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Science News Archive February 2019 - Page 19


Page 19 of 40

Epidemiology, pathophysiology, and therapeutic targets in stable ischemic heart disease

Chronic stable angina affects approximately 10 million Americans, primarily older adults and women. Common comorbidities like diabetes are associated with poorer outcomes in this subgroup. The study highlights the growing prevalence of recurring ischemia, its socioeconomic burden, and therapeutic targets for management.

SourceCardiovascular Innovations and Applications·JournalCardiovascular Innovations and Applications·DateFeb 16, 2019

Is quantum computing scalable?

Quantum computing aims to break cryptography and speed up database search, but scaling is a significant challenge. Researcher Debbie Leung discusses the ingredients required for accurate quantum computing operations and recent progress with error-correcting codes.

SourceCIFAR·DateFeb 16, 2019
Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C)

Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C) keeps Macs, tablets, and meters powered during extended observing runs and remote surveys.

Drug combination may become new standard treatment for advanced kidney cancer

A phase 3 clinical trial found that a combination of two drugs, including an immunotherapy agent, significantly improved progression-free survival and response rates compared to a standard treatment. The results suggest that the new treatment may become a new standard for first-line treatment for patients with metastatic kidney cancer.

SourceDana-Farber Cancer Institute·JournalNew England Journal of Medicine·DateFeb 16, 2019

How to feed the world by 2050? Recent breakthrough boosts plant growth by 40 percent

A recent breakthrough in plant growth has increased crop yields by 40% by creating a shortcut for a glitch that plagues most food crops. This technology, part of the Realizing Increased Photosynthetic Efficiency (RIPE) project, aims to improve photosynthesis and boost worldwide food productivity.

SourceCarl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign·JournalScience·DateFeb 16, 2019

Large-scale window material developed for PM2.5 capture and light tuning

A research team from the University of Science and Technology of China has developed a simple solution to fabricate large-area Ag-nylon flexible transparent windows for high-efficiency PM2.5 capture. The material shows excellent mechanical stability and can be used as both a thermochromic smart window and a high-efficiency PM2.5 filter.

SourceUniversity of Science and Technology of China·JournaliScience·DateFeb 16, 2019

Tiny fibers create unseen plastic pollution

Synthetic fibers from polyester and nylon release microplastics into the environment, contaminating plants and animals in oceans. Biosynthetic fibers, derived from natural proteins, can replace synthetic fibers and provide recyclable and biodegradable alternatives.

SourcePenn State·DateFeb 16, 2019
Creality K1 Max 3D Printer

Creality K1 Max 3D Printer rapidly prototypes brackets, adapters, and fixtures for instruments and classroom demonstrations at large build volume.

Stable ischemic heart disease in the older adult

The article highlights the need for a practical approach to defining the elderly population and provides an evidence-based review of diagnostic and therapeutic implications of advanced age in ischemic heart disease. This knowledge gap affects risk-benefit ratios of pharmacotherapies and percutaneous coronary interventions.

SourceCardiovascular Innovations and Applications·JournalCardiovascular Innovations and Applications·DateFeb 16, 2019
Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station

Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station offers research-grade local weather data for networked stations, campuses, and community observatories.

Diagnosing 'art acne' in Georgia O'Keeffe's paintings

A multidisciplinary team from Northwestern University has diagnosed metal soaps as the cause of destructive pimple-like protrusions in precious works of art. The tool enables researchers to monitor and understand what conditions make the protrusions grow, shrink or erupt.

SourceNorthwestern University·DateFeb 16, 2019

Diabetes mellitus and stable ischemic heart disease

Diabetes mellitus increases risk of stable ischemic heart disease, with trial data showing no benefit from nuclear stress tests or cardiac computed tomography. Revascularization for SIHD also does not reduce mortality or myocardial infarction rates in diabetic patients without symptoms.

SourceCardiovascular Innovations and Applications·JournalCardiovascular Innovations and Applications·DateFeb 16, 2019

Study: No race or gender bias seen in initial NIH grant reviews

A new study published in Nature Human Behavior found no evidence of racial or gender bias in the initial review phase of National Institutes of Health grants. Researchers from the University of Wisconsin-Madison analyzed over 400 reviewer responses and found that reviewers were focused on the grant applications themselves, rather than ...

SourceUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison·DateFeb 15, 2019

Study finds children with autism more likely to face maltreatment

A recent study from Vanderbilt University Medical Center found that children with autism spectrum disorder are at a higher risk of being reported to the Child Abuse Hotline. The study revealed that over 17% of children with ASD had been reported for maltreatment, compared to 7.4% of children without ASD.

SourceVanderbilt University Medical Center·JournalAutism·DateFeb 15, 2019
GoPro HERO13 Black

GoPro HERO13 Black records stabilized 5.3K video for instrument deployments, field notes, and outreach, even in harsh weather and underwater conditions.

The scientific tooth fairies of San Francisco

Research by Thomas Boyce, a CIFAR Fellow, shows that children from lower socio-economic backgrounds have higher levels of cortisol in their saliva and more cavity-causing bacteria around their gums. His study aims to understand why some children struggle and how all can thrive, as explored in his new book The Orchid and the Dandelion.

SourceCIFAR·DateFeb 15, 2019

CVIA special issue on stable ischemic heart disease

This special issue of Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications Journal covers key aspects of stable ischemic heart disease, including contemporary management strategies and epidemiology. The collection of reviews and commentary provides insights into the latest research and clinical practices for this condition.

SourceCardiovascular Innovations and Applications·JournalCardiovascular Innovations and Applications·DateFeb 15, 2019

Spare 10 minutes to make science leap forward

A new citizen science project, 'Science Scribbler - Virus Project', aims to train AI to identify virus particles by having people of all ages view screens and locate virus particles. This will help automate data segmentation processes, dramatically speeding up scientists' ability to understand research data in days rather than weeks.

SourceDiamond Light Source·DateFeb 15, 2019

Researchers discover anti-laser masquerading as perfect absorber

Researchers have discovered that a material designed to absorb all light of a specific color demands the waves be synchronized as well. By adjusting parameters, they were able to create a coherent perfect absorber with two overlapping modes, increasing versatility and flexibility in tailoring the material's properties.

SourceDuke University·JournalAdvanced Optical Materials·DateFeb 15, 2019
DJI Air 3 (RC-N2)

DJI Air 3 (RC-N2) captures 4K mapping passes and environmental surveys with dual cameras, long flight time, and omnidirectional obstacle sensing.

Novel app uses AI to guide, support cancer patients

A novel mobile application called MyPath uses AI to provide personalized guidance and support to breast cancer patients in rural Georgia. The app adapts to each stage of a patient's journey, offering relevant resources and suggestions based on their medical data and changing needs.

SourceGeorgia Institute of Technology·DateFeb 15, 2019

Scholar to talk about household water insecurity

Sera Young, a Northwestern University anthropologist, has developed the first scale to measure household water insecurity, a universal need bounded by disciplinary and geographic silos. The 12-question HWISE Scale will transform how we understand the prevalence, causes, and consequences of water insecurity on maternal and child health.

SourceNorthwestern University·DateFeb 15, 2019
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

'Seeing' tails help sea snakes avoid predators

Researchers discovered that some Australian sea snakes can sense light on their tail skin, prompting them to withdraw their tails under shelter. This unique ability, found in only six species of sea snakes, helps protect their vulnerable paddle-shaped tails from predators.

SourceUniversity of Adelaide·JournalMolecular Ecology·DateFeb 15, 2019

Surprise findings turn up the temperature on the study of vernalization

Researchers have discovered that vernalization is influenced by both cold and warm conditions, with a wider temperature range than previously thought. The study found that warmer temperatures can trigger an 'extreme vernalization response', leading to unique gene expression patterns in certain wheat cultivars.

SourceJohn Innes Centre·JournalDevelopment·DateFeb 15, 2019
Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter

Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter measures wind, temperature, and humidity in real time for site assessments, aviation checks, and safety briefings.

The friendly extortioner takes it all

Scientists found that a strategy called 'extortion' is unbeatable, as it alternates between cooperation and egoism to force opponents to cooperate. This tactic can lead to significant gains for the 'extortioner', even when competing against cooperative players.

SourceMax-Planck-Gesellschaft·JournalNature Communications·DateFeb 15, 2019

Solid-state catalysis: Fluctuations clear the way

Scientists have found that local fluctuations on a solid-state catalyst's surface create opportunities for reactant molecules to diffuse and undergo desired reactions. The findings, published in Science, reveal that even with densely packed adsorbed particles, molecular mobility is possible due to periodic changes in particle density.

SourceLudwig-Maximilians-Universität München·JournalScience·DateFeb 15, 2019

Getting behind the wheel on opioids: could be a road to tragedy

A new study published in JAMA Network Open found that driving while on prescription opioids significantly increases the risk of fatal motor vehicle crashes. The study analyzed data from over 18,000 fatal car crashes and found that drivers who tested positive for prescription opioids were more likely to be involved in fatal crashes.

SourceColumbia University's Mailman School of Public Health·JournalJAMA Network Open·DateFeb 15, 2019

Linking sensing to signaling during plant immunity

EDS1 protein partners with PAD4 and SAG101 to promote reprogramming of gene expression and localized cell death, carrying out a crucial link between recognition and resistance in plant immunity. A key surface on EDS1 enables its functions, promoting salicylic acid accumulation and blocking bacterial virulence molecules.

SourceMax Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research·JournalNature Communications·DateFeb 15, 2019

Intervention can boost rates of exclusive breastfeeding

New research from London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine shows that interventions in West Africa can significantly increase rates of exclusive breastfeeding. The study found that women who received support reported being 70% more likely to exclusively breastfeed than those who did not receive the intervention.

SourceLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine·JournalThe Lancet Global Health·DateFeb 15, 2019
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

Lithium-air batteries can store energy for cars, houses and industry

Researchers from São Paulo and the UK presented advances in new battery development to address increasing demand for energy storage. Lithium-air batteries have great potential for use in transportation, power distribution networks, and can store energy for up to 24 hours at a low cost.

SourceFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo·DateFeb 15, 2019

The Lypla1 gene impacts obesity in a sex-specific manner

Researchers discovered a sex-specific obesity locus for the Lyplal1 gene, finding that females have a higher mitochondrial activity and produce more brown adipose tissue, reducing fat mass and insulin resistance. In contrast, males exhibit low mitochondrial activity and increased weight and insulin resistance.

SourceDeutsches Zentrum fuer Diabetesforschung DZD·JournalCell Metabolism·DateFeb 15, 2019

Preserved leaves reveal 7,000 years of rainfall and drought

Researchers reconstructed past rainfall patterns in south-east Queensland using preserved paper-bark tea tree leaves from North Stradbroke Island, finding a generally wet period around 5000-6000 years ago. The study suggests that the probability of a drought worse than the Millennium Drought may be as much as 10 times higher.

SourceUniversity of Adelaide·JournalScientific Reports·DateFeb 15, 2019
Meta Quest 3 512GB

Meta Quest 3 512GB enables immersive mission planning, terrain rehearsal, and interactive STEM demos with high-resolution mixed-reality experiences.

New study shows hidden genes may underlie autism severity

A recent study by CU Anschutz researchers has implicated a complex unexamined gene family in autism severity, suggesting that this underexplored area of the human genome may hold key insights into the disorder and potentially lead to new clinical therapies.

SourceUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus·JournalAmerican Journal of Psychiatry·DateFeb 15, 2019

Researchers find genetic vulnerability to menthol cigarette use

Researchers identified a genetic variant associated with an increased preference for menthol cigarettes, specifically in African-American smokers. The MRGPRX4 gene variant is five to eight times more frequent among menthol cigarette users, suggesting a potential underlying factor for the higher use of these products among this population.

SourceNIH/National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders·JournalPLOS Genetics·DateFeb 15, 2019
Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C)

Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C) provide clear calls and strong noise reduction for interviews, conferences, and noisy field environments.

Happy as a pig in muck?

A study published in PLoS ONE found that the type of pen a pig is shown in significantly affects how it is perceived by consumers. Straw bedding is rated as more natural and animal-friendly than concrete floors. The results suggest that even happy or sad expressions do not change perceptions of well-being.

SourceUniversity of Göttingen·JournalPLOS ONE·DateFeb 15, 2019

Push-up capacity linked with lower incidence of cardiovascular disease events among men

A Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health study found that middle-aged men who completed more than 40 push-ups had a significantly lower risk of cardiovascular disease outcomes over 10 years. The study's findings suggest that push-up capacity could be an easy, cost-effective method to assess cardiovascular disease risk.

SourceHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health·JournalJAMA Network Open·DateFeb 15, 2019

Brain discovery explains a great mystery of Alzheimer's, Parkinson's

Scientists at the University of Virginia Health System identified a potential explanation for the death of specific brain cells seen in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The discovery suggests that naturally occurring gene variation, called 'somatic mosaicism,' may be responsible for this selective vulnerability.

SourceUniversity of Virginia Health System·JournalCell Reports·DateFeb 15, 2019
Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach

Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach provides rugged GNSS navigation, satellite messaging, and SOS for backcountry geology and climate field teams.

Live better with attainable goals

A study of over 970 participants found that perceiving personal goals as attainable is crucial for later cognitive and affective well-being. Life goals also hold predictive power for specific domains, such as social relationships and health.

SourceUniversity of Basel·JournalEuropean Journal of Personality·DateFeb 15, 2019

Blood clot discovery could pave way for treatment of blood diseases

Researchers have developed a new technique to simultaneously measure blood clotting and the formation of free radicals, shedding light on their role in blood vessel damage and disease development. The discovery could lead to better treatments for conditions like heart disease, stroke, and vascular dementia.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalHaematologica·DateFeb 15, 2019

Tide gauges capture tremor episodes in Cascadian subduction zone

Researchers used hourly water level records from tide gauges to detect episodic tremor and slip patterns in the Cascadia Subduction Zone. The study found that these events occurred every 14.6 months between 1996 and 2011, but not during the pre-GPS era, suggesting a potential change in the pattern over time.

SourceSeismological Society of America·JournalBulletin of the Seismological Society of America·DateFeb 15, 2019

What rising seas mean for local economies

A new study found that high-tide flooding is already impacting businesses' experiences and profits, with downtown Annapolis losing 3,000 visits in 2017 due to flooding. Rising seas are expected to increase flooding days by 2035, affecting 170 coastal communities.

SourceStanford University·JournalScience Advances·DateFeb 15, 2019
Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)

Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4) runs demanding GIS, imaging, and annotation workflows on the go for surveys, briefings, and lab notebooks.

Immune stimulant molecule shown to prevent cancer

A research team at the University of Louisville discovered that SA-4-1BBL boosts CD8+ and CD4+ T cells to target tumors for destruction. The molecule protects healthy mice from various cancer types when exposed to tumor cells, showing promise in cancer immunoprevention.

SourceUniversity of Louisville·JournalCancer Research·DateFeb 15, 2019

NASA catches Tropical Cyclone Gelena's post-tropical transition

NASA's Aqua satellite provides visible image of Tropical Cyclone Gelena transitioning into a subtropical storm, characterized by asymmetric wind patterns and cloud top warming. The storm is expected to continue moving through the Southern Indian Ocean over the next day until it dissipates.

SourceNASA/Goddard Space Flight Center·DateFeb 15, 2019

Elk avoid beetle-killed forest areas

New research finds elk in Wyoming's Medicine Bow-Routt National Forest avoid beetle-killed areas during summer months. Elk strongly avoid these areas due to the need to expend significant amounts of energy to walk over downed logs and cool themselves.

SourceUniversity of Wyoming·JournalJournal of Wildlife Management·DateFeb 15, 2019
CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock

CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock simplifies serious desks with 18 ports for high-speed storage, monitors, and instruments across Mac and PC setups.

Biologists identify honeybee 'clean' genes known for improving survival

Researchers at York University have identified a group of genes controlling hygienic behavior in honeybees, which helps to limit the spread of harmful mites and bacteria. These genes are associated with improved colony survival and may be used to breed healthier colonies through selective breeding programs.

SourceYork University·JournalGenome Biology and Evolution·DateFeb 15, 2019

Why some brain tumors respond to immunotherapy

Research reveals that patients with specific MAPK mutations are more likely to respond to immunotherapy drugs in glioblastoma. The study also found that tumors with PTEN mutations were less responsive to treatment, suggesting new targets for treatment development.

SourceColumbia University Irving Medical Center·JournalNature Medicine·DateFeb 15, 2019