A study found that distinct MYB proteins regulate pigment accumulation in brown cotton, with some promoting and others suppressing proanthocyanidin biosynthesis. The research identified key genes and transcription factors involved in pigment formation, providing new insight into naturally colored cotton production.
A study reveals NtMYC2a and NtMYC2b as upstream regulators of ABA-mediated seed germination in tobacco. The proteins form a heterodimer that activates NtABI5, enhancing ABA sensitivity. The findings provide new insights into MYC2 functions beyond jasmonate-related pathways.
Researchers found that glutamic acid induces two transcriptional repressors, StbZIP53-like2 and StERF091, which suppress polyphenol oxidase genes linked to browning. This cooperative regulatory module alleviates browning in fresh-cut potatoes.
Researchers developed a deep learning method that optimizes both material layout and fiber direction for continuous fiber composite structures, reducing design time by up to 99.7% while maintaining strong accuracy. The ResUNet-GAN framework produces high-performance structural layouts directly from design parameters.
Researchers used reed straw pellets to test an internally heated system, producing biochar with stable fixed carbon content and high energy recovery. The study found that operating conditions, such as temperature and airflow rates, significantly impact biochar properties, including specific surface area and PAH concentrations.
Researchers studied five common tetracycline congeners on rice-straw-derived biochar, finding dominant hydrogen bonding between amide groups and carbonyl sites. The study revealed a clear adsorption-rate order and demonstrated the importance of structural substituents in shaping adsorption behavior.
Researchers created a biochar from orange peel with enhanced porosity and surface chemistry, achieving high methylene blue adsorption capacity. The material retained strong performance after repeated reuse under various pH and ionic conditions.
Biochar production conditions significantly impact radish growth when using poultry litter as a source material. Biochar produced at lower temperatures and applied at optimal rates can improve soil fertility, support plant development, and reduce environmental risks.
Researchers developed a high-performance sodium-ion anode material by converting discarded mobile phone batteries into NiCo₂S₄ and combining it with lignin-derived carbon. The new material achieved improved capacity, rate capability, and cycling stability, making it a promising alternative for lower-cost battery production.
Researchers created an engineered material that effectively removes ammonium and phosphate from wastewater through different chemical pathways. The biochar-based material achieved strong adsorption performance, even after repeated reuse cycles, and showed promise for phosphorus-rich waste streams.
Micro-gesture recognition is emerging as a key area of research in affective computing, focused on analyzing subtle, involuntary body movements that may reflect hidden emotional states. The field has expanded from RGB video to skeleton, audio, text, and privacy-preserving multimodal settings.
A study reviews benchmark datasets, evaluation metrics, fusion strategies, and model development in multimodal deception detection. The field is moving toward more practical, scalable, and context-aware systems that combine verbal and nonverbal evidence.
A new review reveals major blind spots in Bhutan's amphibian and reptile research, with most studies focusing on species records and ecology. The study highlights the need for deeper research on genetics, disease, physiology, and long-term conservation to strengthen conservation efforts.
A new study showcases a self-supervised AI framework that can detect concrete cracks with strong accuracy and cross-dataset generalization, outperforming several widely used supervised deep learning models. The framework achieves this without relying heavily on large labeled datasets.
The survey maps egocentric vision's major tasks, including subject understanding, object understanding, environment understanding, and hybrid understanding. It identifies bottlenecks such as limited datasets and dynamic first-person video, and highlights the need for stronger data, clearer task definitions, and deeper integration.
Researchers surveyed how transformers are integrated into graph-based recommender systems, improving handling of long-range patterns, sparse interactions, and complex heterogeneous data. The study proposes a taxonomy and design strategies for transformer-based recommender systems across various tasks.
A new study introduces a large multimodal colonoscopy dataset, ColonINST, and a lightweight colonoscopy-specific multimodal model, ColonGPT. ColonGPT outperforms existing models in three multimodal tasks and can be trained in about seven hours on two NVIDIA GPUs.
The study demonstrates that corona discharge plasma treatment effectively slows post-harvest deterioration in lily bulbs by suppressing microbial contamination, enhancing antioxidant capacity, and promoting bioactive compounds. The technology offers a safe and environmentally friendly alternative to chemical preservation methods.
Researchers found that maternal parent choice significantly impacts the drying rate of hybrid maize seeds, with faster-dehydration parents displaying lower moisture content. Differential expression analysis identified imprinted genes linked to nutrient flow and carbon metabolism, providing new insights into seed dehydration regulation.
Researchers found that two NAC transcription factors, MaNAC029 and MaNAC19, form a cooperative module regulating ethylene biosynthesis and sucrose metabolism during banana ripening. This study advances understanding of the molecular basis of banana quality formation after harvest.
Researchers identified GmJAZ8 as a key gene promoting soybean seed germination. By modulating abscisic acid and gibberellin signaling, GmJAZ8 accelerates germination by reducing dormancy-associated signaling.
A synergistic system combining cold plasma and edible coatings significantly extends cherry tomato shelf life by suppressing microbial growth, degrading pesticide residues, and maintaining fruit quality. The integrated treatment effectively preserves fresh produce by reducing decay rate, microbial counts, and improving food safety.
Researchers found that 12°C storage preserves mango firmness, slows ripening, and enhances antioxidant defenses. Storage at this temperature effectively maintains postharvest mango quality by preserving color, total soluble solids, and reducing weight loss.
T-DNA-free genome editing technologies enable precise, transgene-free crop modification, reducing biosafety concerns and increasing public acceptance. These innovative strategies leverage visual screening systems, genetic self-elimination, transient expression, and delivery mechanisms to accelerate crop breeding.
Recent breakthroughs improve transformation efficiency and broaden transformable crops, supporting global food security. Emerging strategies enhance plant regeneration and gene delivery via biologically mediated and non-biological methods.
A new study reveals that a more rational fertilization strategy can improve both productivity and quality in albino tea plantations, while preserving the crop's defining commercial trait. The optimized treatments increased yield by 22-29%, raised free amino acid levels, and strengthened soil quality.
Tea plants under nitrogen stress shift from growth- and quality-related compounds to stress-related metabolites, activating a coordinated defense strategy. This finding offers potential molecular targets for breeding tea varieties with improved nitrogen-use efficiency.
Researchers identified the most responsible compounds for golden flower white tea's unique aroma, revealing a coordinated chemical transition from fresh to fermented volatiles. The study's findings provide a practical foundation for flavor regulation and process optimization in this novel tea product.
A study published in Environmental and Biogeochemical Processes found that sustained soil warming of over 5 °C did not increase arsenic or most metal levels in grains. Despite theoretical expectations, porewater As concentrations remained relatively low and grain contamination rose only modestly.
A study found high concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and leachable metals in recycled tire rubber granules, particularly in finer fractions. The smallest particles showed stronger toxicity to soil organisms, plants, and aquatic bacteria, highlighting potential environmental and health concerns.
Researchers reveal that urban tributaries intensify water and sediment pollution risks in the Yangtze River, particularly during wet seasons. Phthalate acid esters (PAEs) are present in high levels in tributary waters and sediments, posing ecological and health risks.
A new study found that biodegradable plastics can trigger intense but short-lived spikes in antibiotic resistance genes and pathogens as they degrade. Conventional plastics, on the other hand, consistently exhibit higher levels of antibiotic resistance and genetic transfer potential, posing a chronic long-term threat to public health.
Researchers mapped mangrove soil carbon pools and found plant growth, soil chemistry, and tidal processes regulate their distribution. Black carbon, produced by incomplete combustion, is stored in mangrove ecosystems and transported to aquatic systems, influencing global carbon cycling.
A study reveals that Cyanobacteria play a central role in structuring antibiotic resistance distribution and persistence in estuarine ecosystems. The bacteria's carbon-nitrogen metabolism influences the abundance of resistance genes, highlighting a key link between ecological processes and public health risks.
A meta-analysis reveals targeted composting control measures can lower greenhouse gas emissions, suppress odors, and improve fertilizer quality. Optimized composting can retain nutrients while sharply lowering methane, nitrous oxide, and ammonia emissions.
Researchers found that A. niger can recover nearly 40% of trapped phosphorus within 15 days through microbial metabolism and selective mobilization. This bioextraction strategy has the potential to transform industrial waste into a valuable agricultural resource, reducing dependence on finite phosphate rock reserves.
High-temperature biochars create stable conditions for microbial-assisted Cd immobilization, reducing crop contamination risks. Low-temperature biochars improve soil fertility but stimulate microbial activity increasing Cd availability.
Researchers developed a new multimodal model, ColonGPT, that can perceive, describe, locate, and discuss findings in clinically useful language. The study aims to create more integrated clinical co-pilots to help doctors interpret complex scenes faster and provide timely care.
A new survey maps the major tasks in egocentric vision research, including subject understanding, object understanding, environment understanding, and hybrid understanding. The study identifies bottlenecks that limit progress, but also offers a roadmap for next-generation human-centered AI systems.
Researchers discovered that alpine grasslands could amplify climate feedbacks as warming and wetting stimulate moisture-driven denitrification. Irrigated croplands also exhibited strong N₂O emissions, highlighting the need for improved nitrogen management.
The Erhai Lake Basin is a substantial net exporter of atmospheric reactive nitrogen, with annual emissions exceeding local deposition by over 8,200 tons. Agriculture is the primary driver of ammonia emissions, while transportation sector emissions are dominated by nitrogen oxide emissions.
A study published in Nitrogen Cycling reveals that future air pollution controls will reshape oceanic nitrogen deposition, influencing marine productivity and climate feedbacks. Reducing one nitrogen pollutant alone may increase the deposition of another, emphasizing the need for coordinated NH3 and NOx management.
A study found that biochar's climate benefits vary by land-use type, with suppressed denitrification-driven N₂O in upland soils and enhanced multi-pathway N₂O production in flooded paddy soils. Precision soil management practices are crucial for scaling up biochar applications.
Researchers developed a more accurate and reliable method for nitrogen isotope analysis of atmospheric ammonia, improving source identification. The sulfuric acid method delivers higher recovery rates and reduces isotope fractionation, distinguishing between agricultural emissions from cropland, livestock, orchards, and vegetables.
Researchers developed a new photocatalyst that can efficiently remove fulvic acid from drinking water using sunlight. The catalyst, combined with persulfate, achieved 98.43% fulvic acid removal in 30 minutes, with broad activity against various pollutants.
Researchers discovered native fungal species in almond trees that can naturally suppress anthracnose disease, providing a sustainable alternative to chemical fungicides. The study identified Trichoderma viridescens and Neurospora intermedia as promising biofungicide candidates.
Humification of lignocellulosic biomass enhances soil organic carbon accumulation and stimulates microbial carbohydrate-active enzyme genes, while also promoting the enrichment of antibiotic resistance genes, particularly under higher phenolic concentrations. This trade-off highlights the need for balanced residue management strategies...
A study reveals how sludge-derived hydrothermal byproducts alter periphyton communities, reducing ecosystem multifunctionality and microbial network complexity. HAP's nutrient-rich properties also pose ecological risks, highlighting the need for careful optimization and monitoring to ensure sustainable nutrient recycling.
A study published in Agricultural Ecology and Environment demonstrates that co-pyrolysis of cotton straw and plastic mulch can significantly reduce carbon emissions and agricultural plastic pollution. The process generates biochar, which enhances soil quality and resource use efficiency, supporting sustainable cotton production.
The FLOWERS trial demonstrates a significant enhancement in clinical outcomes for NSCLC patients with EGFR and MET mutations when treated with osimertinib plus savolitinib. Patients receiving the combination regimen showed extended progression-free survival and improved tumor response rates compared to those on osimertinib alone.