Does the universe have a rest frame?
An experiment aims to resolve divergence between special relativity and standard model of cosmology by precisely measuring particle mass. The results may indicate whether the universe has a resting frame.
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Universe's ultraviolet background could provide clues about missing galaxies
Astronomers have developed a way to detect the ultraviolet (UV) background of the Universe, which could help explain why there are so few small galaxies in the cosmos. The UV radiation strips smaller galaxies of the gas needed to form stars, effectively stunting their growth.
New model explains the formation of supermassive black holes in the very early universe
A new simulation model describes the formation of supermassive black holes in the early universe, proposing that massive gas clouds collapse directly to seed these behemoths. This alternative model, known as the Direct collapse black hole model, suggests that inefficient gas cooling is necessary for this process.
Why the discovery of a bevy of quasars will boost efforts to understand galaxies' origins
The discovery of over 60 extremely distant quasars nearly doubles the known number, offering a unique window into the early universe. Studying these 'lighthouses' of the cosmos will help understand how galaxies developed and interacted with supermassive black holes.
Yale-led team puts dark matter on the map
A Yale-led team has created one of the highest-resolution maps of dark matter ever produced, providing a detailed case for its existence. The map, derived from Hubble Space Telescope Frontier Fields data, closely matches theoretical predictions and offers insights into the universe's structure and galaxy formation.
Quest to settle riddle over Einstein's theory may soon be over
A new study suggests that determining the speed of gravity in the cosmos from gravitational waves could resolve the puzzle. If gravitational waves are found to travel at the speed of light, it would rule out alternative gravity theories and support Einstein's Cosmological Constant.
Ancient signals from the early universe
Theoretical physicists at the University of Basel have calculated the signal of specific gravitational wave sources that emerged fractions of a second after the Big Bang. These oscillons, predicted by Einstein, can be used to study the universe's early stages and provide information on major astrophysical events.
Tracing the cosmic web with star-forming galaxies in the distant universe
Research uses galaxy distribution and weak lensing to map cosmic web, finding that star-forming galaxies play a more prominent role in the distant universe. The study provides new insights into galaxy evolution and the structure of the cosmos.
Study reveals substantial evidence of holographic universe
Researchers have found substantial evidence supporting a holographic explanation for the universe's irregularities, as much as there is for traditional theory of cosmic inflation. A holographic universe is one where all information is contained in a 2D surface on its boundaries.
How fast is the universe expanding? Quasars provide an answer
The H0LiCOW collaboration has made a new measurement of the Hubble constant using quasars and gravitational lensing. The result agrees with recent independent studies but disagrees significantly with cosmic microwave background measurements, potentially indicating new physics beyond the standard cosmological model.
SourceEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne·JournalMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society·DateJan 26, 2017
Astronomers measure universe expansion, get hints of 'new physics'
The Hubble Constant measurement by the H0LiCOW collaboration hints at 'new physics' beyond the standard model of cosmology. The team used gravitational lenses to measure the universe's expansion rate, which is crucial for confirming or refuting the current picture of dark energy and dark matter.
SourceUniversity of California - Davis·JournalMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society·DateJan 26, 2017
Cosmic lenses support finding on faster than expected expansion of the universe
Astronomers using the Hubble Space Telescope have made an independent measurement of the universe's expansion rate, consistent with earlier findings but in disagreement with measurements from the early Universe. The study uses galaxies as giant gravitational lenses to determine the Hubble constant to a high precision.
SourceESA/Hubble Information Centre·JournalMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society·DateJan 26, 2017
Research supports role of supernovas in measuring pace at which the universe expands
A team of researchers led by David Cinabro found that Type Ia Supernovas can be used to measure the pace at which the universe expands. The study challenges recent headlines suggesting these explosions cannot be relied upon for this purpose.
SourceWayne State University - Office of the Vice President for Research·JournalMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society·DateJan 6, 2017
Research reinforces role of supernovae in clocking the universe
Researchers at University of Chicago and Wayne State University reaffirm the reliability of Type Ia supernovae for measuring cosmic distances. The findings contradict recent claims that these supernovae are inconsistent in their brightness.
SourceUniversity of Chicago·JournalMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society·DateJan 4, 2017
Russian physicists measure the loss of dark matter since the birth of the universe
Scientists measured the proportion of unstable particles in dark matter after the Big Bang, finding it was no more than 2-5%. This discrepancy can be explained by decaying dark matter hypothesis, suggesting dark matter decayed over time.
New antimatter breakthrough to help illuminate mysteries of the Big Bang
Swansea University researchers have conducted the first precision study of antihydrogen, a key step towards understanding why matter and antimatter exist. By measuring the spectrum of light emitted from excited antihydrogen atoms, they hope to shed light on the Big Bang's central question: what led to the creation of our universe.
Images of faraway galaxies shed new light on dark matter
Scientists have gained fresh insight into dark matter, a key component of the universe. Using powerful telescopes to analyze distant galaxies, they found that dark matter is less dense and more evenly spread throughout space.
SourceUniversity of Edinburgh·JournalMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society·DateDec 7, 2016
Theory that challenges Einstein's physics could soon be put to the test
Researchers have predicted a testable figure for the spectral index, which could confirm their theory that the speed of light was variable in the early universe. The team's model suggests a value of 0.96478, close to current estimates, and could lead to modifications of Einstein's theory of gravity.
Large number of dwarf galaxies discovered in the early universe
Astronomers have discovered a large population of distant dwarf galaxies that could reveal details about star formation in the early universe. These galaxies are 10 to 100 times fainter than previously observed galaxies, but produce more than half of the ultraviolet light during this era.
Physicists make it possible to 3-D print your own baby universe
Researchers have created a 3D printed map of the cosmic microwave background, providing a new way to visualize the oldest light in the universe. This innovation uses 3D printing technology to represent temperature differences as bumps and dips on a spherical surface, allowing anyone to appreciate the structure of the early universe.
The universe is expanding at an accelerating rate -- or is it?
A team of scientists found that the evidence for an accelerating expansion of the universe may be flimsier than previously thought, with data consistent with a constant rate of expansion. The study challenges the standard cosmological concept and suggests that dark energy, a mysterious substance driving this acceleration, may not exist.
The rise and fall of galaxy formation
A team of astronomers charted the rise and fall of galaxies over 90 percent of cosmic history using the FourStar Galaxy Evolution Survey. They discovered young galaxies that existed as early as 12.5 billion years ago, with diverse structures and star formation patterns.
How we escaped from the Big Bang
Associate Professor Dr Joan Vaccaro's research resolves an anomaly in conventional physics by introducing 'T violation', forcing the universe and us into the future. This breakthrough reveals how time evolution and conservation laws emerged, allowing for aging and a flow of time.
Cosmology: Lore of lonely regions
Researchers from LMU Munich analyzed data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey to calculate the dynamics of cosmic voids. Their findings demonstrate that the analysis of voids is a suitable approach to investigating gravity in empty regions and determining the total density of matter in the universe.
Much ado about nothing: Astronomers use empty space to study the universe
Researchers have developed a new strategy to probe the nature of gravity and dark energy by studying the empty spaces in between galaxies. The study found that analyzing cosmic voids improves measurements of how visible matter clusters together, bringing astronomers closer to testing Einstein's general theory of relativity.
Did the LIGO gravitational waves originate from primordial black holes?
The LIGO-Virgo collaboration's detection of binary black holes could be evidence of primordial black holes formed after the Big Bang. The observation would guide theories about the universe's early days and provide crucial clues about dark matter.
NASA's Hubble looks to the final frontier
The Hubble Space Telescope has explored the farthest objects in the universe, unveiling a warping-of-space phenomenon predicted by Einstein. The telescope has magnified images of galaxies much farther away, allowing astronomers to study the early universe and understand dark matter.
Astronomers map a record-breaking 1.2 million galaxies to study the secrets of dark energy
Scientists mapped 1.2 million galaxies in a 3D map to study the properties of dark energy and its impact on the universe's expansion rate. The map reveals the effects of dark energy, allowing astronomers to measure the amount of matter and dark energy in the present-day universe.
SourceInstituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC)·JournalMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society·DateJul 14, 2016
Dark energy measured with record-breaking map of 1.2 million galaxies
A team of physicists and astronomers has created the largest-ever three-dimensional map of distant galaxies to measure dark energy's effects on the universe's expansion. The Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) program reveals the structure of the universe over 650 cubic billion light years.
SourceDOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory·JournalMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society·DateJul 14, 2016
Accelerating research into dark energy
Researchers at UCL have created a new approach to simulate virtual universes, allowing for accelerated research into the effects of dark energy and dark matter. By comparing results from large studies to computational models, scientists can gain more accurate predictions and explore alternative versions of these mysterious substances.
SourceUniversity College London·JournalMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society·DateJul 6, 2016
Astronomers release spectacular survey of the distant universe
The Ultra-Deep Survey (UDS) has mapped an area four times the size of the full Moon to unprecedented depth, revealing over 250,000 galaxies detected within the first billion years after the Big Bang. Astronomers will study early stages of galaxy formation and evolution using these images.
Universe becoming cleaner as cosmic dust gets mopped up by stars, astronomers reveal
Astronomers have observed the early formation of galaxies and found that stars were forming inside them much faster in the past. The rapid star birth is using up more cosmic dust, which is becoming cleaner as the universe evolves.
Hubble nets a cosmic tadpole
Astronomers discovered a rare cosmic tadpole galaxy, LEDA 36252, with its bright head and elongated tail. The galaxy features surprisingly young stars with a total mass equivalent to 10,000 Suns, indicating a recent burst of star formation triggered by the accretion of primordial gas.
Scientists begin modeling universe with Einstein's full theory of general relativity
Researchers use new computer codes to create accurate models of the universe and its contents, shedding light on the evolution of the universe and the growth of structure within it. The study confirms that small-scale structures produce significant effects on larger distance scales, providing new insights into gravity and cosmology.
RIT professor predicts a universe crowded with black holes
A new study in Nature predicts hundreds of massive black hole mergers each year observable with the second generation of gravitational wave detectors. The model takes into account differences in binary black hole production across the universe.
ALMA detected the most distant oxygenstem 2
Astronomers using ALMA detected a clear signal from oxygen in a galaxy 13.1 billion light-years away, revealing insights into cosmic reionization. The detection of ionized oxygen is crucial for understanding the early Universe and the formation of galaxies.
Scientists detect most distant signs of oxygen in the universe
Researchers detected gas containing oxygen in a galaxy 13.1 billion light years away, providing insight into ancient times. The discovery helps scientists understand the universe's reionization and the nature of its first stars.
SourceKavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe·JournalScience·DateJun 16, 2016
Universe's first life might have been born on carbon planets
Astronomers may discover these 'diamond worlds' around rare carbon-enhanced metal-poor stars, which formed in the early universe. Carbon-based life is thought to be universal, supporting the possibility of life on these unusual planets.
SourceCenter for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian·JournalMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society·DateJun 7, 2016
NASA's Hubble finds universe is expanding faster than expected
Astronomers refine universe's expansion rate with unprecedented accuracy, reducing uncertainty to 2.4 percent. The new value of 73.2 kilometers per second per megaparsec indicates the distance between cosmic objects will double in 9.8 billion years.
Astronomers confirm faintest early-universe galaxy ever seen
Researchers confirm detection of faintest early-universe galaxy using gravitational lensing, shedding light on the cosmic dark ages. The discovery could help explain how these mysterious periods ended and has implications for our understanding of the universe's evolution.
SourceUniversity of California - Los Angeles·JournalThe Astrophysical Journal Letters·DateMay 23, 2016
You were right: Rotational motion is relative, too, Mr. Einstein!
Researchers demonstrate that rotational motion in the universe follows general relativity principles, connecting it to dark energy content and inertial dragging. The study yields a prediction that 73.7% of the present content of the universe is in the form of dark energy.
New test by deepest galaxy map finds Einstein's theory stands true
A team of researchers has created a 3D map of 3000 galaxies 13 billion light years away, finding that Einstein's general theory of relativity is still accurate. The study suggests the expansion of the universe could be explained by a cosmological constant.
SourceKavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe·JournalPublications of the Astronomical Society of Japan·DateMay 11, 2016
NASA team set to fly balloon mission seeking evidence of cosmological inflation
The PIPER (Primordial Inflation Polarization Explorer) balloon mission aims to detect primordial gravitational waves and prove the universe expanded faster than light after the Big Bang. The discovery could establish a link between gravity and quantum mechanics, resolving long-standing puzzles in physics.
Numerical simulations shed new light on early universe
Numerical simulations using BURST code reveal insights into the role of neutrinos, nuclei, and other particles in shaping the early universe. The research aims to investigate existing puzzles of cosmology, including dark matter and dark radiation.
Numerical simulations shed new light on early universe
The BURST code simulates conditions during the first few minutes of cosmological evolution to model the role of neutrinos, nuclei and other particles in shaping the early universe. This allows physicists to investigate existing puzzles of cosmology, including the nature and origin of visible matter and dark matter.
Behemoth black hole found in an unlikely place
Astronomers have discovered a record-breaking supermassive black hole weighing 17 billion suns in the center of a galaxy in a sparsely populated area of the universe. The massive object's size defies expectations, as it is 10 times more massive than predicted for a galaxy of its mass.
Supermassive black holes may be lurking everywhere in the universe
Researchers found a supermassive black hole with an estimated mass of 17 billion solar masses in the galaxy NGC 1600, located 200 million light-years from Earth. This discovery suggests that these massive objects may be more common than previously thought and could be living in smaller galaxies.
Hunting for Big Bang neutrinos that could shed new light on the origin of the universe
Researchers are using a facility at Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory to detect Big Bang neutrinos, which could provide new insights into the birth of the cosmos. The project aims to measure the mass of these particles and explore their role in the evolution of the universe.
Deciphering compact galaxies in the young universe
A team of researchers discovered 80 young galaxies in the early universe, with at least 54 being spatially resolved. Computer simulations confirmed that many of these galaxies are actually merging pairs, triggering intense star formation activity. This study sheds light on the formation and evolution of compact galaxies.
The expansion of the universe simulated
Physicists at Université de Genève developed a new code that simulates the rotation of space-time and gravitational waves in the formation of large-scale structures. This allows for more precise calculations than current codes, enabling the study of dark energy's role in the universe's expansion.
Hubble team breaks cosmic distance record
The team has shattered the cosmic distance record by measuring GN-z11, a surprisingly bright infant galaxy seen as it was 400 million years after the Big Bang. The observations reveal that GN-z11 is growing fast, forming stars at a rate about 20 times greater than our galaxy does today.
Celestial bodies born like cracking paint
A Duke University theorist proposes that the universe's varied body sizes are a result of internal tension release through hierarchical formation. This concept is rooted in Bejan's constructal law, which states that flowing systems will tend towards easier architecture by releasing tension through smaller, more numerous bodies.
Solved! First distance to a 'fast radio burst'
A team of scientists has confirmed that a 'fast radio burst' originates in the distant universe, using CSIRO radio telescopes and the National Astronomical Observatory's Subaru telescope. The breakthrough allows researchers to weigh the normal matter in the universe, confirming the presence of missing ordinary matter.
NASA introduces new, wider set of eyes on the universe
The Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST) will aid researchers in unraveling the secrets of the universe by studying dark energy and dark matter. The observatory will discover new worlds outside our solar system and advance the search for life-suitable planets.
HKUST-Harvard Scientists discovered ways to clock the beginning of the Universe
Scientists propose using 'primordial standard clocks' to label and reconstruct the expansion or contraction history of the primordial universe. This method enables researchers to distinguish between competing scenarios and verify the evolutionary history of our universe.
New theory aids search for universe's origin
A new theory suggests a novel way to probe the beginning of space and time, shedding light on initial conditions. The researchers propose using 'primordial standard clocks' to put time labels on seed fluctuations, allowing for the distinction between inflation and contraction scenarios.
SourceUniversity of Texas at Dallas·JournalJournal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics·DateJan 25, 2016
Galaxy cluster environment not dictated by its mass alone
Researchers found that galaxy clusters' surroundings are shaped by their formation history, not just their mass. The study used gravitational lensing to confirm the connection between cluster mass and dark matter environment.
SourceKavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe·JournalPhysical Review Letters·DateJan 25, 2016
Theorists propose a new method to probe the beginning of the universe
Researchers propose a novel approach to determine the origin of the universe by analyzing variations in the cosmic microwave background. The new method identifies
SourceCenter for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian·JournalJournal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics·DateJan 25, 2016
New theory of secondary inflation expands options for avoiding an excess of dark matter
Physicists propose a smaller secondary inflationary period to account for the universe's estimated dark matter abundance. This new theory suggests a 'hidden sector' of physics, where interactions dilute primordial particle abundances, leaving behind the observed dark matter density.
Green pea galaxy provides insights to early universe evolution
A team of scientists has found that compact dwarf galaxies, like the green pea galaxy J0925+1403, could explain cosmic reionization by ejecting ionizing photons into the intergalactic medium. This discovery opens a new avenue for understanding the early universe's 14 billion-year history.