Scientists are exploring ways to develop innovative therapies for treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by understanding the role of deregulated protein kinases, or MAPKs. Elevated levels of these enzymes in NSCLC tissue have been linked to tumor progression and immune evasion.
A new German Research Foundation Priority Program explores how cells utilize phase separation to perform novel functions. The program aims to understand the collective behavior of intrinsically disordered proteins, which have been termed the dark proteome.
The Gutenberg Research College awarded four new fellows and recognized Adela Yarbro Collins and John J. Collins with a 2018 Gutenberg Research Award worth EUR 10,000. The GRC supports top-level researchers through funding that enables them to promote science and the arts.
The Life Sciences - Life Writing research training group will receive EUR 2.2 million in funding to explore the correlation between new biomedicine developments and human boundary experiences. The program aims to generate alternative perspectives on what it means to be human, combining natural sciences, medicine, and humanities.
Antiferromagnetic materials enable terahertz processing rates, increasing data density and writing speed. This breakthrough technology overcomes the limitations of ferromagnetic materials, allowing for faster data transfer and processing.
Four young researchers from abroad receive EU Individual Fellowships to initiate new research projects in physics and palaeogenomics. They will investigate topics such as spin transport, Higgs boson interactions, population dynamics, and quantum physics.
A recent study published in International Journal of Cardiology found that exposure to extreme noise annoyance increases the incidence of atrial fibrillation by up to 23%. Aircraft noise is identified as a major source of noise pollution, with 84% during the day and 69% at night. The study highlights the importance of measuring noise a...
The DynaMORE project aims to develop a personalized computer model that can measure and enhance psychological resilience in individuals. The model will provide support to those experiencing difficult stages of life or trauma, offering recommendations to improve resilience and prevent stress-related problems.
A team of physicists controlled magnon spin currents using a spin valve structure, allowing for the implementation of a switch-like device that suppresses or forwards magnon current as an electrical signal. The discovery enables wave-based computing and improved energy efficiency in data processing.
An international team analyzed ancient genomes of 40 early medieval people from southern Germany, revealing a diverse genetic profile among women with artificially deformed skulls. Genetic analysis points to eastern European origins and suggests long-range female mobility bridging cultural spaces.
A new research project at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz investigates the lifestyle of German-acculturated Jews in Latvia during the interwar period. The study aims to explore their cultural interactions with Germans and how they were perceived by the population.
Researchers have proposed a new method of treating multiple sclerosis by using the EGFL7 protein to stabilize the blood-brain barrier and prevent immune cell migration. This approach has shown promise in model trials, reducing clinical symptoms and improving treatment outcomes.
Researchers found that geological events like mountain formation and wetland disappearance drove diversification of Annonaceae plant genera in Central and South America. The study used DNA data and molecular clock technique to reconstruct the phylogenetic history of 11 Mosannona and 24 Cremastosperma species.
A team of scientists deployed the ERICA instrument on a DC-8 aircraft to measure chemical composition of aircraft exhaust aerosols. They tested different kerosene blends and biofuels to reduce soot particles and contrail formation, which could impact climate change.
The discovery suggests that the increase in oxygen in the biosphere triggered the addition of supplementary amino acids to form more functional proteins. The newer amino acids have systematically softer chemistry, making them more reactive and prone to undergo chemical changes.
Physicists at Mainz University have successfully manipulated the Néel vector orientation in metallic thin films of Mn2Au, a compound featuring much faster information-writing and stability. The discovery could lead to ultrafast and stable magnetic memory.
Scientists at Mainz University have increased the yield of their ultracold neutron source by a factor of 3.5, achieving 8.5 UCN per cubic centimeter. This improvement enables more sensitive measurements to determine the lifetime of free neutrons and is crucial for experiments in fundamental research.
Physicists at Mainz University have calculated that neutrino detectors could be useful in certain scenarios for monitoring nuclear waste. A suitable detector could detect if radioactive material had been removed without being documented, and verify the contents of a container without opening it up.
Physicists at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz have measured the proton's magnetic moment to ten decimal places, setting a new record and confirming the Standard Model of particle physics. The results show a strong similarity between protons and antiprotons, supporting the CPT symmetry.
Researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz have developed a novel synthesis strategy for highly reactive substances, overcoming the formation of polymers through electrochemical polymerization. This method uses an environmentally friendly approach with minimal reagent waste and produces only hydrogen as byproduct.
Researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz successfully demonstrated the operation of a four-qubit register comprised of atomic ions trapped in microchip traps. The achievement marks a decisive milestone for scaling up quantum computers, showcasing the potential for entangled states to be created with long-lived multipartite en...
A new technique has been developed to accelerate the maturation of stem cells into neurons, enabling faster brain tissue regeneration. The method uses a hydrogel scaffold that mimics the elasticity and adhesive properties of the human brain, promoting neurogenesis and neural cell differentiation.
Researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz found that chromosomes are likely entangled, suggesting they may be knotted. The team used mathematical algorithms to examine 3D polymer models of chromosomes and extended the models to determine if they contain knots.
Physicists measure magnetic force of antiprotons with record precision, but data reveals no difference between protons and antiprotons, confirming CPT symmetry. The BASE collaboration aims to use even higher precision measurements to find the source of matter-antimatter asymmetry.
The innovative method developed by JGU and Evonik Performance Materials GmbH allows for flexible reaction to available electricity supply, eliminating the need for customized electrolysis apparatuses. This breakthrough in electro-organic synthesis enables sustainable production of fine chemicals with minimal environmental impact.
Researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University in Mainz challenged a Spanish study on the ability of wax moth caterpillars to digest polyethylene. They found that essential signals for biochemical degradation were missing, raising doubts about the actual decomposition of plastic.
Researchers have identified genes promoting health and fitness in young worms but driving aging later in life. This discovery may have implications for treating neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
Researchers have developed multifunctional nano-sized drug carriers based on reactive polypept(o)ides, which can be manipulated to control their morphology and function. These carriers exhibit stable circulation behavior and show promise for immunotherapy of malignant melanoma.
Scientists have developed a method to control magnetic properties of materials using surface acoustic waves, which can induce rapid changes in strain and magnetization. This technique has the potential to enable low-power magnetic devices, which is key to developing memory, computing, and communication devices at the nanoscale.
Researchers found that ant species with closely related genetic backgrounds can have significantly different chemical profiles, which can change faster than other traits during evolution. Climate also influences the composition of these profiles, with species from humid regions having distinct hydrocarbon patterns.
Physicists at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz introduce a new mechanism explaining dark matter's observed quantity, suggesting instability in its early universe phase. This alternative to the WIMP theory could be tested in future experiments on gravitational waves and CERN's LHC particle accelerator.
Scientists at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz isolate and analyze gold in the rare +II oxidation state for the first time. The stabilization of this labile ion is achieved by a porphyrin macrocycle, allowing researchers to investigate its unique properties and behavior.
A recent study published in Nature Communications found that all contemporary dogs have a common origin and emerged through a single domestication process of wolves. The research team analyzed the DNA of two prehistoric dogs from Germany and found that their genomes were the probable ancestors of modern European dogs.
The German Federal Ministry of Education and Research is funding a junior research group at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz to analyze jihadist images and videos. The project aims to understand how this material proliferates online and affects various audience groups.
Researchers have gained new insights into the arrangement of stiff polymers in spherical cavities using computer simulations. The study reveals complex structures emerging on the sphere surface, including bipolar patterns and a tennis ball-like structure with four distinct poles.
The sixth volume of the German Surname Atlas offers a comprehensive survey of surnames derived from given names in medieval Germany. The research provides valuable insights into the development of the spoken language and cultural history.
Researchers discovered the role of TERRA in repairing critically short telomeres, which play a key role in determining cellular senescence. The study provides new insights into the regulation of cell senescence and survival in ageing and cancer.
Researchers have created a water-soluble molecule, dubbed molecular ruby, to measure temperature in various environments. The molecule emits different wavelengths of infrared radiation depending on the temperature, allowing for accurate contactless temperature measurements.
Johannes Henn, a leading theorist in scattering amplitudes, will develop new methods to calculate properties of the Higgs boson with greater precision. His work aims to simplify mathematical structures and improve calculations in quantum field theory.
Researchers discovered a bacterium that produces antibiotics to protect beetle eggs from fungal infections. The bacteria also can harm plants when transferred, highlighting the complex relationships between microbes and their hosts.
Researchers have discovered a new mechanism causing intestinal inflammation, linking elevated Bcl-3 protein levels to immune system imbalance. Elevated Bcl-3 triggers regulatory T-cell inactivation, leading to severe inflammatory responses.
Researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz have identified two gaseous messenger substances, nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide, as crucial for the formation of Drosophila's spatial orientation memory. This memory is retained in a small group of ring-shaped neurons in the ellipsoid body of the central brain.
Researchers at Mainz University Medical Center found that high-performance chess players can enhance cognitive functions with stimulants without compromising creative thinking. The study revealed that methylphenidate and modafinil improve chess performance in short, timed matches but not in longer games.
Researchers discovered that stingless bees have evolved larger guard bees to protect their nests from robber bees, leading to a more marked division of labor. This phenomenon is linked to the frequency of attacks by parasitic robbers, which has driven the evolution of this specialized caste.
The Augsburg Master Builders' Ledgers provide a unique window into the economic, financial, social, and cultural history of the early modern period. The digital edition, made possible by three years of work, offers a comprehensive inventory of information on the city's income and expenditure from 1320 to 1800.
Telomeres are protective caps on chromosomes that protect DNA ends from damage. Brian Luke's research focuses on the non-coding RNA TERRA, which plays a crucial role in telomere function. His lab will also investigate telomere looping, a mechanism that protects chromosome ends from degradation.
Researchers have developed a method to inhibit hazardous seawater fouling using cerium dioxide nanoparticles, mimicking the natural defense mechanism of algae. The particles block bacterial communication and prevent biofilm formation, making them an eco-friendly alternative to copper-based biocides.
The BASE collaboration has set a new benchmark in measuring the antiproton's g-factor, a quantity characterizing its magnetic moment, with unprecedented precision. The result is consistent with the predictions of the Standard Model and indicates that protons and antiprotons appear to be mirror images of each other.
Scientists at JGU and MIT achieved billion-fold reproducible motion of special magnetic textures, called skyrmions, between different positions, taking a critical step towards applying skyrmions in spintronic devices. The skyrmion Hall angle was also investigated, revealing an unexpected dependency on the velocity of the skyrmions.
Professor Ari Waisman receives prestigious Sobek Prize for groundbreaking multiple sclerosis research, enabling deeper insight into inflammatory cell role and regulation in the brain.