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Science News Archive June 2024 - Page 34


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Case Western Reserve University researchers develop new method of DNA testing—expanding scientific innovation

Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have developed a new method for target DNA sequence amplification, testing and analysis known as AMPLON. This technique offers an alternative to the previously accepted PCR method, allowing for more applications in medical diagnosis and expanding scientific innovation.

SourceCase Western Reserve University·JournalAdvanced Materials·TypeExperimental study·DateJun 5, 2024

Scientists detect slowest-spinning radio emitting neutron star ever recorded

Astronomers have detected a neutron star spinning at an unprecedentedly slow rate, defying the typical mind-bending speeds of these ultra-dense stars. The object emits radio signals every 54 minutes, offering new insights into its complex life cycle and potential implications for our understanding of stellar objects.

SourceUniversity of Manchester·JournalNature Astronomy·DateJun 5, 2024
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

The problem with prison abolition? Misunderstanding it

A new paper reviews Tommie Shelby's book on prison abolition, arguing that Shelby misreads the intentions of the movement. The author contends that while prisons cause real harm, quibbling with abolition may be unproductive. The paper examines how mass incarceration structures US society through fear, racism, and police brutality.

SourceUniversity of Chicago Press Journals·JournalEthics·DateJun 5, 2024

MSU research: What makes a good headline?

According to MSU research, linguistically simple headlines engage readers more than complex ones. The study found that simplicity impacts how often people click on stories, leading to increased demand for good journalism. By writing simply, news organizations can make their content more approachable and accessible to a wider audience.

SourceMichigan State University·JournalScience Advances·DateJun 5, 2024

OU one of four funded by NCCN for innovative prostate cancer research

The University of Oklahoma has been awarded a $1.2 million grant to lead a Phase 1B clinical trial for the treatment of prostate cancer when it begins to spread beyond the prostate. The trial combines two existing drugs, relugolix and enzalutamide, which may provide more effective treatments for aggressive prostate cancer patients.

SourceUniversity of Oklahoma·DateJun 5, 2024
Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope

Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope combines portable Schmidt-Cassegrain optics with GoTo pointing for outreach nights and field campaigns.

Simple headlines attract more online news readers

A recent study published in Science Advances found that simpler headlines tend to be clicked on more than complex ones. Researchers evaluated over 30,000 real-world field experiments from the Washington Post and Upworthy, finding that simplicity was a key factor in attracting online readers. The study identified three hallmarks of simp...

SourceOhio State University·JournalScience Advances·TypeExperimental study·DateJun 5, 2024

Electrified charcoal ‘sponge’ can soak up CO2 directly from the air

Researchers from the University of Cambridge developed a low-cost and energy-efficient method to make materials that can capture carbon dioxide directly from the air. The charged charcoal sponge uses reversible bonds with hydroxides to capture CO2, requiring lower temperatures and renewable electricity for regeneration.

SourceUniversity of Cambridge·JournalNature·DateJun 5, 2024

Study shows AI-driven cyberattacks can inflict damage on GDP and supply chains for the world’s largest economies

A new study by the Society for Risk Analysis explores the impact of AI-driven cyberattacks on global economies, supply chains, and trade. The research found that these attacks can cause significant declines in real GDP, trade prices, and volumes, as well as disruptions to trade routes, particularly among heavily reliant digital economies.

SourceSociety for Risk Analysis·JournalRisk Analysis·DateJun 5, 2024
Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C)

Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C) provide clear calls and strong noise reduction for interviews, conferences, and noisy field environments.

YALE NEWS: Early life experiences linked to racial disparities in cognition

A new study led by Yale researchers found that attending segregated schools significantly contributes to cognitive decline and cognition disparities between older Black and white Americans. The study analyzed data from a large representative sample of the U.S. population, assessing the quality of education provided and individuals' per...

SourceYale University·JournalJAMA Internal Medicine·DateJun 5, 2024

Mind the gap: Italian moms with 3+ kids work far fewer years than dads, while Finland shows equality

A study by Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research found that Italian mothers with 3+ children have a significantly shorter working life (7.6 years) compared to fathers (18.3 years). In contrast, Finland shows minimal differences in working life between mothers and fathers, with both working for pay for about 17.4 years.

SourceMax Planck Institute for Demographic Research·JournalEuropean Journal of Population / Revue européenne de Démographie·DateJun 5, 2024

Tiny crop-health sensors could help cut the cost of groceries

Researchers developed a compact sensor system with infrared imaging capabilities that can be fitted to drones for remote crop monitoring. The system can rapidly switch between edge detection and detailed infrared imaging, allowing farmers to pinpoint specific crop needs and boost harvests.

SourceRMIT University·JournalNature Communications·TypeExperimental study·DateJun 5, 2024

Effect of Y substitution on the microstructure, magneto-optical, and thermal properties of (Tb1-xYx)3Al5O12 transparent ceramics

Researchers found that Y2O3 adds solubility to the ceramics, suppressing secondary phases and improving transparency. The study also discovered that Y substitution reduces Verdet constant and thermal conductivity, with potential applications in magneto-optical ceramics for Faraday isolators.

SourceTsinghua University Press·JournalJournal of Advanced Ceramics·DateJun 5, 2024
Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C)

Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C) keeps Macs, tablets, and meters powered during extended observing runs and remote surveys.

The Lancet Psychiatry: One in six people who stop antidepressants will experience discontinuation symptoms as a direct result, finds most comprehensive study to date

A systematic review and meta-analysis of over 20,000 patients found that one in six to seven patients will experience discontinuation symptoms directly caused by stopping the medication. Severe symptoms occurred in about 3% of patients, with certain antidepressants increasing the risk.

SourceThe Lancet·JournalThe Lancet Psychiatry·TypeMeta-analysis·DateJun 5, 2024
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

Unlocking the world around us for next-gen antibiotics

A global research team identified 863,498 promising antimicrobial peptides in marine and soil environments, as well as human and animal guts, to combat antimicrobial resistance. The findings come with a renewed focus on combatting the growing number of superbugs resistant to current drugs.

SourceQueensland University of Technology·JournalCell·TypeExperimental study·DateJun 5, 2024

BU study: Black-specific incarceration rates are associated with Black firearm homicide rates

A new study from Boston University finds that increased Black incarceration rates contribute to rising firearm violence in Black communities. The research highlights the impact of mass incarceration on social disorganization and single-parent households, exacerbating violence in already vulnerable populations.

SourceBoston University School of Medicine·JournalJAMA Surgery·TypeCase study·DateJun 5, 2024

Tiny tropical puddle frogs show that protecting genetic variation is essential for animals to survive the climate crisis

Scientists studied genetic variation in African tropical rainforest frogs to identify areas vulnerable to the climate crisis. High environmental variation fosters high genetic variation, but populations with low genetic variation are at risk of extinction. The study suggests preserving habitats with high genomic variation could help sp...

SourceFrontiers·JournalFrontiers in Conservation Science·DateJun 5, 2024

Breaking down barriers: ROCK2 inhibition facilitates drug delivery in fibrotic pancreatic cancer

Researchers developed a human pancreatic cancer fibrotic barrier model to assess treatment strategies and test efficacy of therapeutic interventions. Inhibition of ROCK2 pathway resulted in reduced ECM remodeling and improved tissue permeability for drugs, highlighting its potential for enhancing drug delivery in PDAC.

SourceOkayama University·JournalJournal of Controlled Release·TypeExperimental study·DateJun 5, 2024
Meta Quest 3 512GB

Meta Quest 3 512GB enables immersive mission planning, terrain rehearsal, and interactive STEM demos with high-resolution mixed-reality experiences.

Pro-inflammatory diets are associated with higher levels of the heart failure biomarker NT-proBNP, with potential implications for cardiovascular risk, per study of more than 10,000 US adults

A study of over 10,000 US adults found a strong association between pro-inflammatory diets and elevated NT-proBNP levels, indicating potential increased cardiovascular risk. The research suggests that dietary inflammatory index may be an important factor in heart failure biomarker levels.

SourcePLOS·JournalPLOS ONE·DateJun 5, 2024

Virginia Tech researcher's team discovers 'missing' sea sponges

A team of researchers led by Virginia Tech's Shuhai Xiao discovered a 550 million-year-old sea sponge that challenges previous theories about its evolution. The fossil, found in China, suggests that early sponges may have had soft-bodied skeletons and only later developed mineralized structures.

SourceVirginia Tech·JournalNature·TypeObservational study·DateJun 5, 2024

Most older adults don’t know about resources that can help them navigate aging & caregiving

A new poll reveals that most older adults are unaware of available resources to help them navigate aging and caregiving. Only a small minority have used programs like Area Agencies on Aging, State Health Insurance Assistance Programs, and long-term services and supports. The findings highlight the need for more awareness about these se...

SourceMichigan Medicine - University of Michigan·DateJun 5, 2024
Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter

Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter is a trusted meter for precise measurements during instrument integration, repairs, and field diagnostics.

Many firearm owners can’t recognize when a cable lock is properly installed

A Rutgers University study found that many firearm owners lack knowledge about proper cable lock installation, with only 98.3% correctly identifying correct installation on a rifle. The study suggests that education and awareness are crucial to ensure the effectiveness of cable locks in securing firearms.

SourceRutgers University·JournalJAMA Network Open·TypeSurvey·DateJun 5, 2024

Chasing down a cellular ‘short circuit’

A team of researchers at University of California San Diego has identified a biochemical mechanism that can interrupt cellular communication chains, disrupting the signaling pathways related to many diseases. The discovery highlights the importance of growth factors and G protein-coupled receptors in cell signaling.

SourceUniversity of California - San Diego·JournalScience Signaling·DateJun 4, 2024
GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter

GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter logs beta, gamma, and X-ray levels for environmental monitoring, training labs, and safety demonstrations.

How can we make good decisions by observing others? A videogame and computational model have the answer

Researchers developed a computational model to understand key decision-making processes, showing how group rewards improve performance. A videogame model inferred sequences of decisions from visual data, revealing the importance of balancing exploration and resource usage in collective behavior.

SourceTechnische Universität Berlin – Science of Intelligence·JournalNature Communications·DateJun 4, 2024

Gold nanoparticles that selectively emit left-/right-handed light

Researchers found that chiral gold nanoparticles exhibit high selectivity for left- or right-handed circularly polarized light with a dissymmetry factor of approximately 0.7, outperforming previous materials. The findings suggest potential applications in anti-counterfeiting and quantum information using circularly polarized light.

SourceNational Institutes of Natural Sciences·JournalAdvanced Optical Materials·TypeExperimental study·DateJun 4, 2024

Virus that causes COVID-19 can remain in sperm for 110 days after infection

Researchers found SARS-CoV-2 in male reproductive cells even when PCR testing failed, revealing a prolonged infection period of up to 90 days. The virus can remain in sperm for 110 days, reducing semen quality and raising concerns for natural conception and assisted reproduction.

SourceFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo·JournalAndrology·DateJun 4, 2024

Taking care of caregivers of children with ADHD

A new 13-week group-based parent training program, Well Parent Japan (WPJ), has been shown to be effective in reducing parenting-specific stress, improving parenting efficacy, and reducing family strain for Japanese mothers of children with ADHD. The program provides social support and encourages shared learning amongst participants.

SourceOkinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST) Graduate University·JournalJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateJun 4, 2024

Tomato skin secrets unlocked: a genetic leap for enhanced crop performance

Researchers at Sun Yat-sen University have identified a tomato exocarp-specific promoter that enhances fruit quality, durability and shelf life. The SlPR10 promoter regulates genes for anthocyanin and wax production, resulting in fruits with improved defense systems against environmental stressors.

SourceNanjing Agricultural University The Academy of Science·JournalHorticulture Research·DateJun 4, 2024
Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor

Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor tracks ventilation quality in labs, classrooms, and conference rooms with long battery life and clear e-ink readouts.

Accelerating the R&D of wearable tech: Combining collaborative robotics, AI

The team created a prediction model that generates sustainable products with high accuracy and explores the vast design space of aerogel assembly. Their strong and flexible aerogels have programmable mechanical and electrical properties, opening up new possibilities for green technologies.

SourceUniversity of Maryland·JournalNature Communications·DateJun 4, 2024

Rocky shores of Pacific Northwest show low resilience to changes in climate

Researchers found that sessile invertebrates like mussels and barnacles became more abundant during the study period, while seaweed species like kelps declined. The rocky shore communities did not return to their baseline conditions after the epidemic ended, suggesting low resilience to changes in temperature and predator numbers.

SourceOregon State University·JournalNature Ecology & Evolution·TypeObservational study·DateJun 4, 2024

Smart thermostats provide sleep insights at home

A new study found that smart thermostats can identify three distinct sleep quality clusters with clear variations in duration, disturbances, and efficiency. Machine learning models were used to discern sleep quality indicators from eight terabytes of data collected from 178,706 households.

SourceAmerican Academy of Sleep Medicine·JournalSLEEP·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateJun 4, 2024

Researchers explore the neurobiological basis of child abuse by maltreating mothers

A study using diffusion tensor imaging found reduced white-matter structural features in maltreating mothers' brains, linked to impulsivity and voluntary movement control. The findings suggest potential physiological causes underlying child abuse and represent a crucial step towards developing effective prevention strategies.

SourceUniversity of Fukui·JournalScientific Reports·TypeImaging analysis·DateJun 4, 2024
Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply

Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply powers sensors, microcontrollers, and test circuits with programmable rails and stable outputs.

Wearable brain imaging gives clearest ever picture of children’s developing brain

A novel wearable brain scanner has given the clearest ever picture of young children's developing brains, measuring electrical brain activity with millisecond-by-millisecond precision. The study, published in eLife, opens up new possibilities for tracking developmental milestones and neurodevelopmental conditions like autism.

SourceUniversity of Nottingham·JournaleLife·TypeExperimental study·DateJun 4, 2024

Comparative study on dual vs single cardioversion for atrial fibrillation in obese patients

A recent study published in JAMA Cardiology found that dual direct-current cardioversion is significantly more effective than single cardioversion in restoring sinus rhythm in obese patients with atrial fibrillation. The study demonstrated a 98% success rate for dual cardioversion, compared to an 86% success rate for single cardioversion.

SourceOchsner Health System·JournalJAMA Cardiology·DateJun 4, 2024

Videoconferencing gets older adults moving as health lessons put to practical use

A 12-week health education program using videoconferencing software showed improved physical activity and adherence to health advice compared to a control group. The study suggests that videoconferencing can be an effective tool for promoting sustainable behavioral changes among older adults, regardless of location or distance.

SourceOsaka Metropolitan University·JournalJournal of Aging and Physical Activity·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateJun 4, 2024

Researchers developed a model that allows a computer to understand human emotions

A new AI model developed by researchers at the University of Jyvåskilö can predict and respond to human emotions, improving user experience. The model simulates cognitive evaluation processes to assess emotional responses to events, enabling computers to preemptively predict and mitigate negative emotions.

SourceUniversity of Jyväskylä - Jyväskylän yliopisto·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateJun 4, 2024
Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only)

Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only) delivers reliable low-light performance and rugged build for astrophotography, lab documentation, and field expeditions.

How tumor stiffness alters immune cell behavior to escape destruction

Researchers found that tumor-associated macrophages respond to physical properties of fibrosis by synthesizing injury-associated collagens, resulting in metabolic changes that suppress CTL function. This provides an alternative explanation for why anti-tumor immunity is impaired in fibrotic solid tumors.

SourceSanford Burnham Prebys·JournalNature Cancer·TypeExperimental study·DateJun 4, 2024

Laser-based 3D printing: A powerful tool to advance optical microscopy

Researchers developed a laser-based 3D printing method to fabricate high-quality micro-spheres for enhanced optical resolution. The new approach enabled the creation of a micro-sphere with near-perfect geometric quality and exceptional surface smoothness.

SourceLight Publishing Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics And Physics, CAS·JournalLight: Advanced Manufacturing·DateJun 4, 2024
Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)

Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4) runs demanding GIS, imaging, and annotation workflows on the go for surveys, briefings, and lab notebooks.

AI detects more breast cancers with fewer false positives

A study published in Radiology found that AI significantly improved breast cancer detection and reduced false-positive findings. The AI system detected more cancers while lowering the rate of unnecessary recalls, reducing radiologist workload by 33.4%.

SourceRadiological Society of North America·JournalRadiology·DateJun 4, 2024

Surgical site infection rates and other secondary outcomes decrease dramatically at multi-state hospital system through standardized, preoperative, surgical, antibiotic practices

A six-state hospital system reported significant decreases in surgical site infections, mortality, length of stay, and readmissions after implementing a comprehensive SSI prevention bundle. Orthopedic patients showed the most benefit, with a 32.8% reduction in SSI rates.

SourceAssociation for Professionals in Infection Control·DateJun 4, 2024

New test detects more cases of cervical cancer

A new molecular test WID-qCIN detects significantly more cancers and precancerous stages than current methods, identifying 100% of invasive cervical cancer and 93% of serious precancerous lesions. The test reduces the need for colposcopy examinations by 40%, improving the effectiveness of screening programs.

SourceKarolinska Institutet·JournalNature Medicine·DateJun 4, 2024

Duke-NUS breakthrough discovery identifies first step in allergic reactions, paving the way for new preventative strategies

Scientists at Duke-NUS Medical School have identified how mast cells release bioactive chemicals after encountering allergens, a critical step in anaphylactic shock. The discovery could lead to the development of drugs to prevent severe reactions and offers new hope for millions with asthma and food allergies.

SourceDuke-NUS Medical School·JournalNature Immunology·TypeExperimental study·DateJun 4, 2024

US drug-related infant deaths more than doubled from 2018 to 2022

Drug-involved infant deaths in the US increased by 120% from 10.8% in 2018 to 24.4% in 2022, with the highest proportion occurring in 2021. The most common causes of death were assault, poisoning, and psychostimulants.

SourceFlorida Atlantic University·JournalJournal of Perinatal Medicine·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateJun 4, 2024
AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope

AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope supports teaching labs and QA checks with LED illumination, mechanical stage, and included 5MP camera.

Olivine unlocks the secrets of the Moon’s interior

Researchers investigate partition coefficients of first-transition row elements in olivine and silicate melt to understand petrogenetic processes in planetary basalts. The study reveals the role of Cr-rich cumulates in lunar basalts and implications for reducing conditions in the lunar mantle.

SourceEhime University·JournalGeochimica et Cosmochimica Acta·DateJun 4, 2024

ASCO: Proton therapy demonstrates advantages in Phase III head and neck cancer trial

A Phase III trial led by the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center found proton therapy to be non-inferior to traditional radiation therapy in treating head and neck cancer. The study revealed a significant reduction in malnutrition and feeding-tube dependency with proton therapy.

SourceUniversity of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateJun 4, 2024