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University of Würzburg


Navigating with the sixth sense

Researchers found that desert ants look back precisely at the nest entrance while performing pirouetting motions, suggesting they use the magnetic field as an orientation cue. The ants' ability to integrate this information with other navigational cues like the sun and landmarks is still unknown.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalCurrent Biology·DateApr 26, 2018

Why some beetles like alcohol

Researchers investigated the role of alcohol in ambrosia beetles' fungal farming, finding that increased enzyme activity allows optimal fungus growth in alcohol-rich wood. The beetles' sophisticated social care system ensures optimal symbiosis between beetle and fungus.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateApr 9, 2018

New actors identified in atherosclerosis

Researchers have identified three distinct macrophage populations that play different roles in the development of atherosclerosis. These findings provide new insights into the disease and may lead to improved treatments. The study used single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze immune cell populations in affected vessels.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalCirculation Research·DateApr 5, 2018

Pesticides give bees a hard time

A new pesticide, Sivanto, manufactured by Bayer AG, has been found to negatively impact honeybees' taste, learning, and memory capabilities. While proper use of the pesticide reduces negative effects, further research is needed to examine its influence on motor function, waggle dance, or orientation.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalScientific Reports·DateApr 5, 2018

Communication via calcium wave

Scientists have identified a complex signal chain involving the auxin hormone and calcium channels in plant cells. Calcium waves are used to communicate local auxin signals over long distances, influencing root architecture and differentiation processes.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalNature Communications·DateMar 28, 2018

The universal language of hormones

Cytokinins have been found to play a vital role in the communication mechanisms of bacteria, plants and animals, regulating growth, development and disease resistance. The research has also uncovered new details on how cytokinins evolve and activate enzymes, challenging previous assumptions.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalTrends in Biochemical Sciences·DateMar 22, 2018

Natural enemies reduce pesticide use

A study found that increasing crop diversity in agricultural landscapes reduces aphid populations and decreases the need for pesticides. This is because natural enemies of aphids, such as ladybirds and spiders, have better living conditions in diverse landscapes.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalJournal of Applied Ecology·DateMar 20, 2018

Deeper insight into viral infections

A new bioinformatics analysis method has been developed to study viral infections, revealing over 500 different proteins and peptides, including 200 previously unknown to science. This discovery improves the identification of translation events and opens up new possibilities to understand the effects of viral infections on the organism.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalNature Methods·DateMar 19, 2018

Supply bottleneck impairs nerve function

A recent study published in PNAS found that disrupted mRNA transport into axons leads to impaired nerve function and cell death, exacerbating conditions like ALS and spinal muscular atrophy. The researchers identified a noncoding RNA, 7SK, as playing a crucial role in these transport complexes.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMar 8, 2018

Controlled coupling of light and matter

Researchers have successfully harnessed the power of quantum mechanics by controlling the interaction between light and matter at room temperature. By using plasmonic nanoresonators to concentrate electromagnetic energy, they enabled the re-absorption of photons by quantum emitters with high probability.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalScience Advances·DateMar 5, 2018

DNA scissors can cut RNA, too

Scientists have discovered that the CRISPR-Cas9 protein can also cut RNA, expanding its potential uses in gene editing and virus detection. This breakthrough could lead to new treatments for genetic diseases and improved food and energy crops.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalMolecular Cell·DateMar 1, 2018

Newly designed molecule binds nitrogen

A newly designed borylene molecule has been found to bind nitrogen at room temperature and normal air pressure, surpassing the capabilities of traditional catalysts like iron and molybdenum. This breakthrough may pave the way for a more energy-efficient method to convert nitrogen into ammonia.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalScience·DateFeb 22, 2018

No sex for all-female fish species

The Amazon molly fish species has defied extinction predictions by maintaining its all-female population through asexually reproduced offspring. Its unique genetic variability, particularly in immune system genes, contributes to its survival, allowing it to rapidly grow and adapt to environmental changes.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalNature Ecology & Evolution·DateFeb 12, 2018

Polymers based on boron?

Researchers at the University of Würzburg have successfully funded a project to develop boron polymers with unique properties. The team, led by Holger Braunschweig, aims to create efficient synthetic strategies to form stable boron chains, paving the way for a new class of materials.

Clockwork under the microscope

Researchers at the University of Würzburg have discovered how honeybees manage to visit flowers at the right time and communicate this information to other bees. The study found that a specific peptide called PDF plays a central role in regulating circadian clocks, transferring day-night information to brain areas that control complex ...

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalOpen Biology·DateJan 16, 2018

Midwife and signpost for photons

Researchers from the University of Würzburg have developed a new set of rules for creating optical antennas that can precisely control photon creation and emission direction. This breakthrough has the potential to enable tiny, multifunctional light pixels and reliable single-photon sources for quantum computers and optical microscopes.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalPhysical Review Letters·DateDec 11, 2017

Digger wasps and their chemistry

Digger wasps have species-specific hydrocarbon profiles that vary according to their prey and brood-care strategy. Beetle-hunting digger wasps have more diversified profiles due to reduced need for prey preservation. The unique films are also used for defense against parasites.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalEvolution·DateNov 3, 2017

Synaptic disorder

Scientists discover dysfunctional autophagy plays a central role in motor neuron diseases, characterized by muscle atrophy and loss. The PLEKHG5 gene controls the degradation of synaptic vesicles, and its dysfunction leads to aggregation and motor neuron disorder progression.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalNature Communications·DateNov 2, 2017

Individual receptors caught at work

Researchers used single-molecule microscopy to study receptor-G protein interactions, finding specialized sites called hot spots where they meet and interact. These hot spots play a crucial role in regulating intracellular processes and may enable more precise therapeutic approaches.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalNature·DateOct 18, 2017

Matchmaking with consequences

Researchers at the University of Würzburg have uncovered key details of how Myc proteins work inside tumor cells, revealing their crucial role in cancer development. The study found that an enzyme called polymerase-associated factor 1 (PAF1) plays a significant role in amplifying Myc protein activity.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateOct 17, 2017

Breeding salt-tolerant plants

Researchers have discovered that quinoa plants can absorb and store salt in bladder cells, allowing them to thrive on saline soils. This unique adaptation enables the plant to recycle energy from sugar molecules to neutralize toxic salt.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalCell Reports·DateOct 10, 2017

On a collision course with game theory

Researchers developed a new approach to modeling pedestrian behavior in collisions, combining game theory with the Fokker-Planck equation. Experiments confirm that the calculated paths match actual paths taken, suggesting a reliable solution for optimizing public spaces.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalRoyal Society Open Science·DateSep 27, 2017

Magnetic fields to alleviate anxiety

Researchers at University of Würzburg found that transcranial magnetic stimulation can improve anxiety treatment outcomes, particularly for fear of heights. The study used virtual reality to induce fear and showed that stimulated brain regions lead to accelerated therapy responses.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalBrain Stimulation·DateSep 13, 2017

Molecular volume control

Researchers discover latrophilin/CIRL receptor's mechanism of action, using ion channels and intracellular messengers to trigger signal cascades. The study uses Drosophila larvae and super-resolution microscopy to visualize receptor location and signal transmission.

Chewing gum rapid test for inflammation

A new chewing gum-based diagnostic test can detect inflammation in the oral cavity within five minutes, allowing for early diagnosis and treatment. The test uses bittering agents to identify inflammatory conditions, which can help prevent serious complications such as bone loss.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalNature Communications·DateAug 15, 2017

Max Planck research kicked off in Würzburg

The new Max Planck Research Group for System Immunology aims to study the immune system as a whole, its interactions with the organism, and its impact on diseases such as multiple sclerosis and rheumatism. The group will collaborate with non-university research institutes to promote holistic approaches in immunology.

Chances to treat childhood dementia

Childhood dementia, an inherited disorder affecting brain metabolism, shows promise in treating with immunomodulators. Inflammation of the brain is a key feature, and drugs like fingolimod and teriflunomide have shown therapeutic effects in mouse models.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalMolecular Therapy·DateJul 24, 2017

New insights into complex processes

Scientists at the University of Würzburg discovered differences in gene expression between embryonic endothelial cells of the central nervous system and other organs, shedding light on the blood-brain barrier's development and maturation. The study also identified transcription factors involved in this process.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalScience Signaling·DateJul 18, 2017

Breakthrough in spintronics

A team of Würzburg physicists has developed a new concept for topological insulators that can process data at room temperature, eliminating the need for extreme cooling. This breakthrough could lead to efficient information technology and advances in spintronics.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalScience·DateJul 10, 2017

Motivation through punishment

Researcher Andreas Eder found that punishment alone does not suppress undesirable behavior but can even facilitate it. The brain uses behavioral consequences to trigger actions more easily, even if the consequences are disagreeable. Providing clear feedback for desired behavior is crucial in educational practices.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalJournal of Experimental Psychology·DateJul 4, 2017

Active 24/7 and doing great

Researchers found that foraging honeybees and nurse bees have synchronized circadian clocks, despite their constant activity. The study reveals that a functional clock is crucial for these animals, even in environments without day-night cycles.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalOpen Biology·DateJun 21, 2017

The glue that keeps cells together

A study published in Nature Physics reveals that small changes in physical parameters can significantly impact the formation and growth of cell-cell contacts. The researchers used computer simulations and experiments to investigate the biophysicics of cadherin proteins, which play a crucial role in maintaining cellular bonds.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalNature Physics·DateJun 14, 2017

How circadian clocks communicate with each other

Researchers have discovered a key connection between circadian clocks in the brain and peripheral organs, revealing how they synchronize their rhythms. The study found that a specific neuropeptide pathway enables communication between the central clock in the brain and peripheral clocks in organs like the prothoracic gland.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalNature Communications·DateMay 30, 2017

How Venus flytrap triggers digestion

When an insect touches the Venus flytrap's sensory hairs, it triggers a chain reaction involving calcium and hormone jasmonate. The plant's glands then produce acidic vesicles filled with hydrochloric acid to decompose the prey.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateApr 21, 2017

Narcissism and social networking

A recent meta-analysis of 57 studies involving over 25,000 participants found a weak to moderate link between social media activity and narcissistic tendencies. Grandiose narcissists are more likely to frequent social networking sites, whereas vulnerable narcissism is associated with insecurity and social withdrawal.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalJournal of Personality·DateApr 18, 2017

Ants rescue their injured

African Matabele ants have developed a unique rescue behavior where injured individuals are carried back to the nest and treated. This unexpected finding highlights the importance of social insects' investment in colony care.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalScience Advances·DateApr 12, 2017

Chlamydia: How bacteria take over control

Researchers from the University of Würzburg discovered that Chlamydia trachomatis influences mitochondria to prevent programmed cell death, allowing the bacteria to replicate. The study found that miR-30c-5p microRNA is increased in infected cells, downregulating tumor suppressor protein p53 and promoting mitochondrial division

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalJournal of Cell Biology·DateMar 28, 2017

Cause of obsessive-compulsive disorder discovered

The absence of protein SPRED2 alone can trigger excessive grooming behavior in mouse models. The study identifies the Ras/ERK-MAP kinase cascade as a key signaling pathway involved in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Administering an inhibitor to this pathway improves OCD symptoms, suggesting new potential treatments.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalMolecular Psychiatry·DateMar 16, 2017