Articles tagged with Cancer Treatments
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Researchers found that a high-sugar diet causes insulin resistance in the brain, reducing its ability to remove neuronal debris and increasing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. This study provides insight into how obesity-inducing diets contribute to disease risk.
A study published in Oncotarget reveals that HER2 mutant alleles play a crucial role in determining treatment response to neratinib and poziotinib. Researchers found that individual HER2 mutant alleles have distinct effects on therapeutic efficacy, suggesting new targets for breast cancer therapy.
Researchers describe the use of ripretinib and repeated surgical resection in a patient with recurrent GIST harboring a KIT exon 11 mutation. The treatment led to extended clinical benefit, outperforming current reported data from ripretinib clinical trials.
A new smartphone app using the APRI+ALBI score increases the safety of liver surgery by providing an individualized risk assessment for patients prior to resection. The score offers a cheaper and less invasive option with comparable predictive power compared to standard preoperative tests.
Researchers have discovered a novel biomarker that enables the evaluation of near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) treatment success. The biomarker uses microbubbles to track tumor vessels and measure the effectiveness of NIR-PIT, which combines antibodies and near-infrared light to destroy cancer cells.
Researchers developed a new tool to evaluate clinical trial results, allowing for more complex research questions and faster treatment access. The 'Chauhan Weighted Trajectory Analysis' can assess multiple outcomes in one graph, capturing disease severity and treatment effectiveness.
A study by Medical University of Vienna found that AI algorithms in smartphone applications perform well in diagnosing pigmented skin lesions, but are outperformed by doctors in treatment decisions. The 7-class algorithm showed equivalent diagnostic accuracy to experts, while the ISIC algorithm performed worse.
Researchers develop a novel iNKT cell therapy approach using canine models, demonstrating improved survival and longer therapeutic effect. The platform could potentially treat human cancers with reduced risk of relapse and increased efficacy.
A study of 5,435 adolescents and young adults with cancer found that those receiving specialty palliative care experienced a decrease in pain severity. However, the intervention did not affect other symptoms, highlighting the need for new interventions targeting other symptoms during treatment.
A new AI-based tool estimates patient-specific cancer survival rates using machine learning, offering personalized prognosis for patients with breast, thyroid, and pancreatic cancers. The Cancer Survival Calculator differs from existing estimators by incorporating multiple factors beyond disease stage.
Researchers from Columbia University have validated GLS2's ability to promote ferroptosis in murine models. This study suggests that targeting GLS2 may be a potential therapeutic strategy against liver diseases, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma.
A study by researchers at Keck School of Medicine of USC found that Black cancer survivors experience slowdowns in diagnosis and delivery of care due to exposure to racial discrimination. Positive interactions, such as ready access to providers and displays of empathy, were identified as key factors in improving care.
Researchers at Osaka University have developed a novel radioactive antibody that can diagnose and treat a deadly type of pancreatic cancer. The antibody targets glypican-1, a protein highly expressed in PDAC tumors, allowing for early detection and treatment with improved survival rates.
A new blood test called OvaPrint TM detects specific nucleic acids in the blood, distinguishing between cancerous and benign pelvic masses with high accuracy. The test has the potential to improve treatment outcomes by identifying the best surgical approach for patients with a pelvic mass.
Researchers discovered elevated miR-18a-5p expression in PCa patients with bone metastases, which inhibited osteoblast differentiation and activity. Inhibiting miR-18a-5p improved bone biomechanical properties and bone mineral mass in a mouse model.
Researchers identified the integration site pattern of lentiviral gene therapies in patient cells, shedding light on treatment safety and efficacy. The study found that integration near nuclear pores is associated with improved safety and effectiveness, avoiding oncogene regions where earlier technologies failed.
The study analyzed 10,000 gene expression signatures to assess their prognostic ability, finding that they lead to accurate patient prognosis in no more than 80% of cases. The researchers emphasize the need for a comprehensive approach incorporating molecular, clinical, histological, and other factors to ensure an accurate prognosis.
Researchers identified a 'guard mechanism' controlling protein GPB1 to attack microbes and cancer cells. The study found that disrupting this mechanism can kill pathogens like Toxoplasma and potentially treat cancer.
Researchers classify UGDH as a molecular indicator of tumor progression in multiple cancer types, describing its involvement in key canonical cancer signaling pathways. Methods to inhibit UGDH and its downstream products are also identified.
Researchers identified a circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) biomarker that can predict disease recurrence and response to treatment in patients with BRAF-negative melanoma. The study found that measuring ctDNA levels and variants can help tailor therapy and improve patient outcomes.
A team of researchers at Mays Cancer Center has identified protein markers that could signal the early development of metastatic lung cancer. These markers have led to a $1.6 million grant and will pave the way for a clinical trial in patients with advanced lung cancer.
Researchers developed three new two-photon probes that can visualize organelles in cells, enabling better understanding of cellular functions and tissue imaging. The probes are designed to detect pH levels, viscosity, and ionic species, providing more specific insights into cell viability and treatment responses.
Researchers at Northwestern University identified a new evolutionarily conserved RNAi-based form of cell death called Death Induced by Survival gene Elimination (DISE), which targets essential survival genes in cancer cells. This mechanism is ancient and effective against all cancers tested.
Scientists from Tokyo Metropolitan University have created a new polymer that can effectively transport plasmid DNA into T-cells during CAR T-cell therapy. The polymer, called PAMAM-G2-Gu, is stable, non-toxic, and doesn't use viruses, making it a promising candidate for next-gen gene carriers.
The article discusses the need to reassess COVID-19 precautions in 2023, particularly for patients with hematologic malignancies. The researchers highlight the increased risk of poor response to vaccination and worse outcomes from COVID-19 infection among these patients.
The American Society for Radiation Oncology announced the winners of its new combination therapy challenge, which aims to improve prostate cancer treatments using relugolix in combination with radiation therapy. The three winning research proposals will receive funding over four to five years.
The University of Texas at Arlington research team aims to develop a novel statistical model and machine learning algorithm to predict which patients will be cured from diseases such as cancer or cardiovascular disease. The goal is to identify patients who require additional treatments, thereby improving precision medicine.
Researchers have identified 11 genes associated with aggressive prostate cancer, which could lead to more effective treatments and earlier detection. The findings come from a large-scale study of over 17,500 patients and may help personalize care for individuals with the disease.
The September issue of the CHEST journal features research on long COVID, including a review on exercise pathophysiology in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2. Original studies also explore asthma treatment with albuterol-budesonide inhalers and sleep therapy using oronasal masks.
Researchers at the University of Nottingham have developed a new way to target and kill glioblastoma cells, a type of brain cancer with a low five-year survival rate. The breakthrough uses bio-nanoantennae to induce programmed cell death in cancer cells via electrical stimulation.
Researchers have discovered two FDA-approved and EMA-approved drugs that inhibit prmt5, a protein linked to promoting tumor growth in several cancers. These repurposed drugs show promise in reducing cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth.
Researchers at NYU Abu Dhabi have developed acidity-triggered rational membrane peptide-functionalized nanospheres that combine tumor detection and monitoring with potent, light-triggered cancer therapy. These nanospheres enable improved efficacy of phototherapies with minimal systemic toxicity.
Preclinical data shows GP-2250's antineoplastic activity in pancreatic tumor cell lines, reducing ATP levels and inhibiting NF-kB. The compound targets aerobic glycolysis, a hallmark of cancer metabolism, providing a potential treatment for various cancers.
Researchers discovered NSMF protein's role in alleviating DNA replication stress by displacing weakly bound RPA proteins and promoting phosphorylation. This mechanism accelerates relief of replication stress, offering a new direction for treating various diseases, including cancer and age-related conditions.
Researchers at UTSA are studying the bioactive properties of Sweet Annie, a plant used in traditional Chinese medicine for over 2,000 years. The study reveals that arteannuin B from the plant has anti-COVID and anti-glioblastoma properties, offering new avenues for targeted therapy.
A new study published in Cancer Management and Research found that 1 in 8 older adults with a history of cancer experienced depression for the first time during the early stages of the pandemic. Those with functional limitations, family conflict, and women were particularly vulnerable to depression.
A systematic review found that antidepressants are equally effective and safe for patients with both depression and physical health issues as those without. The study suggests that treating these patients with antidepressants can improve quality of life and reduce the course of physical disease.
A team of Chinese and UK researchers has identified superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) as a potential target for reversing drug resistance in ovarian cancer. By using nanoparticles to deliver siRNA that reduces SOD1 levels, the study showed reduced growth and decreased resistance to cisplatin in female mice.
A new study from the University of Michigan found significant language-based disparities in patients' access to cancer care. English-speaking callers were able to get information on next steps 94% of the time, while Spanish-speakers and Mandarin-speakers were only connected at 38% and 28% respectively.
Researchers at UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center aim to overcome brain tumor's limited treatment options with ERAS-801, a brain-penetrant inhibitor showing promise in preclinical models. The team is testing the treatment in early clinical trials for patients diagnosed with glioblastoma.
Patients with cancer had disparate COVID-19 mortality rates during the winter Omicron wave compared to the general US population. The study suggests that immune-evasive SARS-CoV-2 variants pose a significant threat, requiring prioritized efforts to prevent transmission.
Autophagy helps protect cardiomyocytes from damage caused by anthracycline drugs like Doxorubicin. The study found that a protein regulator called ER-phagy alleviates Dox-induced cardiomyopathy, promoting cell survival.
A study of 11.7 million adults in Ontario, Canada, reveals that COVID-19 infection is associated with significantly higher mortality rates among cancer patients who do not receive prioritized critical care treatment.
The study validates a comprehensive genomic profiling assay, NeXT Dx, which detects single nucleotide variants, indels, copy number alterations, and gene fusions. The assay demonstrates high analytic sensitivities and specificity, providing personalized recommendations critical to clinical decision-making.
Researchers found four main barriers to healthy diets in young female cancer survivors with fertility challenges, including lack of trust in healthcare providers and motivation. To overcome these barriers, nutrition programs should use evidence-based strategies and tools like motivational interviewing and social support.
Cancer patients face reduced co-determination and insufficient information about treatment, while doctors feel pressured to give harmful treatments. Patients struggle to understand options and communicate with healthcare professionals.
The WVU team evaluated Code Interpreter's features, finding it accessible to students but limited for scientists working with biological data. The plugin breaks down barriers for coding, but lacks internet access and parallel processing capabilities.
Cancer patients undergoing certain treatments are at higher risk of COVID-19 infection, but boosting can significantly reduce this risk. Boosting every three months cuts the risk in half, according to a study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
Researchers have identified a neoplastic fusion transcript RAD51AP1-DYRK4 in luminal B breast cancer, associated with higher ki67 expression and aggressive clinical characteristics. MEK inhibitor trametinib may be effective in blocking the MEK-ERK signaling driven by this fusion.
Women with low-risk breast cancer aged 55 or older can be effectively treated without radiation after surgery, according to new research published in The New England Journal of Medicine. A total of 2.3% of patients experienced recurrence of cancer in the breast five years post-surgery.
Glutamine metabolism plays a crucial role in cancer cell growth and survival, with its inhibition shown to block cancer cell growth in vivo and in vitro. A recent editorial paper suggests that glutamine dysregulation may also impact the tumor microenvironment, potentially leading to increased oxidative stress and cancer cell death.
Researchers from Aarhus University have developed a gene therapy that can stop cell division in a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) by targeting the drivers of the disease. The study suggests that this technology can become a platform for treating other fusion-driven cancers, such as lung cancers and sarcomas.
Researchers have developed a new gene-editing tool that enables the precise study of single-base mutations in cancer-causing genes. This technology allows for detailed experiments in tissues, which may lead to better understanding of genetic changes influencing patient response to cancer therapies.
Researchers found that ranolazine, a heart medication, slows down tumor progression and increases visibility of melanoma cells to the immune system. This combination could improve response rates for immunotherapies in patients with melanoma.
A biomolecule has been engineered to selectively target and remove mucins from cancer cells, reducing tumor growth and increasing survival in lab-grown human cancer cells and mouse studies. This discovery could play a significant role in future therapies for cancer, as mucins are associated with many diseases.
A study of 15,000 adults found that alcohol consumption and risky drinking behaviors were prevalent among cancer survivors. The findings highlight the need for additional research to address the emerging concern of alcohol consumption in cancer patients.
LSU Health researchers found combining an investigational oral drug with standard-of-care medications reverts hormone resistance and increases effectiveness in experimental models of ER+ and TNBC. The study's findings suggest a new approach for treating treatment-resistant breast cancers.
Researchers found that hospitals treating a higher volume of patients with aggressive prostate cancer have better outcomes, indicating a possible association between expertise and resource availability. Further investigation is needed to understand the specific causes behind this relationship.
A new study highlights the difficulty in diagnosing blood disorders like myelodysplastic syndromes/neoplasms (MDS), which can lead to treatment mistakes. The researchers found that expert pathologists disagreed with local pathologists' diagnoses in about 20% of cases, leading to wrong initial treatments for patients.
Dendritic cells have been found to directly kill T cells lacking CD47, providing a new insight into the immune system's ability to distinguish self from non-self. This discovery has potential implications for cancer treatment and raises questions about the therapeutic application of this novel mechanism.