Articles tagged with Systems Biology
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A RAND Corporation study found that bundled payments programs reduced total surgery costs by an average of $4,229 for procedures like knee replacement surgery. Patients who used preferred providers saw a 27.7% reduction in payments.
A study published in Cancer found that nearly one-third of Black patients would not have qualified for liver cancer screening using common cirrhosis measures. The researchers also discovered that the tumors in Black patients tended to be larger, more numerous, and more invasive at diagnosis.
A study at the University of Pennsylvania found that 61% of opioids prescribed to patients after orthopedic procedures went unused. The text message system showed high patient uptake, with 88% responding on the fourth day and 95% on the 21st day. Patients reported a decrease in pain levels without using most of the prescribed opioids.
Researchers developed a statistical framework to test and quantify adaptation in complex biological systems, enabling prediction of evolutionary outcomes. The new framework allows for rigorous analysis of organism adaptation to their ecological niche, building bridges between mathematics and biology.
The Texas Heart Institute has developed a breakthrough ex vivo benchtop system for evaluating the effects of ablation systems on excised tissues, shedding light on the need for esophageal temperature monitoring during HPSD ablation. The study highlights the importance of safety measures in clinical settings and paves the way for furthe...
Researchers found that wearable devices can identify COVID-19 cases up to seven days before diagnosis via nasal swab. The study also showed that HRV patterns normalize after diagnosis, allowing for timely interventions.
A wearable sensor developed by EPFL's Nanolab and Xsensio measures cortisol levels in sweat to detect signs of burnout, providing a non-invasive and precise way to quantify stress levels. This innovation has the potential to revolutionize the study of physiological rhythms and the treatment of stress-related diseases.
The Minnesota Mobile Resuscitation Consortium has launched a medical truck equipped with virtual reality technology and state-of-the-art medical equipment to provide on-site treatment for cardiac arrest patients. The truck aims to shorten treatment time and expand the area served by the MMRC, reducing mortality rates.
Researchers from Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University developed a polymer carrier that can load different sizes and structures of genetic material, including siRNAs and mRNAs. The efficiency of delivery was demonstrated on human stem cells, offering new horizons for non-viral delivery systems.
Bitter receptors have functions beyond taste perception, including roles in defense against pathogenic bacteria and metabolic regulation. Human bitter receptors can detect substances detected by coelacanth receptors, suggesting extraoral functions.
A new study found that people are more likely to assign blame and responsibility to a vehicle's automated system and its manufacturer rather than the human driver when a crash occurs. Researchers call this bias 'blame attribution asymmetry,' which may affect other cooperative situations involving humans and machines.
Researchers propose a new field of study converging AI, basic research, and medicine to extend human lifespan. The framework uses deep learning to predict age-related changes, enabling the development of a new field of medicine - longevity medicine.
Researchers at Kumamoto University created a new system to assess healthy lifespans in nematodes, which may help develop drugs and find foods that extend human lifespans. The system, C-LAS, uses images of living and dead nematodes to classify their health and longevity.
A recent study published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism highlights the need to address health disparities in diabetes by examining systemic racism and its impact on social conditions. The authors recommend implementing culturally and linguistically appropriate services, unconscious bias training, and value divers...
Researchers have developed a system called robomorphic computing that generates a customized computer chip to minimize a robot's response time. This technology uses a robot's physical layout and intended applications to create an optimized hardware architecture, resulting in faster reaction times and improved performance.
A new negative pressure ventilator, known as exovent, offers more comfortable treatment options for respiratory failure patients with COVID-19. The device requires fewer staffing resources and can be easily adapted for developing countries, providing a non-invasive alternative to traditional ventilation methods.
A new poll finds that 45% of adults aged 65-80 and 42% of all adults aged 50-80 lack online medical accounts, which could hinder COVID-19 vaccine scheduling. Patient portals can help bridge this gap, especially for those with lower incomes, education levels, or who require assistance setting up accounts.
Distinct PTSD biotypes, G1 and G2, have been identified with differing genetic markers and underlying mechanisms of disease. These findings enable the development of more accurate screening tools to identify early indicators of distress and inform targeted therapeutics for improved patient outcomes.
Anti-Black racism in healthcare has significant negative effects on the physical and mental health of Black people. The authors recommend dismantling systemic racism through training, data collection, and increased accessibility for Black students.
A recent study found that seventy percent of participants lacked understanding of palliative care, while forty-four percent believed it conflicted with their values. Despite this, many agreed that better quality of life was crucial when dealing with a serious illness. The study highlights the need for culturally competent palliative ca...
Researchers at Mount Sinai identified three major molecular subtypes of Alzheimer's disease using RNA sequencing data from over 1,500 brain samples. These subtypes were independent of age and disease stage and corresponded to different combinations of dysregulated biological pathways leading to brain degeneration.
A study conducted by researchers from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai found that repeated ketamine infusions significantly reduced symptom severity in individuals with chronic PTSD. The improvement was rapid and maintained for several weeks afterwards, suggesting this may be a promising treatment option for PTSD patients.
Researchers tested seven AI screening algorithms against expert ophthalmologists and found that most perform poorly in real-world settings, highlighting the need for proper image quality and training data. Only one algorithm matched human screener performance.
Researchers developed polygenic risk scores using genetic data from nearly 30,000 individuals, improving IBD predictions across European, Ashkenazi Jewish, Hispanic, and UK Biobank populations. Lower predictive power was seen in African ancestry due to smaller datasets and greater genetic diversity.
Researchers at EPFL have developed a miniaturized endovascular device that can explore capillaries without causing tissue damage. The technology harnesses hydrokinetic energy and uses magnetic steering to navigate the vascular system.
Chronic pain and emotional pain are intertwined, with opioids making things worse in the long term. Researchers recommend tapering down or switching to buprenorphine for high-dose long-term opioid users without improvement in pain and function.
A research group at Graz University of Technology is developing an interactive and adaptive health information system that uses machine learning and cognitive psychology to provide personalized content. The system aims to improve doctor-patient communication, enhance health literacy, and make decisions beneficial to users' health.
A study published in Thorax found that higher intake of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) from non-seafood meats is associated with increased wheezing in children. Researchers examined data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and found a significant link between AGE intake and respiratory symptoms.
Researchers at the University of Ottawa have identified the molecular defects associated with LIC Syndrome, a rare genetic disorder that causes mortality in young children. The study found that small mutations in the NSMCE3 gene affect the Smc5/6 complex's ability to compact DNA, leading to severe defects in DNA repair.
Researchers found significant differences in astigmatism measures obtained by Pentacam, Cassini, and IOL-master systems, affecting cataract surgery outcomes. The study's findings highlight the need for further investigation into refractive predictability studies to determine the best optometric device.
A new bio-inspired medical endoscope has been developed to acquire 3D visible light and near-infrared fluorescence images simultaneously, aiding surgeons in pinpointing cancerous tissue. The instrument combines high-resolution 3D imaging with the mantis shrimp's capability to detect multiple wavelengths of light.
A study by Henry Ford Health found that female professional basketball players in the WNBA did not return to their previous performance level for at least two years after ACL surgery. This contrasts with male athletes, who regained their elite performance in about one year.
New study assesses association between clinical and financial integration, finding that financial integration has few positive effects on patient outcomes. Clinical integration, however, is associated with greater use of quality-focused care delivery processes and less spending.
Researchers estimate sub-optimal behaviors cost the US healthcare system over $1.3 trillion annually, with a focus on eliminating 'defects' in value. The study proposes a framework to reduce costs and improve care value proposition through targeted interventions.
A study published in Health Affairs found that reprocessing single-use medical devices can significantly reduce waste and greenhouse gas emissions in healthcare systems. By adopting a circular economy approach, hospitals can minimize their environmental impact and reduce costs.
A team of researchers has discovered a signaling system within the brainstem that activates almost immediately at birth to support early breathing. This finding may offer important insights into Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) and other breathing problems.
A recent analysis of Geisinger Health System's electronic health records reveals chronic kidney disease as the leading risk factor for COVID-19-related hospitalization. The study found that patients with end-stage renal disease were 11 times more likely to be admitted to the hospital compared to those without kidney disease.
A study found that telemedicine adoption in emergency rooms significantly shortened average length of stay and wait time. This is achieved through efficient information exchange, flexible resource allocation, and improved specialist consultations.
Researchers identified new molecular mechanisms driving late-onset Alzheimer's Disease and a promising therapeutic candidate, ATP6V1A, which improved neuronal function when normalized. The study also found potential broad neuroprotective effects for ATP6V1A.
A phase 2 study found that evinacumab reduced LDL cholesterol by 50% in patients with severe hypercholesterolemia resistant to standard treatments. The therapy works through a different mechanism than existing drugs and shows promise for treating refractory hypercholesterolemia.
The study, published in Genes and Development, reveals the role of signaling pathways in regulating cell behavior, including proliferation, death, and migration. The research team identified new signaling outputs that function independently of established FGF signal transduction pathways, particularly in cell adhesion.
The study found a 16% lower mortality rate among patients who triggered an alert from the Advance Alert Monitor system. Patients with AAM alerts had lower ICU admission rates, shorter hospital length of stay, and lower mortality within 30 days of an alert.
Researchers developed machine learning models predicting critical events and mortality in COVID-19 patients using electronic health records. The models identified key drivers of critical illness, including acute kidney injury and elevated lactate dehydrogenase, and predicted outcomes at various time windows.
A new primary care tool, CommunityRx-H3, has been implemented to prescribe referrals for community health and social services. The study found that practice facilitators play a key role in implementing quality improvement initiatives, but face barriers such as limited time and lack of integration with the EMR system.
A study published in Information Systems Research found that online reviews of physicians do not reliably indicate the quality of care provided by a physician, especially for chronic-disease patients. The researchers examined 10 years of COPD patient admission-discharge data and scored online reviews on one of the ranking websites.
A retrospective surveillance study of over 10,000 plasma samples found that more than 1.7 million New Yorkers have been infected with SARS-CoV-2, indicating the virus was present in the city before the first confirmed case. The infection fatality rate is close to 1 percent, ten times deadlier than the flu.
A national multi-institutional study found that cancer patients and their medical teams benefited from sharing symptoms in real time using web- or telephone-based reporting systems. The system improved patient satisfaction, quality of life, physical function, reduced emergency room visits, and lengthened survival.
Researchers found a significant association between sleep disorders and symptoms of burnout among faculty and staff. The study suggests that addressing sleep issues may be crucial to mitigating physician burnout.
ACP leaders compared the healthcare proposals of President Trump and former Vice-President Joe Biden to their comprehensive framework for improving healthcare in the US. The proposals were evaluated on eight key challenges, including universal coverage, pre-existing conditions, and prescription drug pricing.
Researchers found diverse cardiac structural damage in COVID-19 patients, including right ventricular dysfunction, regional left ventricular wall motion abnormalities, and diffuse left ventricular dysfunction. These abnormalities were associated with worse prognosis and mortality compared to troponin elevations alone.
A continuous colonic mucus system forms a protective barrier between gut microbiota and host tissue in mice. The barrier consists of two types of O-glycan rich mucus that form in different regions of the colon, with proximal mucus encapsulating fecal pellets and distal mucus strengthening the barrier during elimination.
Researchers propose a new theory that suggests the existence of a biodynamic interface between humans and their environment, which mediates interaction between biological and environmental systems. This interface considers social, behavioral, and cultural dynamics, allowing scientists to assess its impact on health outcomes.
Temple Lung Center enrolls first patient in RejuvenAir clinical trial to treat moderate to severe COPD with CB; aims to address daily symptom burden and hospitalization risk. The system delivers metered doses of liquid nitrogen spray to targeted airways, potentially allowing new cells to regrow.
Researchers are investigating the antiviral properties of Respiratory Detox Shot (RDS), a traditional Chinese medicine that blocks SARS-CoV and CoV-2 entry into human cells. Wu's lab aims to quantify RDS cytotoxicity in human cells.
A joint project by RIT and URMC will monitor vital signs of heart failure patients using an AI-enabled toilet seat, aiming to reduce hospital return rates. The system records data on heart rate, blood flow, and oxygenation, providing near-real-time information to physicians.
A breakthrough in semi-autonomous colonoscopy uses a robot to guide a medical device into the body, reducing the demanding task of manipulation for doctors or nurses. The system enables precise locations for biopsies or tissue examination with minimal pain and increased patient access.
A study published in Henry Ford Health System shows that head and neck injuries account for nearly 28% of all electric scooter accident injuries, with concussions and internal organ injuries being the most common types.
A new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that seven in ten patients who received antibiotics avoided surgery within 90 days, while four in ten with an appendicolith required surgery. Patients treated with antibiotics reported fewer workdays missed and hospital visits compared to those who underwent surgery.
Researchers developed AI models that accurately predict treatment needs and medical interventions for motor vehicle crash victims, and identified key factors that affect survival after liver transplantation. The models achieved high accuracy rates, outperforming human manual reviews in streamlining decision-making at the point of care.
A new tissue-transport device inspired by wasp egg-laying organs may enable minimally invasive surgery in previously hard-to-reach areas, reducing trauma and recovery time. The device uses friction forces to transport tissues, potentially overcoming challenges faced by current suction-based devices.