A new study from Karolinska Institutet suggests that individuals with inefficient fat metabolism are more likely to develop overweight and type 2 diabetes. The research found that women who were able to efficiently break down fat in their cells had a lower risk of weight gain and impaired glucose metabolism.
Cancer cells use lipid molecules as fuel when blood supply is low, helping them evade antiangiogenic treatment. A new mechanism suggests that blocking lipid energy pathways could improve cancer treatment outcomes.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discovered a previously unknown group of brain cells responsible for initiating and organizing aggressive behavior in mice. By stimulating or inhibiting these cells, the team was able to control aggression and even invert hierarchical status between dominant and submissive males.
Scientists at Karolinska Institutet have identified the cell types underlying schizophrenia, providing a roadmap for developing new therapies. The findings suggest that certain cell types contribute to the disorder and may require separate treatments.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have created a new disease model for neurodegenerative diseases like ALS and MS using the TGF-β protein. This model shows that monocytes can transform into microglia-like cells in response to TGF-β, which could lead to the development of new immunotherapies for these devastating diseases.
Research at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden links specific DNA variants to IBS in women, explaining its higher prevalence compared to men. The study found associations with constipation-predominant IBS and harder stools, reinforcing the role of sex-hormones.
A new study by Karolinska Institutet reveals that enzyme FIH determines how muscles consume oxygen, with implications for elite athletes and potential new forms of metabolism-affecting drugs.
The study found that pancreatic islets, particularly human cells releasing glucagon, play a crucial role in regulating insulin-producing cells and blood glucose levels. This discovery has important implications for diabetes treatment and transplantation using stem cell technology.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet identified a mechanism that blocks nerve fiber regeneration in spinal cord injuries, leading to permanent functional deficits. By inhibiting scar formation, they found improved functional recovery in mice, offering new hope for treating this devastating condition.
A study published in JAMA Psychiatry found that lithium treatment significantly reduces the risk of rehospitalization for individuals with bipolar disorder, with a 30% lower risk compared to no treatment. Long-acting injections of antipsychotics also showed promise, reducing the risk by 30%.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discover high number of mutations in muscle stem cells impairing cell regeneration, which may result in new medication for building stronger muscles. The study found that physical exercise could clear out cells with many mutations.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden have identified three molecules that effectively treat over 60 types of cancer cells without harming normal cells. These molecules target the TrxR1 enzyme, which supports cancer cell growth and protects them from oxidative stress.
Researchers created a detailed molecular atlas of brain blood vessels and the life-essential blood-brain barrier, providing new knowledge on cell functions and disease involvement.
A new study from Karolinska Institutet shows that exercise training enhances fat metabolism and strengthens the anti-inflammatory properties of the immune system. Daily doses of kynurenic acid activated cell receptor GPR35, converting white fat to energy-burning brown fat.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discover that oestrogen can induce neuroblastoma cells to differentiate into neuron-like cells. This finding has implications for treating aggressive forms of the disease, particularly those with high levels of the oestrogen receptor.
A study published in The Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that patients with high intra-tumour heterogeneity of the oestrogen receptor are twice as likely to die from breast cancer over a span of 25 years. This risk holds true for Luminal A breast cancer subtype, which is generally considered to have a good prognosis.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discovered that oxysterols stimulate specific immune cells to form lymphoid tissue in both health and disease. Oxysterols also contribute to chronic inflammation in ulcerative colitis, leading to tissue damage.
A new study found that genetic variations in the CYP2C19 enzyme affect escitalopram levels, leading to improved therapeutic outcomes when doses are adjusted accordingly. The research identified a significant difference between patients with high and low enzyme expression, highlighting the potential for personalized medicine.
Researchers sequenced the giant salamander genome, uncovering a family of genes that provide clues to its remarkable ability to rebuild complex tissue and resist tumour formation. The study offers new insights into regeneration and potential avenues for developing regenerative strategies for humans.
A study from Karolinska Institutet found that family members without an inherited CDKN2A mutation still have a higher risk of developing melanoma. This phenomenon, called phenocopy, is attributed to other risk-modifying genes or environmental factors within the families.
High levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly omega-3 and arachidonic acid, are associated with a reduced risk of asthma and rhinitis in children. The study found that children with higher blood levels of these fatty acids at age 8 were less likely to develop the diseases by age 16.
A new study identifies a handful of regional allergen molecules that predict the onset and persistence of respiratory allergic diseases. The findings suggest a potential for developing individualized risk prediction charts and could accelerate preventive strategies and novel treatments.
Postmenopausal hormone therapy is not linked to increased risk of stroke if initiated within five years of menopausal onset. However, there may be an increased risk for haemorrhagic stroke with certain therapies containing conjugated equine oestrogens.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discovered that Alagille Syndrome is caused by malformations of the bile ducts, leading to serious liver and heart problems. The study provides new insights into the disease and opens up possibilities for targeted therapies.
A large registry study found that older adults with inflammatory bowel disease are more likely to consume healthcare services and undergo surgery than younger patients. The study also revealed a significant difference in medication between age groups, with younger patients receiving modern immunomodulating drugs and TNF inhibitors.
Researchers discovered that T cells can thrive in oxygen-depleted environments when equipped with growth factor VEGF-A. This adaptation allows them to kill cancer cells more effectively, contrary to previous assumptions.
A new study published in The Lancet Global Health found that cerebral palsy is more common and has higher mortality in Uganda compared to high-income countries. The study, which analyzed data from over 30,000 children, suggests that cerebral malaria is a major cause of brain damage in infants.
A Swedish registry study found that dementia patients with stroke can receive thrombolysis treatment without increased risk of brain haemorrhage or death. However, those over 80 may experience worse functional outcomes and be more likely to be discharged to nursing homes.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet create cell models of human brain using skin cells from patients with lissencephaly, a rare congenital developmental disease. The study reveals that diseased cells matured slower and were less mobile compared to healthy controls.
A large study found that antireflux surgery has a low risk of complications and relapse in young, healthy males. The procedure is considered an under-used therapeutic alternative to long-term medication, which can lead to osteoporosis and other complications.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have developed a technique to monitor the maturation process of the immune system in leukaemia patients after stem cell transplantation. This study identifies patterns linked to clinical complications and provides new knowledge on the regulation and dysregulation of the immune system.
A new study from Karolinska Institutet found that CABG reduces the risk of fatal heart disease and myocardial infarction in patients with type 1 diabetes by 45% and 47% respectively, compared to PCI.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet and Uppsala University have discovered that mast cell development does not depend on stem cell factor. Instead, factors like interleukin 3 and 6 play a crucial role in their formation.
Researchers have obtained the first 3D snapshots of a sperm protein attached to a complementary egg coat protein at the beginning of fertilization. The study reveals a common egg protein architecture involved in sperm recognition in both mollusc and mammal species.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have found that a small RNA molecule in sensory neurons regulates how touch is perceived, leading to increased pain sensitivity after nerve damage. The study's results suggest that microRNA-based drugs could be a promising treatment option for chronic nerve pain.
A large-scale registry study found that high-sensitivity troponin T assay is associated with a lower incidence of cardiovascular events in patients with unspecified chest pain. The percentage of serious events dropped from 0.9% to 0.6% after introducing the new method.
A study from Karolinska Institutet shows that observing others' pain or anxiety activates the same regions in the brain involved in self-perceived pain. This sensitivity can lead to anxiety syndrome and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in some individuals.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have successfully synthesized lung surfactant, a drug used in the care of preterm babies, by mimicking the production of spider silk. The new method uses a part of the spider protein that ensures proteins remain soluble and is cheaper and simpler to produce than current methods.
A registry-based study of 2.6 million individuals found that children born preterm are 17 times more likely to suffer heart failure than those born at full term. The study also suggests that the risk may remain in early adulthood.
New research at Karolinska Institutet reveals the role of Endoglin protein in vascular formation and malformation, leading to potential treatments for vascular diseases. The study also found that reducing vascular malformation can be achieved by manipulating endothelial cells.
Researchers identified neural circuits behind sensory deficits in Parkinson's disease by studying mice with dopamine-depleted brains. The study found that treating mice with L-DOPA restored their ability to distinguish between left and right whiskers, offering new avenues for earlier diagnosis.
An international team of researchers has identified two receptors on blood vessel cells in the brain that can be blocked to prevent pneumococci from entering. Blocking these receptors with antibodies may lead to a new therapeutic strategy for pneumococcal meningitis.
A study by Karolinska Institutet measures how tau deposits spread through the brain over time, revealing individual variations in size and speed of spread. Large amounts of tau can be linked to episodic memory impairment, improving understanding of Alzheimer's disease.
A new study suggests that corticosteroid treatments given to pregnant women just hours before delivery can significantly increase the survival rate of very preterm infants. The research found that antenatal corticosteroids reduced infant mortality and severe neonatal morbidity, particularly when administered shortly before birth.
A new study from Karolinska Institutet reveals that certain 'master' regulatory proteins can activate normally inactive genome regions due to epigenetic changes, leading to embryonic development and cancer. The findings contribute to a better understanding of gene regulation and its role in diseases.
A major randomized study by Karolinska Institutet found that the most common combined oral contraceptive pill negatively affects women's quality of life without increasing depressive symptoms. The study involved 340 healthy women who reported lower mood/well-being and self-control after taking the pill compared to those given placebos.
A Swedish registry study found that individuals who self-harm are at a five-fold risk of being convicted for a violent crime compared to those who have never received clinical care. Self-harm behaviour and violent criminality may be manifestations of a common underlying vulnerability.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have developed a new tool to distinguish between immature and mature embryonic stem cells. These cells hold great potential for replacing damaged tissue and understanding early embryonic development.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have discovered that patients with schizophrenia have lower levels of the neurotransmitter GABA and altered immune cell function. These findings provide new clues to the disease mechanisms of schizophrenia, but follow-up studies are needed to determine if these changes are causes or effects.
A Swedish twin registry study reveals that bilateral tinnitus has a strong genetic component, especially in men, while unilateral tinnitus is more influenced by environmental factors. The findings have important clinical implications for diagnosis, treatment, and public health.