A tangled mesh in a finite element simulation can lead to inaccurate results, affecting biomechanical design, product development, and large-deformation analysis. Researchers have developed new methods for untangling meshes, including constrained optimization and the finite-cell method.
Scientists have discovered a new type of cell in the eye of deep-sea fish that enables them to see in twilight conditions. This finding opens up new avenues of research into how animals adapt to extreme environments and challenges existing theories about photoreceptor cells.
A high percentage of adolescents in developed countries use dietary supplements for sports performance and immune system benefits. The study found that boys and girls cite similar reasons, with enhancing sport performance as the top reason among athletes and nonathletes alike.
Researchers at Kobe University created a double network within ionic liquid, combining inorganic silica particles with organic polymers, resulting in a gel that can withstand over 25 MPa of compressive strength. The gel's stability makes it suitable for applications in CO2 separation membranes and rechargeable batteries.
Research by Samuel Haruna found that cover crops and perennial biofuel crops can relieve soil compaction, reducing the impact of fluctuating temperatures. These crops slow down temperature changes and retain moisture, allowing soils to better regulate temperature fluctuations.
Researchers identified 71 low-value general surgical procedures, with the highest impact interventions including inguinal hernia repair and routine endoscopy in asymptomatic patients. Experts emphasize the importance of maximizing patient care value through precise treatments and challenging existing dogma that 'more is better'.
A study published in Anesthesiology found that breastfeeding six weeks after delivery is not affected by the use of fentanyl in epidural pain relief. The study included 345 women who received different epidural solutions and found no adverse consequences on breastfeeding success.
Researchers from NIAID and University of California, Berkeley develop a cell phone-based videomicroscope that provides fast and effective testing for L. loa parasites in blood samples, allowing dually-infected patients to be protected from ivermectin complications.
The Illinois Waterway has successfully recovered following the passage of the 1972 Clean Water Act, according to a study published in BioScience. The authors used a robust data set to demonstrate a strong linkage between water quality and the rebound of fish populations.
A study found that lavender aromatherapy reduced preoperative anxiety in ambulatory surgery patients. The effect was modest but showed promise as a potential tool for managing anxiety in the operating room setting.
Researchers in Brazil and the Netherlands explore using single-cell algae to remove pollutants from sewage waste, producing large amounts of biomass for composting. The decentralized system could enable small communities to treat their own black water, reducing the need for industrial-scale fertilizers.
Researchers found that Hawaiian birds timed their breeding and molting with the availability of specific flowers, which in turn was linked to heavier rainfall periods. This suggests that climate changes can cascade up the food chain and affect wildlife abundance.
The study reveals that Albertocetus had a large brain size, intermediate between modern cetaceans and terrestrial even-toed hoofed animals. The partial vertebral column indicates that it retained a similar shape and moved similarly to its archaeocete ancestors.
A golden potato engineered to be more nutritious than white potatoes has the potential to prevent disease and death in developing countries. The yellow-orange tuber provides up to 42% of a child's recommended daily intake of vitamin A and 34% of vitamin E.
A study of 21,103 children found no significant differences in emotional and mental health difficulties between those with lesbian or gay parents and those with heterosexual parents. However, children of bisexual parents experienced greater difficulties, which disappeared after accounting for minority stress among bisexual parents.
A study of over 100,000 patients found that low blood phosphate levels were associated with a similar risk of coronary problems as elevated levels. This contradicts previous research suggesting low volumes of the mineral were beneficial to cardiovascular health.
New research from Duke University reveals that astrocytes play a crucial role in regulating the development and function of synapses in the brain. The study found that three proteins control the web-like structure of each astrocyte, which directly impacts the balance between excitatory and inhibitory neural connections.
Scientists have developed an antibacterial coating that embeds viruses to destroy bacteria, with the coated films retaining their effectiveness for up to three months. The coating, made from a combination of pullulan and trehalose, has shown promise in preventing bacterial contamination of food.
MossRehab's Drucker Brain Injury Unit and MRRI have been recognized for excellence in TBI treatment and research. The facility has continuously funded research on outcome prediction and treatment since 1997.
Researchers developed a high-throughput system to study individual cells infected with a virus, revealing that the antiviral drug is most effective against growing viruses. The study's findings could lead to smarter design of new antiviral drugs by identifying specific factors responsible for different treatment outcomes.
A recent study published by the University of Leeds reveals that diabetic foot ulcers have severe consequences, including limited mobility and increased risk of heart disease. The research found that more than half of patients with infected ulcers did not heal over a year, highlighting the need for close monitoring and timely treatment.
A new nuclear medicine test can identify kidney transplant infection in non-invasive procedures, using positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI). The test has the potential to refine characterization of infectious and inflammatory kidney diseases.
A study published in Scientific Reports reveals how Cape Town's baboons use a sit-and-wait tactic before raiding homes and gardens in search of food. The research shows that only 10% of their foraging time is spent on raids, highlighting the extreme behavioral flexibility of these canny primates.
Fibroblasts' circadian clocks affect wound healing, with slower healing times observed at night. Researchers found that resetting cellular clocks before surgery could help maximize healing outcomes.
A study by Coventry University and Oxford University found no connection between intuitive or analytical thinking and supernatural beliefs. Instead, researchers suggest that upbringing and socio-cultural processes drive religious beliefs, contradicting the long-held theory of 'natural' intuition playing a key role.
A recent study published in Nature Communications found that northern high-latitude cooling played a key role in triggering the rapid termination of the African Humid Period around 5500 years ago. This period was characterized by significant rainfall, but its sudden end led to aridification in the region.
A new study published in PLOS ONE suggests that endurance training can help alleviate muscle inflammation by targeting specific immune cells and promoting muscle repair. The research found that exercise alters microRNAs that downregulate immune processes and increase mitochondrial content, ultimately reducing muscle damage and inflamma...
Researchers have created a new statistical model to study bycatch in commercial fishing, enabling more accurate predictions of incidental catches. The Random-Effects Hurdle Model can be applied to various fields with complex data structures, including health economics and medicine.
Researchers have identified specific yeast genes responsible for producing phenylethyl acetate, a flavor compound imparting a hint of rose or honey to alcoholic beverages. The study uses CRISPR/Cas9 to precisely engineer desirable traits in yeasts, potentially leading to the creation of new flavors.
A new study led by University of Maryland neuroscientists found that subplate neurons, thought to have no role in transmitting sensory information, may conduct such signals after all. This discovery could enable early diagnosis of autism and other cognitive deficits.
A new study from Rice University reveals that nearly 80% of undocumented Mexican immigrants living near the California-Mexico border have a lifetime history of traumatic events. Clinically significant psychological distress affects around 50% of these individuals, with many reporting domestic violence, poverty, and material deprivation.
Researchers at Texas Biomedical Research Institute tested a new drug for hepatitis B virus infection, which uses RNA interference to reduce surface antigens. The therapy has shown safety and effectiveness in human trials, offering hope for a potential cure.
A recent study on Mount Rainier floral communities found that climate change can cause reassembly among wildflowers, leading to disrupted interactions. In 2015, an unusually warm summer resulted in new patterns of flowering times, with some species blooming earlier and others later.
A new study measures the causes behind the US health care spending increase, attributing 50% to price and intensity of services. The analysis reveals that factors like population growth, age, disease prevalence, and utilization drive most of the spending increase.
Physicists at NIST have created a new method to link atoms' properties quickly, potentially providing precise sensing and quantum computer tools. The approach uses dipolar interaction to enable fast entanglement propagation through groups of atoms.
Researchers studied bosons in a Bose-Einstein condensate and observed bright jets of atoms shooting out of the condensate, unlike expected random ejections, when applying a magnetic field. This unexpected behavior may be useful for amplifying small signals in quantum technology applications.
A study found that 43% of online cannabidiol products had more and 26% had less than the indicated amount on their labels. The findings highlight the need for stricter regulations and testing standards to ensure these products are used for medicinal purposes.
Researchers at the University of California, Davis, have identified 52 potential wildlife corridors in Tanzania, linking protected areas across the country. The study found that nearly a sixth of previously identified corridors may be separated by land conversion.
Researchers at FAU have identified two mechanisms by which H. pylori destroys the stomach's protective layer, allowing bacteria to access deeper tissue layers and inflict further damage. The team also discovered that the injected bacterial toxin reprograms host cells, making them potentially cancerous.
Researchers analyzed social interactions in France and Japan, identifying five behaviors that influence group decisions. They developed a mathematical model that reproduces the results and predicts group performance based on information exchange, which can lead to improved cooperation and collaboration.
A recent study published in Nature Genetics reveals that the DNA error surveillance and repair system is more efficient in protein-coding exons than other genomic regions. This higher efficiency allows for better conservation of essential genetic sequences across species.
A Rutgers-led study has shown promise in using inner ear stem cells to reverse deafness, but also poses a risk of increased cell division, which could lead to cancer. The researchers discovered that controlling the chromatin state can reduce unwanted stem cell proliferation.
Researchers found that yokeless current sensors are prone to errors when measuring currents in iron conductors due to magnetic permeability. The study provides recommendations for designing more accurate sensors to improve the electrical grid's ability to respond to power surges and prevent catastrophic damage.
Cristina Lo Celso, a rising star in biomedical research, has been awarded the Foulkes Foundation Medal for her groundbreaking work on leukemia. Her research focuses on understanding how leukaemia cells develop and relapse, with the ultimate goal of improving treatments and preventing disease recurrence.
A team of researchers at Colorado State University has found striking parallels between how archaeal and eukaryotic cells package and store their genetic material. The breakthrough study revealed that archaea and eukaryotes share a common mechanism to compact, organize and structure their genomes.
Researchers have discovered a new way to simulate Einstein's theory of general relativity in electronic systems, enabling the creation of 3D electron lenses and electronic invisibility devices. The discovery uses Weyl metamaterials, which combine ideas from solid-state physics, particle physics, and cosmology.
Zepsyre, a marine-derived anticancer drug, will be commercialized in South Korea under the deal. PharmaMar retains exclusive production rights and will sell to Boryung Pharm for commercial use.
Pinyon pine trees rely on specific microclimates to recover from drought events. Cooler and wetter climates with high tree cover, abundant juvenile trees, and mature seed-producing trees are essential for regeneration. Microsites under shaded canopies also provide favorable conditions for young pinyon pine growth.
A research team led by BU School of Medicine professor Avrum Spira is developing diagnostic tools to intercept lung cancer at its earliest stage using innovative approaches like nasal swabs and blood tests. The goal is to confirm whether lung abnormalities found on chest imaging are benign lung disease or signs of cancer.
A 10-year study found that West Nile virus victims, including those with mild symptoms or none, showed evidence of brain damage years after the original infection. Brain scans revealed damage or thinning in different parts of the cerebral cortex, as well as degeneration or atrophy in several regions.
UC3M has secured over 7 million euros in contracts with companies, supporting its R&D efforts. The university is also active in European Horizon 2020 programs, with 50 projects approved and seven ERC projects funded.
A new study reveals that cities can significantly reduce their greenhouse gas emissions by addressing upstream activities such as housing and transportation. By choosing low-carbon construction materials and renewable energy sources, cities can drastically decrease their indirect CO2 emissions. This approach offers local policymakers m...
A special issue of PLOS Medicine presents groundbreaking research on HIV prevention, treatment, and cure. Studies reveal improved outcomes with combined interventions aimed at linking patients to care and retention, as well as substantial benefits for people with HIV.
Researchers found that inhibiting microRNA-204 could lead to better treatment of diabetes by regulating the cell surface receptor GLP1R. This could result in lower-drug doses and reduced dose-dependent side effects. The study suggests a novel approach to targeting beta-cell function and improving glucose control.
University of Geneva researchers found that delayed neuronal migration in the fetus causes behavior disorders comparable to autism. They also discovered that correcting late neuron activity can restore interneuronal connections and prevent behavioral problems.
Researchers developed a cost-effective optical manipulation platform to assemble electronic components using optoelectronic tweezers. The technique allows parallel micromanipulation of particles and can be used to create safer and faster-charging mobile device batteries.
McGill University has received a $10-million donation to establish a new School of Public Policy, bringing together faculty and students from across Canada and worldwide. The school will offer a one-year graduate program in public policy and executive teaching programs.
Researchers discovered a new route to ultra-low-power transistors using graphene-based composite materials, achieving fine electrical control over the electron's spin. The discovery has the potential to lead to much-needed low-energy consumption electronics.
Tropical Storm Rina strengthened to tropical storm status on Nov. 6 with increased cloud coverage and deep convection near its center. The storm is forecasted to accelerate toward the north-northeast by Wednesday night.
Health care spending in the US rose significantly between 1996 and 2013, with over half attributed to rising prices for services. The study also found that population growth and aging contributed to increased spending on health care.