A new study from Carnegie Institution reveals that plant proteins undergo extensive modification by sugars, similar to animals, but also unique to plants. This process impacts various cellular functions and developmental tasks, such as flower development and responses to specific plant hormones.
Remote sensing maps reveal new regions for conservation effort in Peruvian forests, identifying previously unknown assemblages and assessing the effectiveness of current protections. The approach links biodiversity and functional diversity, providing a roadmap for detecting critical omissions in regional networks.
Scientists discover a new phenomenon of metastability in liquids, creating a metastable liquid directly by decompression below the melting point. The results could be important for developing new materials and understanding planetary interiors.
Analysis by Carnegie's Marion Le Voyer and Erik Hauri has doubled the world's known finds of mantle carbon, revealing a more complex distribution than previously thought. The team studied tiny magmatic inclusions trapped inside solid crystals that protected them from degassing during magma ascent and eruption.
Researchers create large sample size of ST12-germanium, confirming its semiconductor and optical properties. The material has a tetragonal structure and indirect band gap, making it suitable for infrared detection and imaging technology.
Research reveals that large gem diamonds, like Cullinan and Lesotho Promise, formed from pure carbon crystalized in a pool of liquid metal. The study provides insights into deep Earth processes and oxygen availability in the mantle.
Research reveals how plants regulate their response to elevated temperatures differently between daytime and nighttime. A plant's response to heat stress is maximized during the hottest part of the day when TOC1 binds to PIF4 inhibiting its activity at night.
A five-year study found BioEYES significantly improves elementary, middle school, and high school students' science knowledge and positive attitudes towards science. The program increased students' ability to imagine themselves as scientists, with the greatest effect on attitude changes among younger students.
When we eat fatty foods, our body's response is coordinated between digestive organs, nervous system, and gut microbes. Intestinal cells undergo interior remodeling in response to fat influx, including changes in nuclear shape and gene activation.
A team of citizen scientists and professional astronomers have discovered an unusual exoplanet hunting ground, finding the oldest known circumstellar disk orbiting a young star. The discovery, led by Steven Silverberg, reveals a red dwarf star with a warm disk that has sustained its disk for an exceptionally long time.
Researchers have demonstrated that horizontal gene transfer may play a major role in compensating for genome reduction in endosymbionts. This process involves the acquisition of genes from neighboring bacteria through horizontal gene transfer, which fills gaps in organelle-localized biosynthetic pathways.
Researchers found that increasing satellite cell numbers can increase muscle regeneration and stifle degeneration. Muscles with genetically modified TEAD1-expressing fibers showed a six-fold increase in satellite cells, allowing for faster repair after injury.
A quantitative model considers different rates of sea-level rise and economic factors to show optimal adaptation strategies. Researchers found that a buffer zone along the shoreline might make more sense if the sea level is going to rise quickly, but building near the coast could be suitable if buildings don't last very long.
Astronomers analyze Kepler observations of KIC 8462852 and find the star dimming slowly for almost three years before suddenly losing 2% of its brightness. The star's unusual behavior has sparked speculation about comets, alien megastructures, or planetary collisions, but the new findings will make it harder to explain.
Theoretical modeling work resolves debates on dwarf galaxy formation by accurately predicting their properties. The new simulation brings theoretical predictions into better agreement with observations of dwarf galaxies surrounding the Milky Way.
The Jasper Ridge Global Change Experiment found that warming had negative effects on plant growth, while elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide showed no consistent response. Plant growth peaked when precipitation was close to historic averages, highlighting the need for ambitious climate action to stabilize warming and protect ecosystems.
A team of Carnegie scientists has discovered three giant planets in a binary star system composed of stellar 'twins' that are also effectively siblings of our Sun. The findings may help explain the influence that giant planets like Jupiter have over a solar system's architecture.
A team of astronomers charted the rise and fall of galaxies over 90 percent of cosmic history using the FourStar Galaxy Evolution Survey. They discovered young galaxies that existed as early as 12.5 billion years ago, with diverse structures and star formation patterns.
Astronomers have found a potentially habitable exoplanet, Proxima b, orbiting the red dwarf star Proxima Centauri, just 11 days from its parent star. The planet's mass is at least 1.3 times that of Earth and orbits within the star's habitable zone.
New research on brown dwarfs has found that atmospheric properties may be behind their incredible variation in size, temperature, chemistry, and more. The discovery may also apply to planets outside the solar system, making brown dwarfs a valuable tool for studying exoplanet evolution.
A study by Carnegie Institution for Science and University of California Irvine surveyed top atmospheric scientists, finding that 76 out of 77 rejected the existence of a secret spraying program. Experts attribute alleged 'chemtrails' to airplane contrail formation and poor data sampling.
A study by Carnegie Institution for Science found that climate summaries are comparable to reference texts in reading comprehension level, but can be improved with less jargon and enhanced multimedia.
Researchers at Carnegie Institution have produced a new class of materials blending hydrogen with sodium, which could advance superconductivity and be used for hydrogen-fuel cell storage. The discovery confirms theoretical predictions and opens up possibilities for metallic high-temperature superconductors.
Astronomers have reclassified UGC 1382 as a colossal Giant Low Surface Brightness disk galaxy that rivals Malin 1 in size, with spiral arms visible in ultraviolet light. The galaxy is about 7 times the diameter of the Milky Way and has similar amounts of stars and gas to Malin 1.
Researchers discovered that grasses reduce crown root growth in response to drought, conserving water for future use. This adaptation allows crops to improve yields and preserve groundwater resources.
Researchers found that a protein called b1-integrin is crucial for muscle regeneration in aged muscles. The team's study provides a promising target for therapeutic intervention to combat muscle aging or disease. By restoring the function of b1-integrin, regenerative abilities were restored to youthful levels in mice with aged muscles.
Researchers have discovered ways to harness the development of stomata in grasses to boost carbon dioxide uptake and water efficiency. By rewiring the systems regulating stomata formation, scientists can improve growth performance in crops like maize, rice, and wheat.
The Carnegie Institution for Science has published a study on the distances of brown dwarfs and low-mass stars, using the CAPSCam instrument. The study reveals accurate distance measurements for 134 objects, including 38 previously unmeasured brown dwarfs.
A new study led by Carnegie Institution's Greg Asner reveals diverse forest communities in the Andes and Amazon regions that break long-held ecological rules. The research uses high-fidelity imaging to create large-scale maps of leaf nutrients, offering key findings on forest responses to climate change.
New research suggests that Earth's ancient magnetic field had multiple poles and fluctuated wildly in terms of intensity. The findings propose a new hypothesis for the solidification of the inner core and its impact on the magnetic field.
Researchers find intermediate state between gas and metal, allowing heat to escape from gas giant planetary interiors. The 'dark hydrogen' layer is metallic, conducting electricity poorly but playing a role in planetary magnetic field generation.
A team of scientists has discovered that dormant volcanoes exhibit predictable quiet periods immediately before eruptions. Longer quiet periods indicate a bigger eruption. This discovery allows for the forecasting of impending eruptions and could revolutionize volcanic monitoring.
A team of Carnegie scientists has identified a form of iron oxide that resembles pyrite, which they believe could be responsible for seismic and geothermal signatures in the deep mantle. The discovery sheds new light on Earth's formation and evolution, and may even offer an alternative explanation for the Great Oxygenation Event.
Researchers discovered that iron's ability to transmit heat matches previous estimates, suggesting energy necessary for geodynamo has been available since early Earth's history. The study used a laser-heated diamond anvil cell to mimic planetary core conditions and study iron's thermal conductivity.
Allan Sandage's last paper reveals that physicist George Gamow and astronomer Walter Adams had previously discovered subgiants in the 1940s, which would have accelerated the development of stellar evolutionary theory. The study shows that these early findings were largely ignored due to biases in the time.
A team of researchers found material dating back to shortly after Earth's formation in rock formations from Baffin Island and the Ontong-Java Plateau. The discovery sheds light on the planet's internal dynamics over its last 4.5 billion years, providing new insights into the chemistry and processes that shaped our planet.
Researchers discovered a protein, EPYC1, that enables green algae to efficiently capture CO2 from the air. This finding is crucial for harnessing algae's power in agriculture, which could enhance crop yields by up to 60%.
Researchers recreated high-pressure conditions to study iron isotope fractionation, shedding light on Earth's core composition and planetary history. The study identified potential light elements in the core, including oxygen, silicon, and sulfur, and provides a new understanding of the planet's geochemical evolution.
A 1917 glass plate from the Carnegie Observatories' collection shows the first-ever evidence of a planetary system beyond our own Sun. The plate's spectrum revealed heavier elements, such as calcium and iron, which were expected to have disappeared into the star's interior due to their weight.
Astronomers have identified a young and bright planet-like object, 2MASS J1119-1137, which is only 10 million years old and four to eight times the mass of Jupiter. This discovery provides valuable insights into giant planets outside our Solar System and offers a unique opportunity to study these objects.
Astronomers discovered a tiny, ancient galaxy that contains seven stars with heavy elements formed through rapid neutron captures, a process more common in rare cosmic collisions. The findings suggest that the heaviest elements on Earth originated in neutron star mergers.
A study found that ocean acidification worsens during nighttime hours in tide pools along California's rocky coast. The increasing acidity harms calcifying organisms like mussels and oysters by dissolving their calcium carbonate shells and skeletons.
Researchers found that human activities have transformed the land biosphere into a contributor to climate change by overwhelming its ability to soak up carbon dioxide. This discovery reverses conventional thinking on human impacts on terrestrial carbon uptake.
A team of scientists led by Patrick Peplowski used MESSENGER mission data to confirm a high abundance of carbon at Mercury's surface. The carbon most likely originated deep below the surface, in an ancient graphite-rich crust that was later brought to the surface through impact processes.
Recent research demonstrates that some bacteria use the CRISPR/Cas system to recognize and destroy segments of RNA from invading viruses. This novel approach could provide a new tool for fighting viral infections and offers insights into the complex interactions between bacteria and their environment.
Scientists have identified a protein crucial to assembling the photosynthetic apparatus, which protects it from oxygen's disruptive effects. This discovery sheds light on the early history of photosynthesis and its adaptation to changing atmospheric conditions.
Researchers discover that mammalian egg cells acquire essential cellular components from their undifferentiated sister cells, called germ cells. This mechanism, previously only documented in lower animals, is believed to play a crucial role in the unique properties of eggs.
Scientists have found that ocean acidification is already slowing coral reef growth, with the potential for widespread devastation if left unchecked. Researchers manipulated seawater chemistry in a natural ecosystem to determine the impact of excess CO2 on coral reefs.
A team of scientists has reevaluated the authenticity of ancient Australian chert microstructures, which were once claimed to be the planet's oldest fossils. The researchers assert that at least a portion of these structures are actually pseudo-fossils, formed through geological processes rather than biological activity.
Researchers at Carnegie Institution explore the rules behind metallic glasses, materials that are stronger and more resistant than traditional metals. By studying alloys under extreme pressures, they found a consistent numeric relationship between structure and properties, which could aid further discovery and synthesis.