradict previous meta-analyses suggesting reduced mortality and complications associated with probiotic administration.
A new drug combination is being tested for its effectiveness in treating metastatic prostate cancer. Researchers are optimistic about the results, citing improved quality of life and delayed disease progression in patients participating in a Phase 3 clinical trial.
A new technology called 'extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal' aims to minimize damage to lungs caused by mechanical ventilation. The study will test its effectiveness in reducing mortality rates and improving long-term survival for patients with respiratory failure.
A new study published in Brain Plasticity reports that running mice developed twice the normal number of new neurons and showed improved ability to distinguish between similar objects. This improvement in pattern separation is crucial for everyday memory tasks like remembering chess piece shapes or patterns on a board.
Tropical Storm Sandra formed on Nov. 24 and strengthened into a late-season hurricane, with cloud top temperatures indicating powerful thunderstorms. The storm is forecast to turn northward and make landfall along Mexico's west coast by Friday, Nov. 27 or early Saturday
A study published in Radiology found that MRI-detected multicentric cancers are larger and potentially more aggressive than index cancers detected by mammography, necessitating treatment changes. In 25% of cases, these multicentric cancers were over 1 centimeter in size.
A study of 70 individual twins and 130 healthy control twins found that reduced white matter integrity shares common genes with schizophrenia risk. The findings suggest a genetic overlap between structural brain connections and schizophrenia, highlighting potential new avenues for diagnosis and treatment.
A study led by University of Colorado Boulder researchers found that bison are not entirely reliant on grass for nutritional needs and can selectively expand their diet to include woody shrubs and flowering plants during spring and fall. This adaptability may have implications for management and conservation of bison in the American West.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London have found that arthritic cartilage can be treated by a patient's own microvesicles, which can travel into cartilage cells and deliver therapeutic agents. The study suggests that these microvesicles could be a novel form of therapy for patients with cartilage damage due to various diseases.
Researchers developed a novel isothermal amplification method using gold nanoparticles and magnetic microbeads to detect DNA sequences characteristic of Leishmania infantum kinetoplast. The approach exhibits good reproducibility and sensitivity, outperforming other point-of-care tests.
Scientists successfully extracted and sequenced mitochondrial DNA from black widow spider webs, identifying the spider architect and its prey. The detectability of DNA remained consistent for at least 88 days after living organisms were removed.
Research shows that patients are not harmed during doctor strikes in developed countries when emergency care is available. Studies have found no significant increase in mortality rates during strikes, despite some concerns from healthcare professionals.
The Precourt Institute for Energy at Stanford University has awarded $2.1 million in seed grants to support promising clean energy research. The projects focus on developing new technologies for solar energy, nuclear waste management, and biofuels, with the goal of reducing our reliance on fossil fuels.
NASA will launch two sounding rockets, CAPER and RENU 2, over Norway this winter to study the cusp aurora and particles moving near the North Pole. The rockets will investigate electromagnetic waves accelerating electrons into Earth's atmosphere and the relationship between electron inflow and electric currents.
Researchers extend catalogue of material properties with first liquid measurements under extreme conditions. The study suggests that only about 1.2% of the core is carbon, with other light elements present.
A new study found that automatic income entry on tax returns reduces cheating, but passive responses promote dishonesty. The researchers suggest using default options in tax preparation software to encourage honest compliance.
Researchers from the University of Zurich have confirmed the existence of a concentration gradient of lactate between astrocytes and neurons in the intact mouse brain. The study provides new evidence for an exchange of lactate between different brain cells, supporting a 20-year-old hypothesis on brain energy metabolism.
A study by University of Missouri graduate student Sarah Ward found that people who trust their gut feelings are less likely to cheat after considering past immoral behavior. Participants in the experiment were asked to imagine acting immorally and then complete an unsolvable IQ test, with results showing that up to 23% cheated. The re...
Researchers found that therapeutic hypothermia significantly reduces damage to the brain after cardiac arrest, with patients who received treatment experiencing better neurological outcomes and higher survival rates. The therapy has been shown effective on both shockable and non-shockable heart rhythms.
Researchers at UT Austin developed a self-healing gel that repairs and connects electronic circuits without external stimuli. The gel has high conductivity, strong mechanical and electrical self-healing properties, and can be used as a soft joint to join circuit parts.
A University of Texas at Arlington engineer is co-leading a team to develop tools that can convert temperature changes into electrical energy. The goal is to create energy-harvesting microdevices for sensing systems and other applications, which could have a widespread impact on meeting the global energy challenge.
Obese children show increased brain activity in areas linked to impulsivity and obsessive-compulsive disorder when exposed to food smells. In contrast, normal-weight children exhibit brain connections between taste processing and reward anticipation.
On November 13, 2015, a coordinated attack in Paris overwhelmed medical staff. Doctors from Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP) describe the heroic response of their colleagues, praising teamwork and solidarity in treating over 300 wounded patients.
Researchers discovered army ants form complex bridges without a lead ant, adapting to terrain and optimizing food collection. The collective computation allows them to balance cost and benefit, a phenomenon that could inform the development of swarm robots.
MIT mathematicians have developed a formula to calculate the maximum amount of heat exchanged between two objects separated by distances shorter than the width of a single hair. The formula uses material properties and separation distance as parameters, allowing for optimization of devices such as thermophotovoltaics.
Concordia University researchers have created a technology to harness the electrical energy from plants using blue-green algae. The invention utilizes electron transfer chains in photosynthesis and respiration to produce electricity. This scalable technology could lead to cheaper ways of generating carbon-free energy.
Researchers at PNNL are developing a computational tool to improve power grid planning and make hydrogen with a hybrid device. A new technology uses seaweed to create biofuel for cars and generators. These innovations aim to reduce energy costs, increase sustainability.
After routine cataract surgery, older people experience significantly less dizziness due to improved vision. However, wearing multifocal glasses after surgery may negate this benefit, particularly for those with frailty or frequent spectacle changes.
A new study suggests that paying US$11 per trip could eliminate CO2 emissions from tourism, contributing up to five percent of total human-made emissions worldwide. The University of Waterloo-led research proposes a combination of energy-saving and renewable energy initiatives to meet the UN's carbon emission targets.
Researchers have found that bone marrow stem cells can produce fat cells that contribute to chronic illnesses like diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The discovery highlights the possibility of genetically modifying fat-storing cells to prevent or reverse fat-related diseases.
A study found that ultrasonic humidifiers emit aerosols with dissolved contaminants, including minerals and metals, which are 90% respirable. The quality of the water source affects the health consequences of inhaling these contaminants.
Researchers Mikhail Feigel'man and Lev Ioffe describe pseudogapped superconductors with disorderly atomic structures. Their theory explains how superconducting current density depends on pseudogap width in these materials.
A comprehensive genomic study of turtle shells has identified unique adaptations in genes that control hard cutaneous layers, dating back to the evolution of claws and feathers. The study also reveals a shared genetic organization between turtles and humans, highlighting the common ancestry of these defense mechanisms.
Researchers from the University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna tested over 100 raw milk cheeses purchased online and found that pathogenic bacteria like Listeria monocytogenes were present in two samples. Furthermore, more than half of the products lacked proper cooling, leading to increased bacterial growth during transport.
A University of Pittsburgh-led trial found that a text message-based program successfully reduced binge drinking among 18-25 year olds. After 12 weeks, participants who received the full program reported an average of one less binge drinking day per month and a 12% reduction in binge drinking.
A modeling study suggests that countries will likely miss the 90-90-90 treatment target by 2020 due to funding gaps. The estimated gap in financial resources needed versus available for ART scale-up ranges from $19.8 billion to $25.0 billion.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that while HIV mortality declined and life expectancy improved for all adults following ART scale-up, the improvements were greater for females than males. Female adult life expectancy increased by 13.2 years, while male life expectancy increased only 9 years.
Immune cells called Langerhans cells can uniquely repair DNA damage caused by radiotherapy, making them resistant to treatment. Researchers found that mimicking immunotherapy drugs can block this ability, preventing immune response and improving radiation therapy effectiveness.
A new study by Stanford researcher Mark Z. Jacobson suggests storing solar energy underground to meet electricity demand on cloudy days. The proposed system uses heat, cold, and electricity storage to provide a stable grid, with potential benefits including reduced air pollution and lower costs.
Phobos will likely break apart and form a ring around Mars due to tidal forces. The debris from Phobos will continue to orbit Mars for millions of years before eventually colliding with the planet.
Tropical Storm Sandra strengthened to 35 knots with intense convective storms dropping rain at over 80 mm per hour. It is forecast to strengthen into a hurricane by Nov. 25, with a well-suited environment for intensification due to warm ocean water and light vertical wind shear.
Researchers at UC Santa Barbara have designed a synthetic material that combines the key functionalities of interfacial mussel foot proteins, creating a single, low-molecular-weight, one-component adhesive. This breakthrough technology demonstrates record-high wet adhesion up to 10 times more effective than previous materials, with app...
Researchers have reclassified a Canadian 'dinosaur' fossil as Dimetrodon borealis, featuring distinctive blade-like teeth. The discovery sheds new light on the animal's relationship to mammals and dinosaurs, and provides insight into its evolutionary history.
Researchers found that people with CFS are more vulnerable to pattern-related visual stress, a condition that causes discomfort and exhaustion when viewing repetitive striped patterns. This discovery may help in diagnosing the illness, which is difficult due to its similar symptoms to other conditions.
Researchers have developed a new approach to recover flood frequency and magnitude data from temperate lakes, providing new sources of paleohydrological information. The study uses sediment dynamics to establish relationships between river discharge and deposit preservation, helping model and mitigate future flood risk.
The research aims to investigate the feasibility of using many-antenna base stations to serve multiple users simultaneously, addressing scalability and interference issues. By leveraging ArgosNet, a custom-built experimental test bed, the team will advance MIMO technology to meet the 1,000x data challenge in 5G networks.
Researchers at DOE's Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory have modeled new sources of turbulence in spherical tokamaks, a potential game-changer for fusion energy. The findings suggest that keeping non-uniform plasma flows within an optimized level and reducing trapped electron collisions could improve plasma confinement.
Researchers at ITMO University have developed a method for producing vivid holographic images using an ordinary inkjet printer. The new technique uses colorless ink made of nanocrystalline titania, which can be deposited on special microembossed paper to create unique patterned images.
Tropical Cyclone Annabelle was characterized by strong winds and high sea surface temperatures, but adverse conditions led to its demise. The storm's maximum sustained winds decreased to 35 knots on Nov. 24, indicating a lack of lift in the system.
Operation IceBridge collected critical data on Arctic sea ice and Antarctic glaciers, revealing significant glacier losses in the Antarctic Peninsula. The mission also provided essential measurements for calibrating satellite data and validating numerical models of ice sheet gains and losses.
The Global Precipitation Measurement mission found extreme rainfall rates of over 266 mm/h in Typhoon In-fa, driven by powerful convective thunderstorms. The satellite's Dual-Frequency Precipitation Radar instrument provided detailed insights into the storm's structure and intensity.
A study by Cornell researchers found that consumers tend to ignore food safety risks if they conflict with their preferred products, rather than changing their behavior. The study showed that risk information alone is not enough to get consumers to alter their behavior.
A recent study found that neural tube defects in Europe have not declined substantially over the past 20 years, despite long-standing recommendations for folic acid supplements. The study analyzed data from 11,000 cases and suggested that mandatory fortification of food staples with folic acid could be an effective means of prevention.
The researchers created a protein that can withstand various physiological and environmental conditions, allowing for more stable and effective treatments. This breakthrough could lead to advancements in biosensors and personalized therapeutics.
Scientists at Austrian Research Centre of Industrial Biotechnology discover a new enzyme in white rabbit's foot fern with high activity, enabling efficient recycling of cyanide wastes. The breakthrough opens doors for industrial applications in crop protection and repellent production.
A new visual authoring tool is being developed to enable both experts and novices to create digital story worlds. The tool guides users through three main steps: story world creation, character and object authoring, and event creation.
The study, published in European Journal of Physics, uses classic work on 'water bells' to explain why the falling curtain of chocolate pulls inwards. Surface tension is the primary force responsible for this phenomenon.
Research by Urvashi Bhattacharyya and Upinder Bhalla found that rats used a 'run-and-scan' approach to locate targets, scanning across options before selecting the correct one. This strategy outperformed 'tracking' in familiar environments with known paths to food.
Researchers propose a photochemical process that could have evolved the Martian atmosphere without creating excess carbon. The mechanism, which involves ultraviolet photodissociation, enriched carbon-13 in the atmosphere, resolving the long-standing issue of 'missing' carbon.