Articles tagged with Behavior Disorders
A RAND Corporation report highlights shortcomings in treating veterans with co-occurring disorders, emphasizing the need for standardized evidence-based treatments and regular evaluations. The study recommends incorporating veterans' preferences into care decisions and exploring telehealth options during the pandemic.
A new study by Penn State researchers reveals that genetic deletions linked to neurodevelopmental disorders affect not only brain development but also other parts of the body. The findings suggest that these deletions can cause defects in multiple organ systems, including heart, kidney, and skeletal structures.
Researchers found that microswimming particles can be made to organize into different collective states, supporting the hypothesis of critical behavior. The study demonstrates a close link between collectivity and critical behaviour, suggesting a physical principle underlying complex animal group behavior.
A randomized trial found that extended rituximab infusions were associated with lower relapse rates in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis. Long-term rituximab use is considered an effective and probably safe treatment option for patients with AAV, according to the study's findings.
A new animal study suggests that exposure to beneficial microorganisms during pregnancy may prevent an autism-like disorder in offspring. The study found that rats given a heat-killed preparation of Mycobacterium vaccae showed no signs of autism-like behavior, unlike those who were stressed and administered terbutaline.
A new study found that children exposed to maternal antenatal corticosteroid treatment have a higher risk of emotional, behavioral and psychological development disorders than nonexposed children. The study, published in JAMA, suggests that the long-term benefits and harms of this treatment should be carefully weighed.
Researchers at MIT have identified a potential new treatment for Fragile X syndrome, a disorder causing intellectual disability and autism, using a small-molecule compound that reverses behavioral and cellular features. The compound targets the GSK3 alpha enzyme, which may also be effective against other diseases such as Alzheimer's.
A study found that 82.7% of female university students had engaged in Drunkorexic behaviors, including skipping meals and exercising after drinking to reduce calorie intake from alcohol. Researchers identified two key social norms driving these behaviors: consuming alcohol and thinness.
A new longitudinal study published in the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry found that children with autistic traits are more likely to develop eating disorder symptoms in adolescence. Autistic traits in childhood precede behaviors characteristic of eating disorders, suggesting a risk factor for developing eating disorders.
A comprehensive analysis of studies on cognitive therapy and psychosocial interventions found moderate to high effectiveness in reducing anxiety in school-aged children with autism. The interventions showed statistically significant benefits compared to treatment-as-usual.
A Baylor University researcher suggests that clinicians should be aware of their misconceptions about Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and educate themselves about the program to integrate it into their work with clients. Both AA and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) aim to help individuals accept personal responsibility for their actions.
A new study suggests that interventions targeting biological, social, environmental and mental health obstacles are most effective in helping individuals overcome non-medical drug use. For alcohol addiction, simple interventions focusing on alcohol use yield the best results.
Researchers found that a telehealth-delivered behavioral intervention improved language skills in youth with fragile X syndrome, while lovastatin showed no efficacy. The study used Parent-Implemented Language Intervention (PILI) to enhance parent-child interactions and promote language development.
A long-term study found that infant behavioral inhibition is linked to a more reserved personality and higher levels of internalizing psychopathology in adulthood. The research also identified a neurophysiological marker, error-related negativity, as a potential predictor of risk for developing anxiety disorders.
A new study suggests that impairments in microglia play a key role in the development of autism behaviors in some cases. The researchers found that protein overproduction in microglial cells leads to impaired synapse-pruning function, resulting in ASD-like social behavior deficits, primarily in males.
A new mobile app, FMF Connect, has been designed to support caregivers of children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD). The app provides easily accessible information and connects users with others who understand their experiences. Researchers conducted focus groups and beta tests to refine the app's components, including a Fa...
Researchers often overlook comorbidities in Tourette syndrome, but it is an intersection of multiple medical conditions. A multidisciplinary approach is necessary for effective treatment and patient evaluation.
A recent study published in JAMA Pediatrics found that Latino/a adolescents with a family member detained or deported are at high risk of suicidal thoughts, early alcohol use, and risky behaviors. The study suggests that current U.S. immigration policies might contribute to serious mental and behavioral health risks for these youth.
A study published in The American Journal of Psychiatry found that individuals with anorexia nervosa have altered brain circuitry that impairs the motivation to eat, leading to severe weight loss. The research suggests a powerful biology contributes to restricted eating behavior and offers new potential treatments.
Researchers found a polymorphism associated with protective effects against major depressive disorder in women. Microglial cells' immune receptors may play a role in neuropsychiatric disorders.
Research by University of Helsinki finds unwanted behavior in 73% of dogs, with significant breed-specific differences. Traits like noise sensitivity and fearfulness are common, while compulsive behaviour and separation anxiety also occur.
A University of Missouri researcher has created a new approach to reducing problem behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorder. The flexible intervention technique emphasizes momentary check-ins, allowing parents and caregivers more flexibility to implement the strategy. This can help minimize self-inflicted harm and social sti...
A survey of UK parliamentarians found that those with additional work roles or probable mental health issues were more likely to engage in hazardous drinking. The study suggests that the high-stress nature of MP work may contribute to increased alcohol consumption, highlighting the need for better support and resources for MPs' wellbeing.
People with higher obsessive-compulsive symptoms tend to distrust their past experience, leading to increased uncertainty and exploratory behaviors. This study found that individuals with OCD have difficulty trusting acquired knowledge, resulting in an excessive need for updated evidence.
A study found that low-dose methotrexate was associated with a small increase in adverse events, such as skin cancer and gastrointestinal problems. However, the risk for kidney-related side effects was decreased. The findings suggest that monitoring guidelines and safe prescribing of LD-MTX may need to be revised.
Researchers are seeking to understand the long-term impact of substance use on delinquent youth. Linda Teplin's presentation explores differences by sex and racial group, shedding light on these complex issues.
Researchers identify specific cortical area responsible for food addiction's loss of control over intake, linked to obesity and eating disorders. The study provides new insights into the neural mechanisms underlying addictive behavior in food, suggesting potential therapeutic targets.
A University of Granada study found that gluten- and casein-free diets do not affect the behavior of autistic children. However, those with associated gastrointestinal disorders may benefit from such an approach. The research also suggests a link between intestinal permeability and beta-casomorphin levels in urine.
Researchers have developed a system to conduct fMRI scans on conscious mice, allowing for the study of brain network dysfunction and neural responses to social cues in autism-model mice. Administration of D-cycloserine was shown to improve social behaviors, highlighting potential therapeutic applications.
The Society for Developmental and Behavior Pediatrics Clinical Practice Guideline provides a framework for diagnosing and treating complex ADHD in youths. The guideline aims to improve systematic approach to diagnosis and treatment for children with persistent ADHD symptoms.
A new IU study found that Medicaid expansion has increased access to substance use disorder treatment, but it did not lead to a detectable increase in hiring attempts to expand the treatment workforce. The study analyzed job postings in the sector from 2010-2018 and found shifts in the types of occupations being hired.
The guideline provides a framework for diagnosing and treating complex ADHD in children and adolescents, emphasizing the importance of psychosocial interventions to improve function. Key action statements include comprehensive assessment, behavioral and educational interventions, and monitoring throughout life.
A pilot study from the University of Central Florida found that judo lessons increased moderate to vigorous physical activity among children with autism, reducing sedentary time. Participants also showed improved social interaction skills and comfort with physical contact.
The study reveals that different classes of neurons control positive and negative motivation, sending opposing signals along a shared brain circuit. This balance determines whether an individual seeks pleasurable experiences or avoids negative ones.
A new study by Massachusetts General Hospital researchers identified over 100 genetic variants that increase the risk for more than one psychiatric disorder. The study found that many distinct psychiatric diseases share a common genetic structure, with genes producing multiple effects in the body.
Researchers at Yale University discovered that safety signals, such as symbols or sounds not associated with danger, can relieve anxiety. This approach differs from behavioral therapy and may be an effective way to augment current therapies for anxiety-related disorders.
A new study found a significant shortage of therapists to treat children with autism, with substantial variation across states and regions. The study suggests that higher public education spending and median household income are associated with more certified Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) providers per capita.
Scientists have discovered a novel protein function involved in the brain's reward circuit, which plays a major role in drug dependence and psychological disorders. The study found that this protein, Npas4, interacts with other proteins to facilitate neural changes and promote gene expression.
Research found that social media use is associated with disordered eating behaviors and thoughts in young adolescents, especially girls. The study also identified strict exercise and meal skipping as common practices among adolescents with disordered eating.
Researchers found that a single infusion of ketamine combined with outpatient behavioral therapy helped individuals with alcohol use disorder abstain from drinking for several weeks. The study suggests that ketamine may improve motivation and reduce demoralization after a lapse, leading to better abstinence rates.
A large-scale study has found a significant prevalence of 'chew and spit' eating behaviour among adolescent teenagers, with 12.2% of respondents reporting the behaviour. The study also links chew-and-spit to increased psychological distress, lower health-related quality of life, and associated disordered eating habits.
Researchers at Salk Institute discover a brain circuit controlling alcohol drinking behavior in mice, which can predict compulsive drinking. The study found that neural communication patterns between two brain regions are related to the development of compulsive drinking.
A new study uses deep neural networks to accurately assess neurological disorders in rats and mice, identifying key features of motor impairments. This breakthrough technology has the potential to standardize diagnosis and monitoring of neurological disorders, enabling early interventions and improved patient outcomes.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University have discovered that neural activity patterns can predict which individuals will develop compulsive drinking behaviors after a single binge drinking experience. The study identifies a specific cortical-brainstem circuit as a biomarker for the development of compulsive drinking behavior.
A UCSF-led study reveals that three in four patients with anorexia nervosa experience some improvement, but only 21% achieve full recovery. Full recovery is predictive of permanent remission and is often linked to family-based treatment and holistic approaches to emotional well-being.
Researchers at the University of Missouri conducted a longitudinal study on catatonia in Down syndrome, identifying Lorazepam and electroconvulsive therapy as effective treatments. The study highlights the need for sustained treatment to maintain recovery long-term.
Researchers tested a two-step task to train people to rely on goal-oriented behaviors, but found no substantial change in behavior or brain activity. The study suggests that the task's methodological drawbacks make it unsuitable for training purposes.
A new study found that early screen exposure, sleep disruption, and emotional behavioral difficulties (EBD) are associated in preschool children with neurodevelopmental disorders. The study suggests that the presence of multiple screen devices in the bedroom and excessive daily screen time are key factors contributing to these issues.
Researchers have found that the cerebral cortex can directly control the activities of globus pallidus neurons in a manner that depends on the type of neuron. This discovery could improve our understanding of why certain symptoms occur in movement and learning behavioural disorders, such as Parkinson's disease.
A new study highlights the disparities in healthcare access and cost-sharing for individuals with mental health conditions and substance use disorders. The research found that those with these conditions pay more for out-of-network care and experience higher costs due to limited availability of behavioral health providers.
A pilot study found that cognitive behavioral therapy significantly improved sleep quality and behavior in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), as well as reduced parent fatigue. After eight sessions of therapy, 85% of the children no longer experienced insomnia, and their parents reported better sleep and reduced fatigue.
Researchers found genes linked to autism spectrum disorder may play a role in people with uncontrolled eye movements. The study suggests the Down Syndrome Cell Adhesion Molecule-Like 1 gene is crucial for normal eye movements.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing have discovered that GLP-1 receptor agonists can reduce oxycodone self-administration and relapse in rats. The study suggests a novel role for GLP-1 receptors in opioid-mediated behaviors, providing a potential new target for medications treating opioid use disorder.
The McLean Hospital Brain Bank has received a new contract from the NIH to fund 180 brains per year, allowing for enhanced procedures and deeper understanding of brain pathology in psychiatric disorders. The center is part of the NeuroBioBank national resource for investigators using postmortem brain tissue.
A UB researcher's study using 26,000 books suggests that the learning environment plays a significant role in shaping language behavior. The researchers analyzed data from 10 different studies involving over 1,000 participants and found that culture-specific books explained much of the variance in the data.
Researchers developed a computer model inspired by biological brain mechanisms to predict and recognize new information, enabling robots to mimic behaviors. The model may help reveal the cognitive underpinnings of Autism Spectrum Disorder, where individuals tend to minimize error and prefer repetitive social interactions.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in understanding the role of microglia in neuroinflammation, a hallmark of degenerative brain diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease. Studies show that changes in microglial cells can trigger hyperexcitability in the brain, leading to decreased sociability and motivation.
A new group cognitive-behavioral therapy program is being used to help parents of children with Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) improve their child's mealtime behaviors. The program, known as the Picky Eaters Clinic, has reported life-changing improvements in parents and their children.
A University of Houston study found that hope increases during cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for anxiety disorders, leading to greater recovery rates. Moderate-to-large increases in hope were consistent across different CBT protocols and anxiety disorders.
A new study found that 58% of suicide deaths and 45% of non-fatal suicidal behaviors in low- and middle-income countries are linked to psychiatric disorders. The research suggests a wider approach is needed beyond just treating psychiatric illness to prevent suicidal behavior.