Researchers developed PriorFusion, integrating semantic, geometric, and generative shape priors to improve road element perception in complex urban scenarios. The method outperforms state-of-the-art methods in difficult scenarios like intersections and occluded areas, achieving an overall mAP of 70.4%.
A new framework, MARL-OD-DA, offers a promising answer to making AI truly scalable and reliable for real-time traffic assignment. The approach redesigns learning agents at the origin–destination level, utilizing Dirichlet-based continuous actions to achieve stable and high-quality solutions under dynamic travel demand.
The review highlights alarming trends in AMR, including rising resistance to last-line antibiotics, regional disparities, and the rapid spread of resistant genes through global travel and agriculture. Innovative drug combinations and precision-based treatment strategies offer hope in reclaiming control over this growing crisis.
A team of researchers proposes a novel attention-based graph neural network to estimate network-wide traffic flow across multiple cities. The model leverages correlations between road traffic flow and urban characteristics, such as building structures, human activity, infrastructure connectivity, and dynamic traffic conditions.
Researchers found that diversifying crops and integrating livestock improves farm efficiencies and ecosystem services in the US Midwest. Increasing crop diversity results in up to 65% increase in productivity stability and 28% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions.
A study conducted during the 2024 French elections found that information about immigrants' deservingness traits, such as motivation to work and learn French, reduces negative beliefs about immigration. The intervention also produced modest reductions in opposition to immigration, with effects persisting one week after the intervention.
Researchers at Pusan National University have discovered a new, faster method for treating lightweight magnesium metals using electropulsing technology. The technique, which involves applying electric pulses to the metal, can accelerate grain growth and improve mechanical properties.
A study found that Japanese eels thrive in rivers with higher summer water temperatures, particularly those with farmland and urban land uses. Volcanic geology also plays a role, as younger formations result in cooler rivers and may limit the species' expansion.
The 2024 report shows improved care quality and accessibility across China, with a rise in early gastrointestinal cancer detection and improved colonoscopy quality indicators. Despite progress, regional disparities persist and costly treatments for IBD remain a challenge.
Researchers introduce a universal, nondestructive direct photolithography method for QD patterning, enabling precise control over fragile surface chemistry. The study demonstrates high-resolution patterns exceeding 10,000 pixels per inch and boosts device efficiency.
Scientists have observed changes in brain cells' signal transmission during learning processes, shedding light on the brain's adaptability. The study found that axon initial segments, responsible for generating electrical signals, can lengthen or shorten in response to experiences, influencing neuronal activity.
Researchers used robotics and 'click' chemistry to synthesize over 700 metal complexes in a week, identifying six potential new lead compounds. An iridium-based antibiotic candidate showed high effectiveness against bacteria while being non-toxic to human cells.
A new international study found significant changes in gut bacteria at the onset of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a condition that affects the digestive system. The study reveals a loss of beneficial anaerobic bacteria and an increase in oxygen-tolerant bacteria, which may trigger inflammation.
Researchers have engineered a protein that can detect the faintest incoming chemical signals of brain cells, allowing for real-time decoding of neural activity. This breakthrough enables scientists to understand the complex cascade of electrical activity underlying learning, memory, and emotion.
A large national study found that even occasional cannabis use among teens can lead to worse school performance and emotional distress. The more frequently teens used cannabis, the greater the risk of these problems. Experts recommend frank conversations with teens about cannabis risks.
Researchers have determined that computational devices must dissipate at least as much heat as the useful information transmitted, challenging earlier views of communication costs. This finding has implications for building energy-efficient systems and could inspire future computer architecture.
Researchers designed a novel SAM to optimize hole transport in inverted PSCs, replacing 4PACZ with an extended π-conjugated dinaphtho[2,3-c:2',3'-g]carbazole. This leads to improved performance and stability, surpassing 24.32% PCE.
Researchers identified Netrin-1 as a host factor that inhibits HBV entry into hepatocytes, disrupting viral attachment and internalization. Synthetic peptides derived from Netrin-1 sequences exhibited potent anti-HBV activity, providing a potential novel therapeutic strategy for chronic hepatitis B.
Free-living amoebae are becoming a major public health threat due to their ability to survive harsh conditions and act as 'Trojan horses' for other harmful microbes. Climate warming is expected to worsen the problem, with recent outbreaks linked to recreational water use raising global concern.
Researchers constructed a pH-responsive nanovaccine using Lycium barbarum-derived carbon dots to enhance anti-tumor immunotherapy. The vaccine demonstrated high antigen-loading capacity, efficient tumor microenvironment-triggered release and improved immune activation in vitro and in vivo.
Researchers found that adding biochar with beneficial microorganisms like Trichoderma significantly reduced cadmium stress in crops while improving soil health. The combination restored photosynthetic capacity, biomass production, and enzyme activity, making it a promising solution for sustainable agriculture and soil remediation.
Researchers used causal AI to extract insights from ARPES data of cesium vanadium antimonide, a kagome superconducting material. The technology revealed that the chemical bonding state of cesium atoms strongly influences the electronic state of the V3Sb5 layer, responsible for superconductivity.
Global climate change intensifies extreme weather events like heatwaves and droughts, altering wildfire patterns worldwide. The study quantifies the impact of 'hot drought' on 2025 LA wildfires, showing an increased risk by up to 210%. Additionally, strong Santa Ana winds played a significant role in fire spread.
A team of researchers developed a multi-material, multi-module microrobot that can grab, carry and release microscopic objects. The microrobot features two parts: one reacts to pH changes to grip an object, while the other responds to magnetic fields for movement.
Researchers developed an anode-free lithium metal battery that delivers nearly double driving range using the same battery volume. The battery's volumetric energy density of 1,270 Wh/L is nearly twice that of current lithium-ion batteries used in electric vehicles.
A team of engineers at Universiti Sains Malaysia has developed a novel surface-imprinted polymer grafted onto ordered mesoporous silica, which achieves high selectivity for chloramphenicol removal. The adsorbent demonstrated excellent reusability and thermodynamic properties, making it an efficient solution for water purification.
Researchers have developed a new additive, 2-FBSA, to address interfacial challenges in lithium metal batteries. The additive regulates both electrode interfaces effectively, accelerating Li+ transport kinetics and improving battery cycling stability. This results in prolonged battery lifetime and outstanding capacity retention.
A new study by Tsinghua University Press presents a highly integrated, stretchable sensor array capable of detecting pressure, strain and inferring material hardness. The system achieves 100% classification accuracy in classifying fruits with different hardness levels and maturity stages.
Scientists have synthesized a new cathode material with enhanced capacity and stability, addressing the issue of irreversible oxygen release in solid electrolytes. The Cr-substituted material improves the structural stability of the battery by stabilizing the lattice oxygen and alleviating voltage decay.
Researchers developed a multi-dimensional analysis model to understand self-driving vehicles' behavior, incorporating perceptual and behavioral intelligence. The model enables rigorous evaluation of interactive cognition abilities, supporting human-vehicle-friendly interaction and fostering public trust.
Researchers at Tsinghua University Press propose integrating AI technology into launch vehicles to address challenges of high-frequency launches and reliable flights. The system aims to achieve hour-level test, inspection, and decision-making times for large launch vehicles.
Tofersen, a new drug approved by the FDA, has been shown to delay disease progression and stabilize symptoms in people with a genetic form of ALS. Long-term use of tofersen slows ALS disease progression and death in about one-quarter of participants, leading to stabilization or improvement in strength and mobility.
A new study suggests that well-designed school meal programmes can simultaneously improve child nutrition, reduce long-term diet-related illness, lessen climate pressures, and stimulate resilient food systems. Providing a healthy, sustainable meal to every child by 2030 could generate substantial health and environmental gains worldwide.
A comprehensive review of prior research found no evidence that menopause hormone therapy increases or decreases dementia risk in post-menopausal women. The study included data from over 1 million participants and analyzed the impact on mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease, with no significant association found.
A systematic evidence review finds that cannabis products with higher levels of THC provide short-term pain relief, but at the cost of increased side effects. CBD-based products, on the other hand, show almost no benefit in reducing pain.
Researchers created detailed maps of the human genome's three-dimensional organization across time and space, revealing how genes interact and fold as cells function. The study provides a powerful framework for predicting which genes are likely to be affected by pathogenic variants.
Researchers found that early communication between three pairs of brain regions is associated with favorable six-month functional outcomes. The study identified signature patterns in resting-state functional MRI data that can strengthen standard prognostic methods for assessing outcomes after moderate-to-severe brain injury.
The study reveals that MCL1 directly influences the mTORC1 complex, controlling bioenergetics and tumorigenesis in cancer cells. Genetic analyses also show that MCL1 inhibitors inhibit mTOR signaling, addressing a previously unresolved problem in cancer therapy.
Researchers tested Spatial Computing theory by examining neural activity and brain wave patterns in animals performing working memory and categorization tasks. The findings support the theory's predictions, including that alpha/beta waves represent task controls and rules, while spiking activity carries sensory information.
According to a University of Arizona-led study, scientists are discovering new species at a rate that far exceeds extinction. The team analyzed taxonomic histories of 2 million species and found an average of more than 16,000 new species each year, including insects, plants, fungi, and vertebrates.
A systematic review found that cannabis products with higher THC concentration provide small improvements in pain and function, but at the cost of increased risks of common adverse events. CBD-only formulations showed no benefits. Long-term research is needed to guide patients and policymakers.
Researchers at China Jiliang University have developed a comprehensive review of metasurfaces for generating and controlling perfect vortex beams. The advancements in this field offer new possibilities for high-precision optical applications.
Researchers found altered gene expression in the brain's stress-processing hub, and inhibiting signaling pathways reduced relapse-like behavior. However, blocking both signals simultaneously cancelled this effect, highlighting potential risks of combining treatments.
Researchers studied two plant species with different types of centromeres, finding that the holocentric chromosomes developed independently. The study reveals a complex interplay of gene mutations, epigenetic changes, and DNA expansion driving centromere evolution.
Researchers found that low doses of tetracycline, ampicillin, kanamycin, and streptomycin increase resistant bacteria and stabilize resistance through increased oxidative stress and membrane permeability. Long-term exposure to such low-level antibiotics leads to faster and more persistent expansion of resistant bacteria.
Researchers discovered a new method for excluding water in covalent organic frameworks, leading to more efficient solutions for air pollution. The approach reveals that mismatches between simulations and experiments can be powerful clues for material design.
The Idaho National Laboratory has selected five companies to conduct end-user experiments on the Microreactor Application Research Validation and Evaluation (MARVEL) project. The selected teams will explore innovative applications of MARVEL, including powering data centers with nuclear energy and demonstrating desalination technologies.
The Idaho National Laboratory has successfully delivered the first batch of tri-structural isotropic (TRISO) particle fuel to the Transient Reactor Test Facility, paving the way for Project Pele's demonstration microreactor. This fuel, known for its durability under high heat and radiation, is a key component in advanced nuclear reactors.
Researchers developed a new imaging technique called vCATCH to map drug binding in individual cells throughout the entire mouse body. The method revealed unexpected binding sites for two cancer drugs, providing clues about their side effects.
Contrails formed from plane exhaust meet icy air, growing into threads that trap heat and contribute to warming the planet. Combining images from geostationary and low-Earth-orbiting satellites may provide a more complete picture of contrail life and radiative properties.
Researchers found that eradicating aging cells in mice with a combination of dasatinib and quercetin reduced senescent cells, improved memory, and decreased seizures. The study's results suggest a potential new approach to treating temporal lobe epilepsy.
The platform integrates and analyzes multi-omics data from deep-sea organisms, providing a comprehensive resource for cross-species comparative and evolutionary studies. The database covers 68 species across seven phyla, with over 1,413 fossil records to support evolutionary analysis.
Theoretical physicists at MIT propose that under certain conditions, magnetic material’s electrons could form quasiparticles called “anyons” that can flow together without friction. If confirmed, it would introduce a new form of superconductivity persisting in the presence of magnetism.
A new UK-based study found that adults who experience a head injury face a substantially higher risk of attempting suicide compared to those without such injuries. The 20-year population-based matched cohort study analyzed data from over 1.8 million adults and found that people with head injuries were 21% more likely to attempt suicide.
A study found that switching to electronic medical records at HIV clinics in Malawi led to a 28% reduction in deaths after five years, with the greatest impact on children. The introduction of EMR systems prevented approximately 5,050 AIDS deaths and improved healthcare efficiency.
Households taking GLP-1 medications reduce grocery spending by an average of 5.3%, while spending at fast-food restaurants and coffee shops also decrease. Ultra-processed foods see significant declines, whereas yogurt, fresh fruit, and meat snacks experience modest increases.
A new theory proposes that consciousness arises from hybrid, scale-inseparable, and metabolically grounded biological computation. This approach challenges traditional computationalism and suggests that the brain's unique properties are essential for conscious experience.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that distinct GPCR ligands create different levels of activation by pushing the receptor through its activation steps at varying speeds. This affects the efficacy of agonists, with partial agonists getting stuck in kinetic traps and releasing G-proteins more slowly.
Researchers used long-read sequencing to analyze the nuclear genome of Amorphochlora amoebiformis, revealing an extremely high proportion of introns (74%) compared to other eukaryotic genomes. The study provides important insights into the evolutionary dynamics and potential functional roles of introns in eukaryotic genomes.
A team of researchers at Washington University in St. Louis developed a computational tool to reveal connections in the mouse suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the body's central circadian pacemaker. The study identified five functional cell types and found that a small subset of 'hub' cells are critical to SCN timekeeping.