Adding an impurity to a two-dimensional lattice structure can create defects that settle into harmony, restoring order and creating a 'screen' to protect the rest of the material. This finding could lead to new ways of engineering materials with unique properties.
A pocket-size ultrasonic nebulizer employing a novel silicon-based nozzle has been developed to improve medication delivery efficiency in inhalers. The device achieves precise control of particle size and distribution, resulting in better efficacy and reduced side effects.
Theories predicting particles smaller than the Higgs particle are now more likely due to a critical review. Researchers found no new weaknesses in these theories.
Scientists from four experiments at CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and Fermilab's Tevatron combined their data to produce the first joint result on top quark mass measurement, achieving a precise world's best value of 173.34 GeV/c2. This collaboration showcases international collaboration in particle physics.
Physicists at Fermilab's Tevatron collider have successfully detected a rare process creating single top quarks through the weak nuclear force, completing nearly two decades of research. This achievement showcases the Standard Model's prediction and provides valuable insights into fundamental particles.
Scientists at Princeton University have created a 3D video of a virus-like particle attempting to enter a cell, revealing unprecedented details about the interaction. The technique developed could help deliver drugs via nanoparticles and prevent viral infections.
Researchers at MIT have proposed an experiment using distant quasars to determine the settings of particle detectors, which could close the 'free will' loophole and provide evidence for quantum mechanics. This setup would utilize the oldest light in the universe to eliminate potential biases.
Researchers explore the physics and biology of ion beam acceleration in cancer treatment, offering greater precision and reduced damage to healthy tissue. The symposium and press briefing discuss the benefits and challenges of hadron therapy, including its potential for cost-saving accelerator designs.
Belgian scientists applied a particle physics analogy to describe exciton behaviour in two graphene layers, mimicking parallel worlds. The approach reveals swapping effects between layers under specific electromagnetic conditions, similar to brane theory predictions.
The researchers developed a theoretical model that explains macroscale fluid convection induced by plasmonic nanostructures. They found that the ITO layer is critical for distributing thermal energy and creating fluid convection, enabling new applications in lab-on-a-chip environments.
Physicists at Wayne State University have observed 'charm mixing' in particles, a rare process where charm quarks change into their antiparticles. The discovery could reveal new insights into the universe's matter-antimatter imbalance.
This special issue of Science China-Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy features a wide range of research articles covering surface symmetry, qubits, graphene, and more. The articles highlight the Institute of Physics CAS's achievements over the past five years.
Researchers at the University of Washington and Stony Brook University have discovered a potential link between quantum entanglement and wormholes. The study suggests that entangled particles may be connected by hypothetical features of space-time that could facilitate faster-than-light travel.
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory has detected 28 high-energy particle events from cosmic accelerators, providing the first solid evidence for astrophysical neutrinos. The signals are more than one million times more energetic than those observed in 1987 and originate from outside our solar system.
Scientists at DIII-D National Fusion Facility shed light on mechanisms that eject fast ions from plasma, enabling detailed tests of models predicting these effects in future reactors. By analyzing particle interactions with multiple waves, researchers gain unprecedented insight into fundamental wave-particle physics.
Researchers at the BESIII experiment have observed two new charged charmonium-like states, Zc(4020) and a neutral X(3872), in high-energy collisions. These discoveries suggest the existence of a previously unknown family of four-quark objects.
French researchers' oil-bath experiments provide evidence of wave-particle duality on a macroscopic scale. However, the phenomenon fails to explain entanglement, a key aspect of quantum theory.
The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) experiment has reported promising results, validating its design and performance. The detector is now beginning a process to uncover the exact identity of the dark matter particle.
The LUX experiment has excluded some possible candidates for a dark matter particle, providing evidence for its sensitivity and ruling out certain Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) hypotheses. The detection is significant as it shows that the world's best results are being produced by the detector.
Physicists from the University of Warsaw and Gdansk University of Technology discovered that polarization plays a significant role in interference between quantum particles. The research allowed for the estimation of information leakage, with potential applications in quantum cryptography.
Falling particle receiver technology uses ceramic particles to capture and store heat at higher temperatures, enabling greater thermal-to-electric efficiency. The system aims to achieve efficiencies of 50% or more, potentially leading to lower energy storage costs.
Researchers have developed a new method to clean theories and models of particle physics from uncertainties, making it easier to assess their validity. The approach could lead to the discovery of new physics, which may explain long-standing problems such as dark matter and gravity.
Physicists propose a unified framework for understanding matter, energy, space, and time. The report highlights pressing questions, such as the nature of dark matter and neutrinos, and outlines 20-year research priorities.
Researchers have developed large area picosecond photodetectors that can measure particle speed with sub-picosecond resolution and spatial precision measured in micrometers. The detectors use Atomic Layer Deposition technique and have potential applications in high-energy physics, medical imaging, and homeland security.
Researchers at Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique detect deviations in B meson decay consistent with New Physics predictions. The findings suggest the existence of a new particle, Zprima, which could explain dark matter and gravitational interactions.
Scientists have discovered a massive particle accelerator in the Van Allen radiation belts, revealing that particles are sped up by a local energy source. This discovery answers a longstanding question and will help make predictions of space weather conditions.
The Wayne State University REU program provides funding for 10 students to work with faculty mentors on cutting-edge research projects in astrophysics and particle/nuclear physics. The program aims to give students a real-life research environment and contribute to ongoing research projects.
Sandia National Laboratories researchers found that charging and discharging rates are limited by phase transformation initiation, contradicting previous assumptions. They used X-ray microscopy to study ultrathin slices of a commercial-grade battery, revealing a mosaic pathway of lithium-ion movement.
Andrew Ivanov, a Kansas State University physicist, has received the Department of Energy Early Career Research Award to study the Large Hadron Collider. He aims to find a partner particle to the top quark and improve the Compact Muon Solenoid Pixel Detector system.
Researchers have demonstrated a new type of quantum phenomenon called Klein tunnelling for two interacting particles. By crossing an energy barrier together, the particles can tunnel through what would otherwise be impassable to individual particles.
Researchers at JQI establish a new record for heralding efficiency, detecting entangled photons with 84% accuracy. This achievement paves the way for tighter loopholes over quantum reality and potentially random number generation.
A large cohort study found that long-term exposure to fine particle matter and road traffic noise are associated with atherosclerosis. Exposure to PM2.5 and proximity to major roads increased aortic calcification, while night time noise also showed a borderline increase in thoracic aorta calcification.
The UC San Diego/Open Science Grid collaboration successfully processed massive LHC data using SDSC's Gordon Supercomputer, providing crucial input for international planning meetings on particle physics. The project helped define the future research agenda and accelerated the search for dark matter.
The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) collaboration has released the first published results from its experiment on the International Space Station, measuring the ratio of positrons to electrons in cosmic rays with unprecedented precision. This key finding may eventually provide evidence for the existence of dark matter.
Researchers describe a new technique based on particle physics that could reveal the composition and characteristics of the deep Earth. The approach relies on a hypothetical fifth force of nature, which could help reconcile conflicting scientific lines of evidence.
INRS researchers are working on a compact particle accelerator that uses laser wakefield acceleration to produce ultra-short and coherent light sources. This technology has the potential to advance photonics research in Canada and develop new technologies for clinical settings.
Researchers create entangled pair of photons with 50m and 144km separation, demonstrating non-causal quantum eraser effect. The choice of measurement on one photon determines the wave-like behavior of its twin, regardless of distance or time.
The Higgs boson's detection completes the standard model of particle physics, where particles interact with a Higgs field to obtain mass. Researchers used a $5.5-billion-dollar atom-smasher and two massive particle detectors to spot the elusive boson.
Physicists have demonstrated a new type of quantum entanglement using three particles, building on Einstein's original ideas. This experiment may lead to the creation of hybrid quantum systems with multiple unique properties.
Davide Gaiotto has won a $100,000 New Horizons in Physics Prize for emerging work as a young researcher, while Stephen Hawking received a $3 million Fundamental Physics Prize for his path-breaking discoveries about black holes. Perimeter Institute congratulates its researchers on these major international awards.
Six Berkeley Lab scientists, from various divisions, were elected APS Fellows in 2012 for their outstanding research and contributions to the physics enterprise. These individuals represent a high count for a single institution, with only half of one percent of APS members being elected as Fellows annually.
Richard Seto and Jing Shi, professors at the University of California, Riverside, have been elected APS Fellows for their innovative work in relativistic heavy ion physics and spin transport in organic semiconductors. Their research has led to significant discoveries in the study of hadronic matter and Quark Gluon Plasma.
Researchers observed a long-theorized exception to time reversal symmetry, finding certain particle types change into one another six times more often in one direction than the other. The BaBar experiment provided clear conditions for a direct measurement of time violation, confirming quantum field theory.
Physicists at the University of Bristol have made a significant breakthrough in understanding the nature of light by demonstrating its wave-particle duality. The experiment, published in Science, shows that photons can exhibit both wave-like and particle-like behavior simultaneously, resolving a long-standing debate in quantum mechanics.
The University of Notre Dame has received a five-year, $6.1 million NSF grant to support the QuarkNet program, which provides research experiences for high school teachers and inspires STEM education. The program aims to develop scientific literacy in students and attract young students to careers in science and technology.
Two groundbreaking papers from the CMS and ATLAS experiments announce the discovery of the elusive Higgs boson, marking a major milestone in particle physics. The observation confirms the Standard Model of particle physics and validates theories explaining how elementary particles can have mass.
The University of Texas at Arlington is developing a universal version of the PanDA workload management system, funded by a $1.7 million grant from the US Department of Energy. The new software aims to improve the analysis of large datasets in particle physics and other fields.
A new ultra-sensitive biosensor can identify single virus particles in solution, revolutionizing early disease detection. The technique detects smaller viruses like Polio and antibody proteins, which could diagnose diseases earlier and speed up treatment.
A team of researchers has developed a nanomechanical device that can weigh individual molecules, enabling biologists to study viruses and probe molecular machinery. The device uses vibrational modes to determine particle mass and position, opening doors for biomedical applications such as disease diagnosis and immune system monitoring.
Researchers have developed a universal model for concentrating and extracting enzyme pairings, which could lead to breakthroughs in biotechnology and biomedical applications. The approach involves using baited nanoparticles to capture and recycle enzymes, allowing for efficient isolation of complex systems.
Majorana particles may form the basis of quantum computers, while also being linked to dark matter. Theoretical physicists at Dartmouth College have proposed a model suggesting Majoranas could exist in topological superconductors.
Researchers develop method to measure individual particle charge, allowing for precise control over nano particles' behavior. This enables improved understanding of nanoscale phenomena and potential applications in medicine.
Higgs excitations have been observed in a two-dimensional quantum gas near absolute zero temperature. The phenomenon, associated with spontaneous symmetry breaking, can lead to coordinated collective motion and is crucial in the Standard Model of Particle Physics.
Recent eruptions demonstrate the vulnerability to ash dispersal, which can disrupt aviation and cause billions of dollars in economic loss. Scientists now understand that particle size is determined by post-eruption collisions, not just initial fragmentation.
Physicists at UMass Amherst were instrumental in the preliminary observation of a new particle, potentially the Higgs boson. The UMass team's contributions to the ATLAS project have been significant, particularly in muon identification and reconstruction.
Physicists at the Large Hadron Collider have observed a new particle, sparking hopes that it could be the elusive Higgs boson. The discovery is based on data collected in 2011 and 2012, with more analysis expected later this year.
University of Oklahoma physicists collaborated with 1,700 U.S. scientists on the Higgs boson search project. The international effort resulted in the discovery of a new particle consistent with the Higgs boson.
The US Department of Energy supports the search for the Higgs particle through the Large Hadron Collider. Thousands of American scientists and graduate students contributed to this research.
Southern Methodist University (SMU) physicists have designed a key component of the world's largest physics experiment at CERN. The new high-speed fiber-optic data link, supported by the US Department of Energy, will be 75 times faster than the current link, enabling scientists to analyze vast amounts of data more efficiently.
The Tevatron experiments have found a strong indication of the Higgs particle's existence, pointing towards a mass between 115 and 135 GeV/c2. The data analysis of 500 trillion collisions shows a statistical significance of 2.9 sigma in the bottom-quark decay mode.