Articles tagged with Systems Biology
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new machine learning algorithm, BITFAM, helps identify transcription factor activity in individual cells, providing insights into gene regulation. This system can aid researchers in understanding biological functions and developing new treatments for diseases.
A research group discovered that β-catenin signaling is used for axial patterning in sea anemones and sea urchins, a mechanism that also exists in vertebrates. This suggests that this system was present in the common ancestor of Cnidaria and Bilateria around 650 million years ago.
Researchers have identified an olfactory receptor that selectively recognizes pyrazines, a type of volatile substance found in food and contributing to animal communication. This discovery could lead to the development of biobased artificial noses for monitoring sensory quality and authenticity of food.
A robot system with a digital twin uses intra-operative ultrasound to guide cardiac surgeons, improving their view of the patient without radiation exposure. The platform can assist less experienced operators and aid in pre-planning and real-time control.
Researchers at Skoltech have designed a labeling system for individual cells using polymer multilayer microcapsules that can be easily reproducible and non-toxic. The system allows for the tracking of single-cell behavior and migration with extreme precision, facilitating studies on cell movement and communication in populations.
Researchers created a neighborhood-level COVID-19 inequity index to analyze disparities in New York City neighborhoods. The index showed that areas with higher inequity indices had higher subway ridership, implying lower social distancing capacity.
A Henry Ford Health System study reveals that e-scooter-related head and neck injuries account for nearly 28% of reported riding mishaps. The study's findings highlight the importance of wearing helmets and following safety tips to reduce the risk of injury while using e-scooters.
Researchers developed a non-contact laser imaging system that can detect telltale signs of major blinding diseases in retinal blood and tissue, allowing for earlier diagnosis and management. The technology, known as photoacoustic remote sensing, improves patient comfort and test accuracy.
The American Medical Association has awarded Penn State College of Medicine $1.8 million to develop residency education programs that prepare physicians for the complexities of modern healthcare. The project aims to equip residents with health systems science knowledge and skills to deliver high-quality patient care.
A new study using a computational model found that cutting food waste would provide enough protein and energy to feed the growing population but fall short in terms of micronutrients like calcium, iron, and vitamin E. Researchers emphasize the need for attention to essential vitamins and minerals to address global nutritional needs.
Researchers propose techniques to decode fungal electrical activity, enabling efficient information transmission and complex processing. Fungal networks can monitor large data flows, providing insights into ecosystem dynamics and promoting sustainable development.
Researchers at EPFL's Integrated Systems Laboratory have developed a system that can measure propofol concentration in patients as they're being operated on, adjusting doses accordingly. The device uses machine learning to provide accurate measurements, overcoming the challenge of propofol sticking to needles
Researchers developed an AI system to guide oncologists in treating head and neck cancer patients, considering treatment efficacy and potential future decisions. The system analyzes real patient data to provide personalized recommendations and maximize survival outcomes while minimizing chemotherapy and radiation side effects.
Researchers found that excess pericardial fat increases the risk of heart failure, even after adjusting for established risk factors. High pericardial fat volume was associated with a double increase in risk for women and a 50% increase for men, according to the study published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
A Perspective counters the DOJ's claim that forensic analysis of visual patterns is not metrology by highlighting biological sensory systems' ability to quantify patterns. This clarifies processes underlying human sensation and perception, potentially improving forensic accuracy.
During the winter wave of COVID-19, anaesthetic and critical care staff in the UK faced immense pressure due to a surge in newly admitted infected patients. Surgery rates plummeted by one quarter compared to previous years, with many hospitals expanding ICUs to accommodate the influx.
University of Maryland faculty members Shelby Bensi, Gregg Duncan, Katrina Groth, and Katharina Maisel have received CAREER grants for their innovative research in hazard assessment, gene therapy, risk assessment, and immunotherapy. Their work aims to advance the fields of civil engineering, bioengineering, and mechanical engineering.
Evinacumab reduces triglyceride levels by up to 82 percent in patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia and a history of hospitalizations for acute pancreatitis. The therapy also lowers the risk of recurrent acute pancreatitis, quality of life, and cardiovascular events.
A new study found that artificial food colorants like Red 40 and Yellow 6 can cause disease in mice with dysregulated immune systems, specifically colitis. Researchers are now investigating the potential impact on humans, given that similar cytokine IL-23 dysregulation is a factor in human inflammatory bowel disease.
Researchers created a tiny, wireless chip that uses ultrasound to monitor body processes, enabling the development of miniaturized implantable medical devices. The team achieved volumetric efficiency with their design, paving the way for chips that can be injected into the body and communicate wirelessly.
A study in mice reveals genes and metabolic processes that could aid or hinder recovery after a heart attack, with potential targets for treatments. The research used systems biology approaches to analyze gene activity across multiple tissues, identifying common and tissue-specific responses.
Researchers have developed soft sensors that comprehensively monitor pregnant women without wires, providing more precise data on vital signs, physical movements, and laboring positions. The devices offer improved comfort and freedom of movement, while also increasing the reliability of data collected during labor.
Chemists create supramolecular cage using Pd6(TPT)4 cages that can transport and release pharmaceutically active molecules like ibuprofen and progesterone. The system uses ultrasonification to break the bonds, releasing the drugs at the desired location.
Researchers at NTU Singapore have developed a device that seals tears and holes in blood vessels using an electrically-activated glue patch applied via a minimally invasive balloon catheter. The Voltaglue system has the potential to replace open or keyhole surgery for patching up internal blood vessel defects.
The Harmony transcatheter pulmonary valve system is a less invasive treatment option for patients with CHD and RVOT abnormalities. The one-year results show no mortality, endocarditis, or need for surgical intervention, with over 90% of patients reporting little to no pulmonary regurgitation.
A new study reveals a significant increase in heart attack survival rates for patients treated with a standardized protocol for cardiogenic shock. The National Cardiogenic Shock Initiative, led by Henry Ford Hospital, demonstrated a 71% survival rate in patients whose hearts were unable to pump enough blood during a heart attack.
Researchers from Tohoku University developed a novel imaging method to visualize respiratory activity of 3D tissue models. The method uses potential step-based electrochemiluminescence (ECL) imaging to track oxygen consumption and produce luminescent signals.
Researchers develop Nanotraps that capture SARS-CoV-2 viruses within the body, utilizing the body's own immune system to destroy them. The therapy has shown promising results in early stages of testing and could potentially be administered via a nasal spray as a treatment for COVID-19.
A new study by Henry Ford Health System has found that a non-opioid approach to managing pain after knee surgery is just as effective as traditional opioid-based methods. The novel multimodal pain management protocol, developed at Henry Ford, brings immediate pain relief without the use of powerful opioids.
Researchers have developed a novel method to detect and manipulate the terahertz optoacoustic signal of water, enabling sensitive detection of solutes like ions with an order of magnitude greater sensitivity than traditional spectroscopy. This breakthrough allows for nondestructive analysis of aqueous solutions and tissues, opening up ...
Postponing cardiovascular surgeries during the pandemic sparked anxiety and fear among patients, illustrating the profound impact of medical decisions on their emotional well-being. Many patients preferred to wait for surgery due to uncertainty about COVID-19's impact on their health.
Genetic ancestry data provides specific insights into disease risk and management, allowing for targeted interventions. The study found that 25% of BioMe participants had links to populations predisposed to certain genetic diseases.
Researchers use CRISPR-Cas9 to introduce thousands of mutations into C. elegans worms, then analyze the effects on physical traits and functions. They discover a surprise finding that mutations in specific microRNA binding sites can affect gene expression.
A study by Kaunas University of Technology reveals the benefits of telehealth, including accessibility, convenience, and cost-saving. However, organizational and individual barriers, such as lack of digital training and reimbursement issues, hinder its widespread adoption.
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center shares five key lessons on health equity from its COVID-19 vaccination campaign, including obtaining reliable patient data and addressing structural inequalities. The health system's approach aims to reach marginalized communities with trust-building strategies.
The new approach provides a powerful tool for recording cell lineage in diverse cellular systems. Researchers use intMEMOIR to reconstruct lineage histories and link cell fate, spatial structure, and tissue organization in mouse embryonic stem cells and fruit fly brain.
A retrospective study published in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine found that manual labor jobs contribute to higher rates of carpal tunnel syndrome. Researchers estimate the overall cost of carpal tunnel syndrome cases to be between $47,000 and $119,000, including healthcare costs and lost productivity.
A University of Washington-led team has developed a system that uses machine learning to capture subtle changes in facial light reflection to estimate pulse and respiration rates from smartphone videos. The system outperforms previous versions on diverse datasets, including those with darker skin tones.
Researchers at Mount Sinai Hospital have identified genetic and cellular mechanisms underlying Crohn's disease, providing new insights for tailored treatments. By blocking the gp130 protein, they found that some patients may benefit from alternative therapies, complementing standard anti-TNF treatments.
A study published in Critical Care Medicine found that racial differences in COVID-19 ICU outcomes do not exist. Patients of color had a lower 28-day mortality rate compared to white patients, while overall hospital mortality and length of stay were unaffected by race.
Researchers at UFSCar in Brazil have developed a novel luciferin-luciferase system that produces far red light at 650 nanometers, three times brighter than natural luciferin and luciferase. This system has better thermal stability, cell membrane penetrability, and more lasting continuous bioluminescence.
An international research team of otolaryngologists and dental specialists has reached consensus on diagnosing and managing odontogenic sinusitis (ODS), a condition that can spread from teeth to sinuses, brain, or rest of the body. The initiative aims to improve collaboration between ENT surgeons and dental providers to diagnose ODS mo...
A team of researchers led by Professor Alexander Meyer has created an early warning system for intensive care units (ICUs) using big data and artificial intelligence. The system predicts postoperative bleeding and acute kidney injury with high accuracy, allowing timely interventions to save lives.
The Systems Biology of Early Atopy study aims to integrate biological, environmental, and genetic data to better understand the origins of allergic diseases in children. The 2,500-family study will examine prenatal and early childhood markers of high risk for food allergy and eczema.
A recent study developed an AI-based system to predict optimal medication dosages for patients with kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis. The system achieved high prediction accuracy rates, providing clinically appropriate classifications at even higher rates.
UofL and Medtronic will develop a closed-loop system to monitor and adjust stimulator settings for multiple functions, including locomotion and bladder control. The project aims to improve the lives of people with spinal cord injury by reducing manual interaction and increasing positive outcomes.
A computational guide to lead cells down desired differentiation paths uses a novel computer-guided design tool to predict effective combinations of transcription factors. The approach significantly increases the efficiency of cell conversions, generating higher numbers of immune cells and skin cells than other methods.
A joint effort by Pitt bioengineer and orthopaedic surgeon aims to improve surgical outcomes for capsular injuries, potentially leading to a more effective treatment. The study uses quantitative techniques to measure injury magnitude and location, with the goal of reducing failure rates and improving patient recovery.
Researchers developed a tissue-section analysis system that integrates morphological, molecular, and histological data for diagnosing breast cancer. The system provides heatmaps to explain the AI decision-making process, enabling doctors to assess results plausibility.
Frailty is characterized by three or more of five key clinical signs and symptoms, including weakness, slow walking speed, and fatigue. Researchers developed a system for diagnosing frailty and found that it's a distinct state caused by disharmony among physiological and biological systems.
Penn Medicine's collaborative care program, Penn Integrated Care (PIC), integrates mental health professionals into primary care settings. A new study suggests that this approach is effective and efficient in meeting the needs of patients with various mental health conditions.
A new method developed by Salk researchers enables scientists to improve microscope image quality using artificial intelligence and artificially degraded images. The 'crappifier' tool can help democratize microscopy, making it accessible to those without powerful microscopes.
A national survey and cohort study found that patients are accepting and satisfied with robotic system evaluations, with 92.5% reporting satisfaction. Robotic systems are deemed useful for acquiring vital signs, conducting testing, and supporting placement of intravenous catheters.
Artificial intelligence has already shown promise in pathology, including image classification and diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy. Future developments aim to further enhance diagnostic accuracy and improve patient outcomes through augmented intelligence. The authors emphasize the need for careful validation, performance monitoring, ...
A study published in Environment International found that overweight children exposed to lead in utero and during their first weeks of life are at risk for poorer kidney function in adulthood. The research measured blood levels of lead during pregnancy and eGFR levels in children between 8-12 years old.
Research at OHSU finds that patients with substance use disorder face housing instability, hospital isolation, and uncertain transitions home due to pandemic-related policies. The study emphasizes the need for healthcare systems to incorporate patient voices and address systemic needs.
Researchers at Penn State developed micro-Doppler radars that can accurately classify human gait patterns with greater than 90% accuracy. This technology has the potential to prevent falls and disabilities, detect Parkinson's and dementia, diagnose concussions, and identify musculoskeletal injury risk factors.
A research team at Toyohashi University of Technology has developed a lightweight, compact, Bluetooth-low-energy-based wireless neuronal recording system for use in mice. The system weighs less than 3.9g and offers high signal quality, good versatility, and low cost compared to wired recording.
The Astra project aims to develop a realistic simulation technology using Unreal video game engine and Magic Leap augmented reality glasses. The system will focus on twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) training, using live surgery recordings and deep learning networks to create a natural environment for surgeons.
A recent collaborative study has shown that resveratrol's anti-inflammatory properties are mediated by the bitter receptor TAS2R50. The researchers found that this receptor type plays a role in reducing inflammatory markers released by gum cells when treated with surface antigens from bacteria.