Articles tagged with Risk Reduction
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A study of over 11,000 American adults found that increasing physical activity to recommended levels over six years in middle age significantly decreases the risk of heart failure. Conversely, a decrease in physical activity during this period is linked to an increased risk of the disorder.
A study published in Journal of Bone and Mineral Research found that alendronate reduced the risk of one-year cardiovascular death by 67% and heart attack by 45%. The medication also showed protective effects against stroke, with a 17% reduced risk over 10 years.
Researchers found a significant correlation between the diversity of gut microbes and arterial stiffness in middle-aged female twins. The study identified specific microbes linked to lower risk of arterial stiffening, which were previously associated with lower obesity risk.
A study found that hypertensive adults with low platelet count and high homocysteine levels reduced their risk of first stroke by 73% with folic acid supplements. The treatment was particularly effective for patients at high risk, suggesting a potential cost-effective primary prevention strategy.
A new international study found that frequent sauna bathing is associated with a reduced risk of stroke. The study involved 1,628 men and women aged 53-74 years living in eastern Finland and showed a significant decrease in stroke risk with increasing frequency of sauna use.
A 15-year study found that people taking saunas four to seven times a week were 61% less likely to suffer a stroke than those taking one session per week. Frequent sauna bathing also reduces cardiovascular and all-cause mortality risk.
A recent study published by the European Society of Cardiology found that becoming more physically active after a myocardial infarction halves the risk of dying within four years. The research involved over 22,000 patients and showed that levels of physical activity were reported 6-10 weeks and 12 months after the heart attack.
A new study published in JAMA found that SGLT-2 inhibitor and GLP-1 agonist drugs were associated with reduced risk of death, while DPP-4 inhibitor drugs showed no significant benefit. The findings suggest these treatments may not be equally effective in preventing mortality.
The FraudBuster approach uses proactive risk prediction at the underwriting stage to identify unprofitable drivers who are likely fraudulent risks. This novel method can help insurers reduce fraud in high-risk markets, such as the automobile insurance market.
A PATH study in Uganda found that self-administration of subcutaneous DMPA enables women to continue using injectable contraception longer than those receiving traditional injections. The study showed a 46% reduced risk of discontinuation among self-injecting women, with younger women benefiting most.
A new study reveals that restoring coastal wetlands and oyster reefs can significantly reduce flood risks on the US Gulf Coast, with potential benefits exceeding $7 in direct flood-reduction benefits for every $1 spent on restoration. Nature-based solutions can be more cost-effective than traditional 'gray' measures like seawalls.
A Stanford-led study of nearly half a million people in the UK Biobank database found that higher levels of physical activity and fitness are associated with lower risks of heart attacks and stroke. Even those with a high genetic risk for heart disease can benefit from regular exercise.
Researchers found that screening individuals with a high lifetime risk of developing precursor conditions like MGUS can reduce the prevalence and specific mortality of symptomatic multiple myeloma. By implementing regular screening and preventative measures, mortality rates can be lowered by up to 19% in certain groups.
Exercise of any duration, from short bursts to sustained activity, can reduce Americans' risk of disease and death. Moderate exertion, such as brisk walking, is defined as hard to carry a conversation, while vigorous exercise is faster than that.
Women with BRCA1 mutations who undergo double mastectomy have lower breast cancer-specific survival, compared to those under surveillance. For BRCA2 mutation carriers, there is no difference in the chances of dying from breast cancer between mastectomy and surveillance.
The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends behavioral counseling for individuals with fair skin types between 6 months and 24 years old to reduce skin cancer risk. Counseling is also advised for adults over 24 with fair skin, although the benefit is considered small.
Researchers developed a framework to measure an athlete's risk of injury using IoT technology, combining data from smartphones, devices, and injury surveillance. The study found that athletes who played at least eight games had more than three times greater odds of injury occurrence.
A new collection of articles highlights the growing concern of social isolation among older adults, which can lead to devastating health consequences. Research-backed initiatives aim to decrease isolation through initiatives such as free Lyft rides and interactive devices.
A randomized controlled trial found that patients with myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery experienced a 28% lower risk of major vascular complications when treated with dabigatran. The study showed significant benefits in reducing the risk of death, heart attack, and stroke.
Patients treated with dabigatran had a 28% lower risk of major cardiovascular complications compared to those receiving a placebo. Dabigatran also showed significant benefits in reducing the risk of specific events such as heart attack, stroke and blood clots.
Research suggests that living in areas with more sunlight, particularly UV-B rays, can lower the risk of developing multiple sclerosis. Exposure in childhood and young adulthood is also linked to reduced risk. The study found a 45% reduced risk of MS in those living in sunnier climates compared to those with low UV-B ray exposure.
An interim open-label study found increased product use of the dapivirine vaginal ring compared to a previous Phase III study. The data suggest that women's HIV-1 risk was reduced by more than half in the open-label study, known as DREAM.
A Norwegian study found that individuals with normal vitamin D levels can reduce their risk of death from cardiovascular disease by up to 30%. The optimal amount of vitamin D varies from person to person, and measuring levels is advised for those who have experienced cardiovascular disease.
A new study found that the risk of man-made earthquakes due to fracking is greatly reduced if high-pressure fluid injection used to crack underground rocks is 895m away from faults in the Earth's crust. The ReFINE consortium recommends this distance to avoid reactivating geological faults and reducing the risk of induced earthquakes.
Researchers found that participants who closely adhered to a DASH-style diet were less likely to develop depression than those who did not. The study, funded by the National Institutes of Aging, evaluated 964 participants and showed an association between a healthier diet and lower rates of depression.
A preliminary study found that following the DASH diet was associated with a lower risk of depression, while a Western diet high in saturated fats was linked to increased depression risk. The study, supported by the National Institute on Aging, suggests that a healthy diet may be an effective way to reduce depression risk and promote b...
Researchers found higher levels of leisure-time physical activity linked to lower diabetes risk in Chinese adults with impaired fasting glucose. A 12-25% reduction in diabetes risk was observed with increased physical activity levels, highlighting the urgent need for promoting physical activity as a strategy for diabetes prevention.
A new interaction between proteins could provide a breakthrough in the prevention of healthy blood vessel damage. The study found that stabilizing caveolae regions prevents damage by binding protein SOCS3 with Cavin-1, maintaining healthy vascular function.
Researchers at Rush University Medical Center developed the MIND diet to promote brain health, which has been associated with reduced Alzheimer's risk and slower cognitive decline. Study results show that stroke survivors who adhered to the diet had substantially slower rate of cognitive decline compared to those who didn't.
A new study found that women with low carbohydrate intake are 30% more likely to have babies with neural tube defects. Folic acid supplementation is crucial for minimizing this risk, as many women may not take a daily multivitamin before and during pregnancy.
A review of evidence published in The BMJ found that smoking just one cigarette a day carries a higher risk of heart disease and stroke than expected. Smoking only a few cigarettes per day is associated with a significantly increased risk of these two major disorders, making it crucial for smokers to quit instead of cutting down.
A new review examines the quality-of-life consequences of genetic testing and risk-reducing surgery, finding that procedures can decrease cancer anxiety but are associated with short- and long-term complications.
A team of researchers proposes a scenario mapping approach to test disaster preparedness and response to unknown, complex events. They found common vulnerabilities triggered similar cascading effects, suggesting that highly-developed countries are susceptible to M.OR.D.OR scenarios.
A new study found that restaurant and bar smoking bans significantly reduce smoking among college graduates, particularly in areas where the bans are comprehensive. Additionally, lower-income smokers are more likely to attempt to quit after a ban is implemented, but may need additional support for successful cessation.
A Mediterranean diet emphasizing plant-based foods may help keep people healthy and independent as they age. The analysis of published studies suggests that adherence to a Mediterranean diet reduces the risk of frailty in older individuals.
A structured exercise program reduces major mobility disability in both frail and nonfrail patients, benefiting all older adults. Researchers found that physical activity can improve the ability to rise from a chair and reduce the risk of frailty.
A new UK study suggests that sticking to healthy New Year's resolutions can lead to a significant reduction in cancer risk. The research found that each additional healthy behavior was associated with an 8% decrease in cancer risk.
A new clinical trial shows that using a generic skin cream containing fluorouracil (5-FU) for two to four weeks can reduce the risk of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) needing surgery by 75% within a year. The study, led by Dr. Martin A. Weinstock, involved over 900 military veterans at high risk for keratinocyte carcinoma skin cancer.
Research from the University of Adelaide suggests that taking folic acid in late pregnancy may increase the risk of allergies in children. This contradicts previous studies showing a protective effect against childhood allergies in offspring born with growth restriction during pregnancy. The study found that continued folic acid supple...
Researchers developed micro-grippers that can navigate PacMan-like virtual mazes with up to 3.4 body-lengths per second. The grippers' shape and size were crucial for successful navigation.
A new genetics study from the University of Cambridge has found a strong association between higher educational attainment and reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease. The study suggests that education may help build cognitive reserve, allowing individuals to better compensate for age-related brain damage.
A 24,502-person study found that regular physical activity in elderly individuals reduced cardiovascular disease risk by 14% compared to those who were inactive. Even low-intensity activities like walking and gardening are recommended.
A new report suggests that moderate coffee consumption may reduce the risk of chronic liver disease by up to 65%. The study found an inverse association between coffee consumption and risk of liver cancer, with a potential risk reduction of 25-70%.
A study published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society found that women over age 65 who engaged in regular light physical activity had a reduced risk of mortality. Adding 30 minutes per day of moderate activity further lowered mortality risk by 39%.
A randomized controlled trial found that computerized speed of processing training significantly reduced the risk of dementia among older adults. Participants who completed more training sessions had lower risk, with a 5.9% incidence rate compared to 10.8% in the control group.
A Canadian-led study found that perioperative aspirin can prevent heart-related complications after major noncardiac surgery in patients with previous percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). For every 1,000 patients with PCI, giving them aspirin at the time of noncardiac surgery would prevent 59 heart attacks and cause eight major bl...
Induction of labor at 40 weeks is associated with a lower risk of in-hospital perinatal death and meconium aspiration syndrome in nulliparous women over 35. The study analyzed data from 77,327 mothers giving birth between 2009 and 2014.
Evolocumab reduced risk of major cardiovascular events and major adverse limb events among patients with peripheral artery disease. The PCSK9 inhibitor also lowered the number needed to treat to prevent adverse events, making it a promising treatment option for this high-risk population.
A new study published during Falls Prevention Month found that exercise alone or in combination with assessments and interventions is the most effective strategy for preventing injurious falls among older people. Exercise can decrease the risk of injurious falls by up to 38% in people over age 65.
A new study by UC Santa Cruz and University of Cantabria, Spain, has identified hotspots of coastal risks in Latin America and the Caribbean. The Comparative Coastal Risk Index reveals over 500,000 people living in high-risk areas where coastal hazards and poverty converge.
A new study of over 80,000 adults found that strength-based exercise reduced the risk of premature death by 23% and cancer-related death by 31%. The research suggests that governments and public health authorities should promote strength-based guidelines to encourage long-term health and wellbeing.
Long-term statin use is associated with a 30% increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes in susceptible individuals, according to a large study. The findings held true regardless of the clinical criteria used to determine the need for treatment.
Experts argue that increasing physical activity can help older people live independently and reduce the need for social care. Regular exercise can reverse age-related decline and improve cognitive ability, reducing the risk of dementia.
A commercial weight management program delivered by Weight Watchers helped more than half of patients at risk of developing type 2 diabetes to reduce their risk or get their blood sugar levels back to normal. The program led to significant reductions in diabetes risk, with an average fall in HbA1c levels and notable weight loss.
Researchers from Boston University School of Medicine are developing an app to capture health data using mobile devices, with the goal of reducing cardiac risks. The project aims to test various approaches to getting people to use these technologies over long periods of time and compare mobile health data collected in the research center.
A recent study published in Geoderma suggests that high-intensity forest land use like grazing can counteract the positive effect of tree planting on reducing flood risk. Researchers found that infiltration rates were higher under trees when the forest was undisturbed, but decreased when sheep grazed underneath
A recent study in the Journal of Applied Volcanology analyzed volcanic fatalities in unprecedented detail, identifying common causes and victims. The research found that nearly half of all fatal incidents occurred within 10 km of volcanoes, with tourists, media, and emergency response personnel being among the most at-risk groups.
A study published at IDWeek 2017 suggests that women with frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs) can reduce their risk by increasing their daily water intake. The research found that those who drank an additional three pints of water a day were nearly half as likely to get UTIs compared to those who didn't.
A recent study published in the Annals of Biomedical Engineering suggests that unmanned aircraft pose a wide range of risks to people on the ground, with some small drones potentially safe to operate over people while others present significant injury risk. The research found that design features such as deflection and deformation can ...
The study reveals an association between body size and extinction risk among vertebrate species. The results indicate that lightest vertebrates are most at risk of habitat degradation due to human activities, while the heaviest vertebrates face a higher risk of direct killing by humans.