Researchers developed a multifunctional patch that detects plant diseases and abiotic stresses like drought or salinity. The patch can detect viral infections up to a week before symptoms appear, enabling growers to take action earlier.
A randomized trial found tailored education and peer support significantly reduced binge-drinking among Army National Guard members over the course of a year. Participants who received online education sessions and supportive phone calls from veteran peers showed substantial declines in binge-drinking days and scores on risk assessments.
A UMass Amherst food scientist is developing designer tempeh using smart fermentation, transforming soybean meal into a high-quality, protein-rich plant-based alternative. The goal is to create a scientifically-targeted approach to produce nutritious and delicious tempeh, replacing animal meat.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have developed a potential therapeutic for diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) using antisense oligonucleotide technology. The treatment has slowed tumor growth, reversed changes in cancer cells, and increased survival rates in mice with DIPG.
A landmark study by University of Cambridge researchers found no difference in psychological wellbeing or quality of family relationships between children born through assisted reproduction and those born naturally. However, mothers who disclosed their child's origins early on reported more positive relationships and lower anxiety and ...
The S2302 Pragmatica-Lung trial is designed to be inclusive and easy to conduct, with few limits on eligibility. The study aims to answer whether a combination of ramucirumab and pembrolizumab helps patients with stage 4 non-small cell lung cancer live longer than usual treatments.
Researchers developed an all-optical quantum state sharing protocol that uses continuous variable systems to share secret information between multiple parties. The new method successfully implemented in a low-noise amplifier and demonstrated higher average fidelity than classical limits.
Researchers at Rutgers University have sequenced the complete DNA sequence of the little skate, identifying key genes responsible for its distinctive wing-like pectoral fins. The study reveals extensive rearrangements in fin formation genes and conservation of chromosomal identity across cartilaginous fish.
Early mammals reduced skull bones to redirect stresses during feeding, allowing brain size increase. The combination of miniaturization, reduced skull bones and insect-based diet enabled ancestors to thrive before dinosaurs' extinction.
Researchers discovered two new species of extinct bats, Icaronycteris index and Icaronycteris gunnelli, in Wyoming fossils dating back 52 million years. The findings support the idea that bats diversified rapidly across multiple continents during this time.
A Japanese study reveals significant birth cohort effects on ESKD requiring RRT, with increased risk for men born in the 1940-60s and women born in 1930–40s. Poor environmental conditions during World War II may contribute to this trend.
Researchers from the University of Manchester have discovered that graphene displays a remarkably strong response to magnetic fields, reaching above 100% in standard permanent magnets. This is a record magnetoresistivity among all known materials, attributed to the presence of Dirac fermions in high-mobility graphene.
A new theory, dubbed the Pancosmorio theory, emphasizes the importance of maintaining an Earth-like ecosystem for human survival in deep space. The key factors include gravity, which induces a pressure gradient in the body, and oxygen, which is generated by plants on Earth.
Research at Texas A&M University reveals that a father's alcohol consumption before conception can lead to FAS-related craniofacial differences in offspring. The study challenges the existing dogma that only maternal alcohol exposure causes fetal growth defects.
Increased droughts are disrupting soil microbes' ability to capture carbon, threatening plant productivity and greenhouse gas levels. Research suggests that if drought-adapted microbes outcompete carbon-sequestering microbes, it could lead to carbon-depleted soils with severe implications.
Researchers have developed a new technique to study the molecular causes of pediatric bipolar disorder by growing brain cells in the laboratory. The approach identified significant changes linked to the psychiatric condition, including a gene mutation that may be responsible for the disorder.
Researchers argue that current PPE provides inadequate protection to breast tissue, leaving it vulnerable to radiation exposure. Employers should invest in equipment that ensures the safety of all their staff, particularly female healthcare workers.
A new 52 million-year-old bat species has been discovered in Wyoming, shedding light on Eocene chiropteran diversification. The oldest known bat skeleton, this find provides valuable insights into the evolution of bats.
Researchers at Nagoya University used PESI/MS/MS to analyze anthocyanins in crops, detecting 81 types of compounds in just 3 minutes. This technique simplifies and accelerates the analysis of plant metabolites, which contribute to crop quality and functionality.
A nationwide UK research study has diagnosed around 5,500 children with severe developmental disorders, identifying the genetic cause of their condition. The Deciphering Developmental Disorders study used genomic sequencing technology to provide diagnoses for families from across the UK and Ireland.
Researchers discover loss of neurofibromin 1 (NF1) gene leads to resistance to alpelisib, a common treatment for advanced breast cancer. Dietary supplement N-acetylcysteine restores sensitivity to this treatment, offering new hope for improving treatment outcomes.
Researchers found that a mutation in the SKD3 enzyme can cause 3-methylglutaconic aciduria (MGCA7), a genetic disorder associated with variable neurologic deficits and low neutrophil count. The mutation leads to protein aggregation and inactivates the enzyme, disrupting mitochondrial function.
Researchers found an exceptional number of unknown viruses in the faeces of 647 healthy Danish one-year-olds, representing more than 200 families of yet to be described viruses. These viral species likely have a major impact on whether children develop various diseases later on in life.
Medical University of South Carolina researchers streamlined kidney transplant evaluations to increase access for African Americans. They used telehealth and partnerships with local providers to help patients complete the evaluation process, resulting in higher numbers of African Americans beginning and completing the evaluation.
A recent study published in PLOS Biology identifies a global strain of emerging wheat disease fungus, highlighting the importance of genomic surveillance in tracking pathogen evolution and crop resistance. The research found that breeds of wheat carrying the Rmg8 gene are resistant to this fungal strain.
A UTEP researcher has received a prestigious NSF grant to support his research on the neural mechanisms of decision-making. The award will also fund educational components and undergraduate/graduate courses focused on computational and biological science.
Researchers analyzed Hispanic adults' cancer knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors in Indiana, finding unexpected trends. The study provides guidance for targeted public health outreach and future research.
A new nuclear medicine therapy has been shown to cure human non-Hodgkin lymphoma in an animal model, achieving a median survival of over 221 days. The treatment, [177Lu]Lu-ofatumumab, was found to quickly eliminate tumor cells and showed favorable in vitro characteristics.
The funding will support the development of next-generation delivery technology for mRNA vaccines and CRISPR-based genome editing. This will enable broader application of messenger RNA therapeutics, including for various diseases and immunological properties of nanoparticles.
Researchers found that Indigenous populations with limited food availability have slower brain aging, while industrialized populations experience faster cognitive decline. Beyond a certain point, excessive energy gain from food intake is associated with smaller brain volumes and faster aging.
Researchers uncover 70 Euptychiina genera and over 500 species of butterflies, previously considered monotonous, revealing surprising color patterns and mysterious mimicry. The study's classification provides a framework for further investigation into euptychiine biology.
Researchers found that employing social media posts as visual nudges to encourage safe behaviors significantly impacted COVID-19 positivity rates. Images communicating the value of wearing masks made a real difference, with effects remaining even after accounting for various organizational characteristics and disease dynamics.
A new VR locomotion system, Seamless-walk, offers a natural and comfortable experience without equipment or body pose recording. It uses high-resolution foot pressure imprints and machine learning to estimate the user's direction and movement speed.
A new study creates an experimental combo vaccine by adding a key protein from norovirus to a harmless strain of rotavirus, generating antibodies against both viruses. Mice produced neutralizing antibodies in response to the vaccine.
Research finds that endocannabinoids protect against addiction in individuals exposed to childhood maltreatment. The 'resilient' group showed increased function of the endocannabinoid system and different brain activity compared to other groups.
A team of researchers developed a primary battery system that simultaneously removes cadmium pollution and generates electricity through Galvanic reactions. The system achieved efficient solidification and removal of Cd2+ in water and soil, with no negative impact on plants or microorganisms.
Researchers developed a novel optical imaging approach to observe cell secretions in space and time, revealing key heterogeneity and potential for pharmaceutical development. The method has tremendous potential for high-throughput screening of individual cells and studying delicate antibody-secreting human donor B-cells.
A research team led by the University of Cincinnati's Atsuo Sasaki aims to understand how an enzyme regulates lysosomal function based on energy molecule GTP. This study could lead to new treatments for cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and anti-aging.
Researchers generated a POLDIP2 knockout ARPE-19 cell line and found reduced mitochondrial superoxide levels, consistent with upregulated SOD2. The study demonstrates a potential role of POLDIP2 in regulating oxidative stress in AMD.
A new study found that financial toxicity of cancer impacts partners' health-related quality of life, causing anxiety, depression, fatigue, and sleep disturbances. Younger partners were more likely to report financial burden and debt.
Researchers at KAIST have successfully developed a new X-ray microscope technology that can overcome the resolution limitations of existing microscopes. This breakthrough enables high-resolution imaging of nanoscale structures, with a resolution of 14 nm, which is comparable to that of electron microscopes. The technology uses random d...
Vienna University of Technology researchers have developed MOCHAs, organometallic chalcogenolate compounds that facilitate the conversion of CO2 into synthesis gas. This process can be carried out at room temperature and requires less energy than previous methods, making it a promising solution for climate protection.
The Save Our Seas Foundation has awarded a record 75 grants to support shark and ray conservation projects worldwide. The foundation's 20th anniversary year highlights growing commitment to protecting these vital ocean species.
Prasanna Balaprakash has been named director of ORNL's Artificial Intelligence Initiative, focusing on developing foundational, scalable, and applied technologies. The initiative aims to advance breakthroughs in materials science, biology, health science, and nuclear engineering using AI and high-performance computing.
A new study finds that wireless pacemakers can safely regulate slow heartbeats in select pediatric patients. The leadless pacemaker, a miniature device implanted directly into the heart, has shown stable performance with no reported complications in children aged 4-21.
Researchers at the University of Córdoba discovered a non-pathogenic fungus strain that enhances iron response to deficiencies in cucumber plants. The FO12 strain stimulates iron acquisition and plant growth in calcareous soils, offering a sustainable alternative to environmentally harmful fertilizers.
A new study found that the COVID-19 pandemic led to steeper declines in fertility rates in some US states than others, with factors like income inequality, racial composition, and political leaning playing a significant role. States with stronger social distancing responses and liberal politics experienced larger fertility rate declines.
Researchers have identified a new cell state in embryonic airway development, which may lead to new approaches for treating chronic respiratory diseases. The discovery highlights the crucial role of cellular heterogeneity in shaping airway biology.
A recent study has found that sleep is necessary for survival due to its role in regulating the body's homeostasis and preventing diseases. The research also shows that the brain disconnects from the environment during sleep, and that the gut plays a crucial role in this process.
Alaskan rivers are experiencing increased streamflow during spring and fall seasons, driven by rising temperatures. This shift affects the formation and safety of river ice in winter, posing dangers for transportation and fishing, while also impacting traditional hunting routes.
The American Society for Nutrition is offering complimentary press passes for NUTRITION 2023, a leading global annual meeting on nutrition. The event will take place July 22-25 in Boston, bringing together thousands of nutrition professionals to share cutting-edge research.
A new study suggests that increased awareness of biopesticide market availability, efficacy, and field application processes could help tackle locust outbreaks in China. The researchers argue that future studies should focus on modeling the expected impact and cost effectiveness of chemicals versus biopesticides.
A daily statin medication reduced the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events by 35% among people living with HIV. The NIH study, REPRIEVE, enrolled over 7,700 volunteers and found that pitavastatin calcium lowered cardiovascular risk without increasing adverse drug events.
A new UCLA-led study found that individuals with traditional cultural values tend to take stricter COVID-19 precautions globally, with 21 of 27 countries showing a strong link between the two. In contrast, factors like distrust of science and concerns about the economy in the US suppressed cautionary behavior among social conservatives.
Researchers found that a neuropeptide called GLWamide regulates feeding in jellyfish, while myoinhibitory peptide (MIP) does the same in fruit flies. The discovery highlights the deep evolutionary origins of a conserved satiety signal.
Researchers develop innovative method to analyze ancient bones, making collagen quantifiable and mapping possible. This technique supports the selection of samples for radiocarbon analysis, preserving valuable material and reducing destruction.
A study of Britain's native flowering plants found that genetic factors are more important than ecological ones in predicting hybrid formation. The research also discovered that species with different numbers of chromosome sets can still form hybrids.
Researchers have discovered a unique underwater spring in the Pacific Northwest that could provide insights into earthquake hazards. The Pythia's Oasis seep is sourced from water 2.5 miles beneath the seafloor at the plate boundary, regulating stress on the offshore fault.
Animals recycle biochemical waste to produce novel chemicals playing key roles in biology from behavior to aging. Genes previously thought to code for carboxylesterases contribute to ester and amide bond formation opposite initial predictions.
Researchers found that embracing early, less severe preventative measures can slow disease spread and lessen economic impact. Physics-based analysis revealed that small but steady countermeasures are more effective than strict measures in limiting health damage and economic loss.