Articles tagged with Behavior Disorders
A Caltech-led team of researchers has identified individual neurons that monitor our behavior, catching errors and correcting them quickly. The study provides rare recordings of these neurons, which are involved in error monitoring and have implications for psychiatric diseases like obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Researchers found associations between infections and higher risk of treated mental disorders in children and adolescents. Infections requiring hospitalization or treatment with antibiotics were linked to increased risks of subsequent mental disorder hospitalizations and psychotropic medication use.
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center have discovered neurons that signal the detection of errors, offering insights into executive function capabilities and possible treatments for conditions like obsessive-compulsive disorder and schizophrenia. The study also found a single-neuron correlate of self-monitoring for errors in humans.
According to a national survey, 2.8% of US children have ever been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), while 2.5% currently have the condition. Despite treatment, 30% of children with ASD remain untreated.
A study found that hospitalizations among homeless adults have risen sharply, with 52% hospitalized for mental illness or substance use disorder. The authors suggest that limited access to behavioral health services and aging of the homeless population may contribute to this trend.
Researchers analyzed brain scans from hundreds of people with OCD, finding that brains get stuck in a loop of 'wrongness' and have trouble stopping repetitive behaviors. The study identifies specific brain areas and processes linked to OCD, setting the stage for new therapy targets.
New research suggests that adolescents with conduct problems are more likely to use cannabis and develop a disorder. The study found no link between cannabis use and increased behavior problems among teens.
Researchers found that people with recent cancer diagnoses tend to prioritize short-term gains over long-term health benefits, leading to behaviors like excessive drinking, smoking, and infrequent tanning bed use. This 'discounting the future' phenomenon can be a significant risk factor for various health problems.
A team of researchers at Kanazawa University used magnetoencephalography to monitor brainwaves in children with autism spectrum disorder and those developing typically. The study found significant differences in motor-related gamma oscillations, suggesting a potential biomarker for autism diagnosis.
A researcher is studying the relationship between dopamine signaling and action control in children with ADHD. The goal is to understand how habits impact decision-making in these individuals and potentially develop new treatments.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of non-digital board games found promising results in improving health-related knowledge and behaviors. The study evaluated 21 studies and revealed that board games can be a widely disseminable method for delivering the benefits of games for health.
A new study suggests that Functional Family Therapy (FFT), a widely used treatment for troubled young people, may not be as effective as claimed. The review of existing research found mixed quality evidence and high rates of reoffending with FFT.
The new guidelines focus on the needs of clinicians and managers providing rehabilitation care for patients with moderate to severe TBI. The guidelines cover topics such as intensity and frequency of services, managing behavioral disorders, and social participation.
Scientists use artificial materials with no natural imperfections to study physical effects that would be hard to see in real electronic materials. They make one of the first observations of a mobility edge in a low-dimensional system, showing an energy-dependent insulator-to-conductor transition.
A survey of southern California high school students found a correlation between concerns over increasing social discrimination and poorer behavioral health outcomes. The study suggests that public health attention and policy changes may be needed to address the impact of public expressions of discrimination on adolescent mental health.
A new study published in Biological Psychiatry found that high maternal cortisol levels during pregnancy are associated with anxious and depressive-like behaviors in female offspring at the age of 2. The effect is linked to altered brain connectivity, particularly in the amygdala region important for emotion processing.
A computerized brain response study of 36 healthy adult volunteers found that practicing a movement makes future similar movements faster due to an unknown mechanism preparing their brains, not anticipation. The findings could help scientists understand how brain-controlled motor responses go awry after neurologic disease or injuries.
Researchers at the University of Missouri-Columbia found that grouping children by similar social abilities, rather than disability or disorder, leads to better behavior outcomes. This approach allows peers to learn from and support each other in improving their social skills.
A new study finds that brief motivational interviewing interventions during routine HIV care can significantly reduce heavy drinking and improve condomless sex behavior among MSM living with HIV. Over a year, participants who received the intervention reported fewer drinks per week and days of heavy drinking.
Adolescents with conduct and substance use problems are five times more likely to die prematurely than their peers. Conduct disorder is a powerful predictor of early mortality, beyond substance use problems.
Researchers discover that autistic disorders are caused by poor maturation of synapses in the reward system, leading to impaired social communication. This finding has significant implications for understanding and treating autism spectrum disorders.
KAIST neuroscientists discover the anterior cingulate cortex plays a role in inhibiting innate fear responses to predators' odors, shedding light on instinctive fear behavior. The study paves the way for therapeutic treatments of fear-related mental disorders such as panic and PTSD.
The increasing use of photo-editing technology on social media is changing beauty standards, leading to a rise in self-esteem issues and body dysmorphic disorder. Researchers recommend psychological interventions, such as cognitive behavioral therapy, over surgery to address these concerns.
Researchers found that patients with severe depression have decreased levels of acetyl-L-carnitine in their blood, which may indicate a specific subtype of depression. The study suggests that LAC screening could be used as an effective biomarker for diagnosing treatment-resistant depression.
A mouse model was created to study Rett Syndrome, showing that low-level MECP2 expression extends lifespan and improves neuromotor function. Therapeutic potential for RTT patients was identified with 5-10% MECP2 restoration associated with improved outcomes.
Researchers at Salk Institute discovered a hierarchical system in the brain that organizes learned behavior, offering new insight into neurological diseases. The study found three levels of control in neuronal activity, providing potential therapeutic targets for disorders like Parkinson's disease and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
A study by Sapienza University of Rome found that children of same-sex parents had fewer reported difficulties and normal scores in psychological adjustment compared to children of different-sex parents. Family functioning, particularly for gay fathers, was also better among same-sex parents.
Researchers used CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing to reduce repetitive behavior in mice with fragile X syndrome, a common cause of autism spectrum disorder. The technique successfully edited the receptor responsible for excessive signaling between neurons, leading to reduced repetitive behaviors such as digging and leaping.
A study published in JNeurosci found that activating the BLA-CeA circuit counteracted anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in rats, even without physical pain. This discovery sheds light on the complex relationship between pain and emotion, potentially leading to better treatments for chronic pain patients.
A new study reveals that half of Parkinson's patients taking dopamine agonist drugs may develop impulse control disorders such as compulsive gambling, shopping, or eating. The five-year cumulative incidence of these disorders is higher in those who have ever taken the medications compared to those who never took them.
Researchers suggest studying individuals, not groups, to understand human health and behavior, as averaging out data from a large group can offer only a snapshot of individual differences. The findings have implications for customizing health therapies and analyzing mental and physical disorders.
A position paper from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends image rehearsal therapy as a useful treatment option for nightmare disorder and PTSD-associated nightmares. Cognitive behavioral therapy, hypnosis, and other interventions may also be effective, while clonazepam and venlafaxine are not recommended.
A recent study published in Psychiatric Services journal found nearly 24% of behavioral-related admissions in children and adolescents are complicated by suicidality or self-harm. The study emphasizes the importance of considering both physical and mental health needs for vulnerable youth.
A randomized clinical trial found that antipsychotic medications increased body fat and decreased insulin sensitivity in youths with disruptive behavior disorders. The study highlights the need for optimal monitoring of metabolic adverse effects in children and youngsters treated with these medications.
Researchers developed a portable eye function test to diagnose schizophrenia faster and more accurately. The study found that the device detected reduced electrical activity in the retina of participants with schizophrenia.
Researchers manipulated brain activity and stress hormone levels to control self-inflicted bite wounds in rats, identifying key brain regions involved in self-injurious behavior. The study provides new insights into the regulation of compulsive self-biting and its relationship with stress and reward processing.
A USC study reveals teenage minorities in Los Angeles are struggling with tanning addiction, associated with marijuana abuse and obsessive-compulsive disorder. The condition is more prevalent among Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders, highlighting the need for targeted education and services.
Research reveals that young people with Conduct Disorder show lower amygdala responses to angry and sad faces, suggesting a possible link to emotion regulation difficulties. The study also found normal connectivity between the amygdala and prefrontal cortex in those with psychopathic traits.
A new study by NYU researchers found that craving can overshadow healthy choices and make people willing to pay more for unhealthy food items. The study revealed that craving boosts the economic value of tempting, high-calorie foods relative to healthier options.
A new study by University of Pennsylvania researcher Catherine McDonald links teenage driving behaviors to mental health factors like ADHD and depression. The research team found that teens with inattention symptoms made more mistakes on a driving simulator, highlighting the need for healthcare providers to address these issues.
A study found that symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and conduct disorder are associated with increased errors in a driving simulator and self-reported risky driving behaviors in adolescents. Researchers suggest that understanding mental health factors can help reduce risky driving behaviors among novice teen drivers.
A new study published by The Endocrine Society found that estrogen replacement therapy can improve drive for thinness, body dissatisfaction, and uncontrolled eating in female athletes with exercise-induced menstrual irregularities. Female athletes with irregular periods reported more disordered eating behavior than those with regular p...
Defects in a nuclear receptor, LXRβ, in the brain's dentate gyrus have been linked to autism spectrum disorders. Early changes in neurogenesis of this region may provide an aberrant template for social function circuitry.
A new study reveals that nearly one in three military personnel meet criteria for nightmare disorder, with trauma-related nightmares occurring in 60% of them. Those with nightmare disorder had an increased risk of other sleep and mental health disorders, including PTSD, depression, anxiety, and insomnia.
A new study has linked air pollution exposure during fetal life with brain abnormalities, including a thinner cortex, which may contribute to impaired cognitive function in school-age children. Exposure to fine particles was associated with difficulties in inhibitory control, related to mental health problems such as addiction and ADHD.
The UTSA lab conducts behavioral assessments and studies food preferences, finding that children with autism commonly reject vegetables and fruits while preferring high-carbohydrate foods. Researchers develop evidence-based practices to help health providers and parents address feeding challenges and promote healthier diets.
Researchers observed how the brain learns to repeat patterns of neural activity that elicit a feeling of pleasure in mice, providing new strategies for targeting disorders characterized by abnormal repetitive behaviors. The findings also have implications for treating addiction and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Researchers argue that individual differences in behavior and cognition are a natural part of human development. A more nuanced understanding of psychological disorders recognizes the complexity of human traits and the need for multivariate approaches to diagnose and treat illness.
Recent research in neuroscience suggests that our experiences shape our perceptions, emotions, and behaviors. Studies using imaging tools like fMRI and EEG have identified neural networks involved in well-being and mental health disorders when considering individual experience.
A study on rats exposed to chronic stress found that cognitive behavioral therapy increases activity in the medial prefrontal cortex, a brain region linked to improved treatment outcomes. The research provides insight into how behavioral therapy can be targeted to improve its effectiveness.
A new study identified a key brain region controlling social behavior and found that altering its activity may contribute to social deficits in autism. Increasing activity led to social problems, while decreasing it prevented social issues.
A multidisciplinary team implemented a behavioral health-focused model for medication-assisted treatment, resulting in streamlined care and increased patient support. This innovative approach has the potential to revolutionize primary care treatment of Opioid use disorder.
A University of Michigan team has identified seven distinct phenotypes in people with bipolar disorder, each with unique biological mechanisms and external influences. These findings have the potential to help patients, clinicians, and researchers better understand the condition.
A Concordia University study found that people who believe they're going to lose control exhibit checking behavior more frequently. The research suggests treating this fear may reduce symptoms of OCD, panic attacks, and other anxiety-related problems.
The Brain & Behavior Research Foundation has awarded $1.7 million grants to 17 scientists conducting innovative projects in neurobiological and behavioral research. The grants support studies on depression, PTSD, eating disorders, schizophrenia, and psychosis, using new methodologies and approaches.
This article reviews mental health disorder therapeutic modalities for the GMS, highlighting effective treatments like mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and music therapy. The authors emphasize the need for trained mental health professionals and propose community-based interventions to promote a better quality of life.
Researchers have tested a potential new drug, NitroSynapsin, in a mouse model of an autism disorder and found it largely corrected electrical, behavioral and brain abnormalities. The candidate drug is intended to restore the signaling imbalance found in virtually all forms of autism spectrum disorder.
University of Geneva researchers found that delayed neuronal migration in the fetus causes behavior disorders comparable to autism. They also discovered that correcting late neuron activity can restore interneuronal connections and prevent behavioral problems.
A study found that kisspeptin enhances male sexual attraction and decreases anxiety in male mice by activating specific neurons in the brain. Activation of these neurons increases social interaction and reduces anxiety, while having no effect on copulatory behavior.
The Brain & Behavior Research Foundation has awarded over $13.6 million in Young Investigator Grants to 196 promising young scientists, supporting innovative research into psychiatric disorders affecting one in five people. The grants aim to identify causes, improve treatments and develop prevention strategies for conditions like addic...