Researchers discovered solid aerosol particles in the Arctic atmosphere, which can alter cloud formation and impact climate. The unique particles were formed from oceanic emissions combined with ammonia from birds, offering new insights into climate models.
Researchers developed RAILS, an immune-inspired defense system for deep neural networks, to thwart confusion-sowing attacks. The system mimics the adaptive immune system's natural defenses to identify and take care of suspicious inputs.
A recent study found that US youth who have attempted to quit e-cigarettes and failed saw a significant increase in numbers, reversing a two-decade-long decline in nicotine quit attempts among teens. This reversal is largely attributed to the growing prevalence of adolescent e-cigarette use.
Research at the University of Michigan has developed a method to quickly recognize wrong twists and chemical structures in packaged drugs using terahertz radiation. This technique could help diagnose harmful accumulations of twisted molecules in the body, including bladder stones and Alzheimer's disease.
Research from the University of Michigan predicts that pollen emissions could increase by up to 200% and allergy seasons could last 19 days longer by the end of this century. Climate change is expected to drive trees, grasses, and weeds to produce more pollen, leading to worse respiratory allergies.
A new study by researchers at the University of Michigan and Carnegie Mellon University found that automated trucking technology could replace up to 94% of operator hours in long-haul trucking. The study suggests that automation may not happen all at once, but rather be deployed in southern states with improved weather conditions.
Researchers at University of Michigan found that postpartum depression rose considerably during the pandemic, with 1 in 5 mothers experiencing major depressive symptoms. The study highlights the need for better resources and education on postpartum depression to reduce stigma and improve recovery time.
Researchers at the University of Michigan and the University of British Columbia discovered that birds switch between stable and unstable gliding to achieve agility. By manipulating their wing shape, modern bird species can modify their stability on demand.
Researchers found that replacing internal-combustion-engine vehicles with battery-electric vehicles results in significant greenhouse gas emission reductions, especially for larger vehicles. Battery-electric pickups offer the greatest reduction of 74 metric tons carbon dioxide equivalent over their lifetime.
A new University of Michigan study found that higher levels of biodiversity reduce extinction risk in birds by providing a safe harbor for species at risk. The researchers used a comprehensive dataset covering over 99% of bird species and found diverse communities protect these species, allowing them to persist.
A new study found that falls are increasing among older adults in the US, with an average annual rate of 1.5%, despite prevention efforts. The research analyzed national trends and geographic variability in fall injuries from 2016-2019.
A new study by University of Michigan researchers found that genetics play a crucial role in how our bodies respond to vaccines and booster shots. The team identified a specific form of an antibody-related gene that predicts whether boosting will be effective for increasing innate immune responses.
A University of Michigan study reveals that electrifying motorcycle taxis in Kampala, Uganda, can reduce some air pollutant emissions and increase others. The findings indicate that electrification might achieve health benefits by moving emissions away from population centers.
A newly developed open-source patient deterioration model is effective at improving care in 12 US hospital centers, surpassing the EPIC Deterioration Index by over 21% in accuracy. The model's development speed and accessibility enabled rapid validation across different health systems.
A new University of Michigan study found that pandemic pregnancies reported more distress and anxiety, but also unexpected benefits from enforced alone time. Social distancing measures contributed to increased guilt, isolation, and depression in moms, highlighting existing shortcomings in maternal care.
Researchers aim to solve quantum matrix models using computers to gain insights into gravity. The study explores how holographic duality connects two theories, with potential implications for a consistent quantum theory of gravity.
A survey of Michigan healthcare providers found increased anguish and fear due to COVID-19, with implications for mental health and worker retention. The study identified five major themes: provider health, patient care impact, burdens of personal protective equipment, decreased support during labor, and ethical challenges.
Scientists from over a dozen institutions will collect water samples, measure light levels, and net tiny zooplankton to better understand the impact of climate warming on Great Lakes ice cover, water movement, and lake biology. This event aims to fill knowledge gaps in winter limnology.
A new study involving over 100 scientists estimates that there are approximately 73,274 tree species on Earth, including about 9,200 yet to be discovered. This represents a 14% increase from the current number of known tree species.
The study found that some older adults reported reduced quality and quantity of interactions with their neighbors, while others experienced more neighborly interactions. The researchers also noted that neighborhoods with high rates of COVID-19 cases or public health misinformation were often associated with feelings of isolation.
A University of Michigan-led study found that early lockdowns in the US pandemic saved lives, but the impact of subsequent measures is more complex. The study estimated potential lives saved and lost, highlighting the ambiguity of lockdown effectiveness.
A new theory predicts a type of bond that assembles nanoparticle crystals based on entropic forces. Entropy helps create order by guiding the formation of useful structures without needing explicit attraction between particles.
A new study published in Nature Metabolism found that inhibiting the HDAC6 enzyme can decrease obesity and related health disorders in mice by improving leptin sensitivity. The treatment resulted in significant reductions in body weight, fat mass, and improvements in metabolic health, including better glucose tolerance and liver function.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have discovered a new photonic effect that can measure chirality in tiny volumes, which may help develop chiral drugs. The effect could accelerate drug discovery and screening by analyzing vast libraries of chemical compounds with high accuracy.
Researchers create complex colloidal crystals by using smaller nanoparticles that simulate electrons, breaking symmetry and enabling new materials with tailored properties. The study reveals three low-symmetry structures with no known natural equivalents, offering opportunities for advanced applications in photonics and catalysis.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have developed a new method to observe cancer cells' ability to metastasize, which could provide valuable information for treating doctors. The method uses cell magneto-rotation and machine learning to identify cells that are more likely to spread, allowing for earlier intervention.
University of Michigan scientists found that RNAs associated with an understudied cell compartment in hippocampal neurons vary greatly between sleeping and sleep-deprived mice after learning. These changes are present almost exclusively on ribosomes associated with neuronal cell membranes, suggesting a novel mechanism for memory storage.
A new genetic analysis reveals that freshwater mussel larvae's mimicry of fish attracts host fish, allowing the mussels to coexist and drive species diversity. The study found that specialized host-infection behaviors evolved over time, leading to adaptive radiation among the mussel species.
The fossil elephant cranium, dated to 4.5 million years ago, showcases unique adaptations that likely enabled Loxodonta adaurora to dominate the landscape. The cranium's raised and compressed structure suggests a novel alignment of chewing muscles suited for efficient grass shearing.
Scientists have identified a protein in the brain that uses information about the body's energy balance to regulate growth rate and the onset of puberty in children. Research findings, published in Nature, show striking similarities between humans and mice with defects in the melanocortin 3 receptor gene.
After ACL reconstruction, researchers found that quadriceps muscles contract differently, leading to a weaker and less functional muscle. This study provides new insights into the persistent weakness often observed after ACL injury.
Researchers found little-to-no differences in emotional fluctuations between men and women, contradicting long-held assumptions about hormonal influences on emotion. The study's findings have implications for research participation and understanding of emotional variability.
Researchers at University of Michigan developed a method to predict EV battery life by measuring internal resistance, providing a quick and inexpensive step in development. This approach uses low-level charge measurements to estimate battery lifespan, potentially reducing testing time from weeks to seconds.
A University of Michigan-led team discovered how mollusks build pearls with precise symmetry and layers, governed by the phenomenon of 1/f noise. The study found that pearls lack true long-range order but exhibit medium-range order, maintaining consistency and durability.
University of Michigan researchers have identified a zinc and calcium ion permeable channel within a cell's lysosome that can be targeted to selectively kill cancer cells. Targeting this channel with small molecule pharmaceuticals triggers rapid and selective cell death in cancer cells while sparing normal cells.
After a mass extinction event 66 million years ago, early snakes evolved novel dietary adaptations and prey preferences, capitalizing on the ecological opportunity. This rapid diversification of snake diets was driven by the emergence of mammals and birds as prey species.
Researchers found that mindful breathing can reduce pain by modulating the somatosensory cortex, a region responsible for processing pain. The study compared two types of meditation: traditional mindful breathing and virtual reality guided breathing, which used immersive visual and audio stimuli to decrease pain sensitivity.
A new study suggests that ground-dwelling and semi-arboreal mammals were better able to survive the mass extinction event, while tree-dwelling mammals were more likely to perish. Early primates may have maintained their arboreal habits through forested refugia or behavioral flexibility.
Researchers have discovered a way to make larger quasicrystals without defects, which could revolutionize materials science. The discovery involves a self-healing phenomenon that merges tiny crystals into larger ones, rendering them more practical for commercial use.
Researchers will compare blood samples from 400 patients with ALS to a control group to determine the impact of environmental exposures on the disease. The team aims to develop personalized treatments by understanding how environmental toxins trigger ALS progression.
Researchers at the University of Michigan developed a new nanoparticle system called CMP that significantly increases cellular uptake and triggers robust STING activation, turning 'cold' tumors into 'hot' tumors. This breakthrough could lead to improved cancer immunotherapy treatments.
Spotted hyenas remove 207 tons of animal carcass waste annually, preventing five infections of anthrax and bovine tuberculosis. This service saves the city $52,000 annually in treatment costs and livestock losses avoided.
A new machine vision system detects and quantifies radiation-induced defects in real-time, accelerating the development of nuclear components. The system uses a convolutional neural network to analyze electron microscope video frames, providing instant results on structural integrity.
Researchers discovered that earless worms can detect airborne sounds in a range of frequencies and localize the source. This finding opens a new field for studying auditory sensation and challenges the assumption that organisms without ears cannot sense sound.
A study published in Neuron suggests that graduate students can reduce mental health stress by creating structure in the lab with deadlines, well-defined work hours, and short-term goals. Cultivating a safe and collaborative lab culture is also crucial.
A study of Michigan cities under state emergency management found that the likelihood of takeover was not driven solely by financial distress, but also by factors such as race and economic status. Changes to drinking water systems were common in takeovers, often leading to poor water quality and increased bills.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have developed transparent solar cells that can achieve silicon-rivaling efficiencies of 18% while lasting over 30 years. The breakthrough design incorporates zinc oxide and a carbon-based material buffer to protect against degradation.
A new study redefines the concussion recovery process, finding it takes up to 28 days for most athletes to recover from injury. The study's lead researcher suggests reframing expectations to avoid stigmatizing concussed athletes who take longer than previously suggested recovery times.
Researchers at University of Michigan and University of Tokyo developed a system to safely deliver electricity over the air, delivering 50 watts of power using magnetic fields. The technology can untether phones, laptops, and even implanted medical devices, opening new possibilities for mobile robotics.
A new University of Michigan study analyzes 20 potential uses of captured carbon dioxide, ranking them by climate benefit. Only four pathways have a greater than 50% likelihood of generating a net climate benefit. The researchers found that using CCU to make products like concrete and chemicals could help reduce emissions.