Articles tagged with Risk Reduction
A diet rich in carotenoids and vitamin C may protect against lung cancer, according to a study. High intakes of these antioxidants were associated with a lower risk of squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and small cell carcinoma in both smokers and nonsmokers.
A large US healthcare system study found that taking misoprostol with NSAIDs significantly lowers the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and kidney failure compared to taking NSAIDs alone. The combination is associated with a 25-34% lower risk of these events.
The risk of subsequent malignancies has decreased among childhood cancer survivors, particularly those treated with lower radiation doses. The study found that cumulative incidence rates of subsequent neoplasms and specific types of cancers, such as meningiomas and nonmelanoma skin cancers, were lower in recent treatment eras.
A comprehensive study published in the International Journal of Epidemiology found that eating more fruits and vegetables reduces the risk of heart disease, stroke, cancer, and premature death. The researchers estimated that 7.8 million deaths could be prevented each year if people ate 800g of fruit and vegetables daily.
A meta-analysis of 95 studies found that consuming more than five portions of fruit and vegetables daily reduced disease risk, with the greatest benefit seen in eating ten portions or 800g a day. This amount was associated with significant reductions in heart attack, stroke, cancer, and premature death risk.
Weekly Tai Chi sessions reduced systolic blood pressure by 10.25mmHg and increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) by 0.16mmol/L in adults with known stroke risk factors. The study suggests that continuing Tai Chi exercise may help prevent strokes.
A recent study published in Neurology found no association between hormone therapy and the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. However, women who used hormone therapy for over 10 years showed a reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease compared to non-users.
Researchers project that intensive blood pressure control can save over 100,000 lives each year in the US. By lowering blood pressure to less than 120 mmHg, the risk of heart attack, stroke, and death can be significantly reduced. However, this approach may require additional medication and more frequent health check-ups.
Researchers identified a genetic variant in neutrophil cystolic factor 1 (NCF1) associated with increased risk for autoimmune diseases. The study found that increased NCF1 protects against systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), while decreased NCF1 raises SLE risk.
The SAFE PASSAGES program has been shown to significantly reduce the incidence of perineal trauma and Cesarean sections while also improving overall childbirth outcomes. By implementing specific interventions such as eliminating midline episiotomies, the program has demonstrated a reduction in severe perineal lacerations by over 300%.
The use of antimicrobial sutures coated with triclosan has been shown to reduce the risk of surgical site infections (SSIs) by 39%. Additionally, economic analysis reveals a significant average cost savings per procedure of £91.25 when using triclosan-coated sutures.
The American College of Physicians (ACP) and the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) recommend that physicians initiate treatment in adults aged 60 years old and older with persistent systolic blood pressure at or above 150 mm Hg to achieve a target systolic blood pressure of less than 150 mm Hg. The guideline notes that some ...
A new study published in the International Journal of Epidemiology finds that poverty is a major contributor to obesity, particularly for individuals with a high genetic risk. The research used data from 120,000 individuals and suggests that targeting specific behaviors or environments may not be an effective solution to reducing obesity.
A study found that adults who performed the recommended amount of weekly physical activity in one or two sessions had lower risks for death from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. The risk reductions were similar among weekend warriors and insufficiently active adults.
A study of 6.6 million people found that those living within 50 meters of a major road had a small increased risk of developing dementia, with up to 7-11% cases potentially attributed to traffic exposure. The study also found no link between traffic exposure and Parkinson's disease or multiple sclerosis.
A new study has found that increasing intake of EPA and DHA omega-3s can help reduce the risk of coronary heart disease, particularly among populations with high triglycerides and LDL cholesterol levels. The study analyzed data from 93,000 and 732,000 subjects across 18 randomized controlled trials and 16 prospective cohort studies.
A new study found that pregnant women taking long-chain omega-3 supplements reduced their children's asthma risk by 31%. Women with low blood levels of EPA and DHA at the beginning of the study benefited the most from the supplements, with a 54% relative risk reduction.
A study of 3,063 children and adolescents with acute concussion found that physical activity within 7 days of injury was associated with reduced risk of persistent postconcussive symptoms. Engaging in early physical activity was linked to a lower risk of PPCS, regardless of intensity or exercise type.
A 20-year study found that men taking a sauna 4-7 times a week were 66% less likely to be diagnosed with dementia. The study also showed a significant reduction in the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers found that dropping cholesterol to very low levels, comparable to those of a newborn baby, reduced the risk of heart attack, stroke, and fatal heart disease by around one-third. The study suggests that very low cholesterol levels are both safe and beneficial.
The new US law aims to reduce harm to marine mammals and improve species protection through stricter fishing regulations. The law, set to come into effect on January 1, 2017, requires countries to comply with the U.S. Marine Mammal Protection Act, impacting global seafood trade and conservation efforts.
A study analyzing Medicare data found a link between statin use and reduced Alzheimer's disease risk. The association varied by statin type and race/ethnicity, highlighting the need for further clinical trials to confirm these findings.
A new study found that optimism is associated with a significantly reduced risk of dying prematurely among women. The most optimistic women had a nearly 30% lower risk of dying from any disease analyzed in the study, including cancer, heart disease, and infection.
A diet rich in magnesium may lower risk of coronary heart disease, stroke and type-2 diabetes. Researchers found people with higher magnesium intake had a lower risk of these diseases compared to those with lower intake.
A Phase III study published in NEJM shows the dapivirine ring safely reduced HIV infection by 31 percent overall among all women in the trial. The risk of HIV infection was reduced by at least 56 percent among women who used the ring consistently, with subgroup analyses suggesting a 75 percent or more reduction with near-perfect use.
A study found that genetic variants in PCSK9 and HMGCR genes associated with lower LDL cholesterol lowered the risk of cardiovascular events and diabetes, suggesting a protective effect. The risk of diabetes was increased, but only in individuals with impaired glucose metabolism, called pre-diabetes.
A recent study identified five genetic variants associated with higher levels of isoleucine, leucine, and valine, which are linked to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. The researchers also found that these genetic variants were more common in individuals with impaired metabolism of branched-chain amino acids.
A new forecasting system called WhaleWatch has been developed to predict locations of blue whales off the West Coast. The system produces monthly maps of blue whale 'hotspots' to alert ships where there may be an increased risk of encountering these endangered whales.
A new study led by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health researchers found that consuming high amounts of four major saturated fatty acids increases the risk of coronary heart disease. Replacing these fats with healthier alternatives, such as whole grains and plant proteins, may reduce this risk.
A new study found that most women in Virginia are unaware of the increased cancer risk associated with dense breasts. Only 1 in 8 women knew their breast density was a risk factor for breast cancer.
Researchers found that runners wearing minimal trainers and landing on the ball of their foot had lower loading rates, reducing injury risk. This study suggests that minimal shoes can be beneficial for runners who adopt a forefoot strike pattern without cushioning.
A new study by Intermountain Medical Center found that cardiac rehabilitation significantly reduces the risk of death in heart patients with moderate to severe depression after heart surgery. The study, conducted on 118 patients, showed a nearly 75% decrease in mortality rates among those who attended rehab.
A study led by Massachusetts General Hospital found that following a healthy lifestyle can significantly reduce genetic heart attack risk. The research team analyzed data from over 55,000 participants and found that each healthy lifestyle factor reduced risk, with favorable lifestyles cutting incidence by 50% in those at highest geneti...
A new study reveals that an individual's birth year plays a crucial role in determining their susceptibility to specific flu strains. The research found that people born before and after 1968 have reduced risk of severe disease from novel strains within the same group.
A new study translates wearable sensor data into empirically-verified measures of health risks and longevity, offering significant financial value to third parties. The researchers developed the Better Life and Income Scoring System (BLISS score), which combines physical activity data with personal financial information.
The RESPECT trial found that percutaneously closing a patent foramen ovale (PFO) using the Amplatzer PFO Occluder was superior to medical management in preventing recurrent ischemic stroke. Key findings showed a 45% relative risk reduction in recurrent ischemic stroke for the PFO group.
Researchers found that combining virtual reality with treadmill training reduced fall frequency and risk for at least six months after training. The intervention improved both physical mobility and cognitive aspects of safe walking.
Two new papers published in Diabetologia found a 26% reduction in T2D risk among participants who achieved 11.25 MET hours/week, more than twice the recommended minimum. The studies also suggest that exercising after meals can deliver significant additional health benefits.
A new meta-analysis suggests that antenatal corticosteroids can improve lung development and reduce severe respiratory distress in preterm babies. The study found a significant reduction in respiratory distress syndrome among babies born between 34-37 weeks, including those delivered via scheduled C-section.
Two new papers published in Diabetologia found a 26% reduction in T2D risk among participants who achieved moderate activity levels, with benefits increasing at higher activity levels. Timing of physical activity also played a role, with exercising after meals delivering greater health benefits.
A study of 3,242 patients found that mesh use during incisional hernia repair reduced hernia recurrence risk over 5 years. However, the long-term benefits were partially offset by mesh-related complications. The study highlights the need for more research on the safety and efficacy of mesh in hernia repair.
A study of over 7,500 patients with invasive breast cancer found that tamoxifen therapy significantly reduced the risk of developing contralateral breast cancer. The risk was highest among those using tamoxifen for four years or more, with a 66% relative reduction in CBC risk.
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that craniectomy significantly reduces the risk of death from brain swelling after a head injury. Craniectomy also improved patient outcomes at 6-12 months post-injury, with nearly half of patients regaining independence.
A study published in Neurology found that excess weight in women increases the risk of ischemic stroke, while decreasing the risk of hemorrhagic stroke. The research followed over 1.3 million women for 12 years, revealing a significant association between body mass index and stroke subtype.
A large study found that atrial fibrillation is associated with a wide range of serious events, including heart attacks, chronic kidney disease, and sudden cardiac death. The risk of these events is higher than stroke, prompting calls for interventions to reduce non-stroke outcomes.
Research suggests that antenatal factors contribute to life-long respiratory wellbeing of children, with larger fetuses having a reduced risk for asthma and better lung function. The study found an association between reduced fetal size and increased asthma risk, as well as reduced lung function in children aged 5-15 years.
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who engage in high levels of physical activity are less likely to develop anxiety or depression, with a 15% reduced risk. Mental disorders are common in COPD patients, affecting approximately 40% of the population.
Research reveals that patients under 50 who survive a heart attack are at almost twice the risk of dying from heart disease, largely attributed to smoking and other factors. Younger survivors have higher cardiovascular disease risk factors, including high blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity.
A new study demonstrates that lowering LDL cholesterol and systolic blood pressure can have independent, multiplicative, and cumulative causal effects on cardiovascular disease risk. By reducing both by modest amounts, individuals may see a significant reduction in their lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease.
A Mediterranean diet is associated with a reduced risk of death in patients with a history of cardiovascular disease. The study found that higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet was linked to a 37% lower risk of death from any cause.
Research found moderate physical activity reduces risk of acute cardiovascular event by over 30%, and CVD mortality by 54%. Regular exercise is associated with lower risk, even with other health factors.
A novel activity tracker personalizes exercise based on heart rate data, reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease and premature death. The tracker's algorithm translates heart rate data into a simple score, with scores above 100 associated with reduced mortality risk.
A study found that about three-quarters of patients were using medications associated with increased fracture risk before their fracture, and only a small proportion discontinued these drugs afterwards. The study suggests that some secondary fragility fractures may be preventable by managing high-risk drugs after a primary fracture event.
The MINERVA study found a significant association between higher medication adherence rates and improved patient outcomes, including reduced major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and healthcare costs. Fully adherent patients had a lower risk of MACE compared to partially and non-adherent populations.
A new study published in JAMA found that daily injection of the drug abaloparatide significantly reduced the risk of new vertebral and nonvertebral fractures in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. The treatment also showed a more pronounced anabolic effect on bone compared to other osteoporosis drugs.
A large-scale study found that both high and low levels of HDL cholesterol are associated with an increased risk of premature death. Intermediate levels, however, may increase longevity. The research used data from over 1.7 million male veterans and showed a U-shaped curve relationship between HDL cholesterol levels and mortality.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of brain training exercises found that speed of processing training can significantly reduce the risk of dementia. The study, which included 2,832 participants, showed a 48% reduction in dementia risk over 10 years with this specific exercise.
Researchers found that patients with nonfunctional adrenal tumors have a significantly higher risk for developing diabetes compared to those without the condition. The study suggests that these tumors may warrant more clinical attention and should be considered an independent risk factor for diabetes.
A recent study of 70,265 Swedish girls and women found that HPV vaccination did not increase the risk of developing another autoimmune disease. Vaccination was associated with a slightly reduced risk compared to not being vaccinated.
The American Academy of Neurology recommends that individuals with a patent foramen ovale (PFO) who have had a stroke do not need routine catheter-based closure, due to limited evidence supporting its effectiveness. Instead, antiplatelet drugs such as aspirin are recommended to prevent blood clots.