Articles tagged with Ischemia
A new study found that initial prescriptions of benzodiazepines for older stroke survivors often include excessive doses, posing a risk of dependence, falls, and other harmful effects. Guidelines recommend avoiding benzodiazepine prescriptions if possible, but some cases may require limited use under close monitoring.
The RESILIENCE clinical trial explores the effectiveness of remote ischemic conditioning to prevent cardiotoxicity in lymphoma patients undergoing anthracycline-based chemotherapy. The trial aims to reduce heart failure prevalence and improve quality of life for cancer survivors.
A study published in JAMA finds that balloon angioplasty plus aggressive medical management reduces the risk of any stroke or death within 30 days. The treatment approach may be effective for symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis, but with consideration for increased stroke risk after balloon angioplasty.
Researchers at the Lewis Katz School of Medicine will investigate how injured heart cells communicate with other cells throughout the body using microvesicles known as exosomes. The study aims to understand how specific molecules, such as microRNAs, facilitate communication pathways between cells in the heart and vasculature.
Researchers developed a game-changing blood test that can quickly and accurately identify large vessel occlusion strokes, which have the potential to bring life-saving care to patients globally. The test combines biomarkers with a clinical score to detect strokes with 93% specificity and 81% sensitivity.
A study published in Circulation found that revascularization significantly enhances the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia. Patients who underwent endovascular intervention (Endo) showed slight statistical superiority over those who received surgical bypass (Bypass) in some HRQoL...
A new study has revealed that high-income individuals have a 32% lower risk of post-stroke mortality. Those with higher education also face a 26% lower risk of death post-stroke.
The 2024 AHA/ACC Guideline on the Management of Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease aims to improve patient outcomes by emphasizing timely diagnosis and treatment. Coordinated care among a multispecialty team is crucial in reducing the risk of amputation, heart attack, stroke, and death for individuals with PAD.
Researchers found that revascularization treatment significantly improves the quality of life for patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia, a severe form of peripheral artery disease. The study revealed diminished quality of life among these patients, but revascularization restored sufficient blood flow and improved wellbeing.
A new blood test uses the biomarker BD-tau to predict functional outcomes in patients after ischemic stroke. Higher levels of BD-tau are associated with more severe outcomes.
A randomized clinical trial of 1,680 patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large-vessel occlusion found no significant improvement in disability with adjunctive methylprednisolone. The study suggests that methylprednisolone may not be effective as an adjunct therapy after endovascular thrombectomy for this patient population.
A randomized clinical trial of 336 patients with extensive ischemic stroke found that endovascular thrombectomy improved clinical outcomes across a range of infarct volumes. However, the treatment's effectiveness was limited by low enrollment rates among patients with minimal penumbra volume.
Researchers found that low-dose X-ray irradiation reduced lesion size and reversed motor deficits in TBI and ischemic stroke mice, demonstrating its potential as a therapeutic strategy. The treatment also accelerated substantial motor function recovery and promoted brain rewiring after stroke.
A new UK study found that 1 in 3000 patients experience cardiac arrest requiring resuscitation during anaesthesia. The study, which included data from over 300 hospitals, identified significant factors contributing to perioperative cardiac arrests.
A novel robotic system developed by USC researchers can help clinicians accurately assess a patient's rehabilitation progress. The method generates an 'arm nonuse' metric using machine learning and a socially assistive robot to track how much a patient is using their weaker arm spontaneously.
A research team from USC Keck School of Medicine has developed a more rigorous system for conducting preclinical research on stroke treatments, identifying the strongest candidate for further study. The system uses a network of laboratories and animal models that resemble typical stroke patients to test new therapies.
Researchers are developing a new treatment for ischemic stroke by targeting the prostaglandin receptor EP2, which could have a wider therapeutic window and improve behavioral outcomes. The potential new treatment has the potential to reduce inflammation and provide protection for neurons after an ischemic stroke.
Researchers have identified four specific factors that can predict atrial fibrillation, a condition that increases stroke risk by up to five times. The team developed an easy-to-use tool for doctors to identify high-risk patients, which may lead to targeted treatment and reduced future strokes.
Researchers have discovered a novel pathway that minimizes liver injury during transplantation by activating the protective CEACAM1-S version. This protective characteristic is regulated by HIF-1α and can be enhanced using molecular tools and alternative gene splicing, reducing organ injury and improving post-transplant outcomes.
Researchers tested 25 active agents in a small animal model and found seven substances more effective than standard therapy. Caffeine proved to be the most effective in reducing brain damage, with anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties.
The American College of Chest Physicians (CHEST) has released a new clinical guideline for managing antithrombotic therapy in patients with COVID-19-related arterial thrombosis and thromboembolism. The guideline provides evidence-based recommendations to improve risk-evaluation and treatment course.
Scientists at CU Anschutz Medical Campus developed a neuroprotective peptide that targets a key protein in the brain, providing significant benefits without lasting harm to memory and learning. The temporary inhibition of CaMKII showed no pre-formed memory erase and prevented brain cell damage even at low doses.
The CLIPPER cohort of over 1 million patients found that 1 in 6 died within the first year and 50% survived at five years after diagnosis. The study aims to develop process measures for high-quality care and improve survival rates.
A new analysis of chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) treatment outcomes found that surgical revascularization is superior to endovascular treatment in patients with higher comorbidities. The study analyzed a broader clinical population than the BEST-CLI trial and found similar outcome rates for Medicare beneficiaries.
A new study using NIS data found that patients living in densely populated areas are at a lower risk of mortality from CLI, with females also benefiting from decreased mortality rates. Researchers suggest encouraging active lifestyles and vigorous exercise regimens to prevent progression and decrease mortality risk.
A new study reveals delayed diagnosis of HoFH leads to premature cardiovascular disease, highlighting the need for increased lipid screening and aggressive treatment. Despite available therapies, most patients require further lipid-lowering treatments.
A study of over 7,000 patients found that Black and socioeconomically disadvantaged patients with vascular disease have more severe symptoms before bypass surgery and are at greater risk for amputation and other complications after the procedure. Advanced disease accounted for up to half the effect of race on odds for amputation after ...
The PROMISE II clinical trial showed that LimFlow therapy enabled 76% of patients to avoid amputation and experience wound healing. This minimally invasive procedure bypasses blocked arteries in the leg and rushes blood back into the foot through the veins, providing a unique alternative to major amputation.
Researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine have identified a new type of cell called the vasculogenic fibroblast, which can help create new blood vessels for treatment. This discovery could lead to improved treatments for ischemic diseases such as diabetic wounds.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that wearing tefillin, a traditional Jewish practice, can induce preconditioning associated changes in heart rate variability, leading to lower metabolism and potential protection against heart attacks. The research suggests this low-intensity method of protection could be a game changer for cardiova...
A new deep learning model using conditional generative adversarial networks (cGANs) has been developed to diagnose bowel ischemia. The model achieved an accuracy of over 93% in segmenting ischemic intestine images, surpassing current subjective methods.
A recent study found that restoring blood flow to the legs through bypass surgery or stent placement reduced pain and improved quality of life for people with peripheral artery disease (PAD). The Best Endovascular versus Best Surgical Therapy for Patients with Chronic Limb Threatening Ischemia Trial enrolled 1,830 participants and foun...
Research at American Heart Association Scientific Sessions 2022 found that bypass surgery improves blood flow to legs and feet, reducing major amputations and repeat procedures by 65% and 27%, respectively. The study of 1,830 patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia concluded that surgical bypass is a better option for those wit...
Researchers found that bypass surgery resulted in a 32% lower risk of major medical events related to CLTI, as well as significant reductions in repeat surgeries and amputations. Adults without optimal veins for the bypass had no significant differences in outcomes between open bypass and endovascular procedures.
A new American Heart Association scientific statement emphasizes the importance of managing PAD based on a person's experience of symptoms, rather than relying solely on clinical measures. This approach aims to improve patient-centered care and outcomes, particularly for individuals with severe limb ischemia or comorbidities.
A novel subset of CD8+ regulatory-like T cells (CD8+TRLs) has been identified as 'first responders' to stroke, providing fast-acting and lasting protection. These cells reach the brain within 24 hours after stroke onset, releasing molecules that provide direct neuroprotective effects.
A team of engineers is working on a novel treatment using nanoparticles carrying therapeutic proteins to promote regeneration of blood vessels and muscle in injured limbs. The approach, which has shown promising results in animal models, aims to treat critical limb ischemia, a condition that can lead to amputation or death.
The study found that patients treated with paclitaxel drug-coated devices (DCDs) had a similar survival rate as those treated with non-drug coated devices (NDCDs), regardless of the patient's mortality risk and device type. The analysis included over 168,000 patients treated from 2015 to 2018.
A recent clinical trial has shown that sodium thiosulfate does not reduce injury to damaged areas of heart muscle following a heart attack. Despite promising results in animal studies, the trial did not meet its primary endpoint or show significant differences in secondary endpoints.
A large trial found that maintaining body temperature at 35.5C during surgery does not reduce the risk of cardiac complications or other serious outcomes. The study suggests that routine care with a target temperature of 36C is sufficient and may even be unnecessary.
A new study from USF Health reveals that activated protein C may help improve aging patients' tolerance to reperfusion injury, a potentially adverse effect of treatment for ischemic heart disease. The researchers suggest that drugs derived from APC may limit ischemia and reperfusion-induced heart damage.
Scientists from Japan discover IL-36Ra plays a pivotal role in wound healing, and Cl-amidine normalizes exacerbated I/R injury. The study's findings suggest IL-36Ra as a potential therapeutic target for cutaneous I/R injuries.
Scientists at Lewis Katz School of Medicine discovered that reintroducing the protein LIN28 into adult heart stem cells improves their chances of survival. This breakthrough could lead to new treatments for heart disease using stem cell therapy.
A first-in-human study at Cleveland Clinic found that targeting the dentate nucleus with deep brain stimulation was safe and feasible for promoting post-stroke rehabilitation, enabling significant functional improvement in upper extremity hemiparesis. The study's adaptive design allowed for extended treatment duration if patients conti...
Researchers from the University of Tsukuba found that blocking CD300a enhances efferocytosis and ameliorates neuronal deficits after ischemic stroke. This process involves the removal of damaged cells in the brain, reducing inflammation and neurological impairment.
A new locally acting treatment aims to reduce the severity of post-transplant ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) without affecting the immune system. The treatment targets specific neoepitopes exposed on injured donor organs, reducing the risk of organ rejection and improving transplant outcomes.
Researchers have found a specific protein, circulating fatty acid synthase (cFAS), in the blood that can accurately detect severe peripheral artery disease and narrow the arteries in the legs. The study suggests that cFAS may contribute to plaque formation characteristic of cardiovascular disease.
A study published in Stroke Journal Report found that eating 4-5 peanuts per day lowers the risk of ischemic stroke and cardiovascular disease among Japanese men and women. Peanuts are rich in heart-healthy nutrients that help reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors.
A preclinical study found that age-related decline in two sirtuin enzymes alters mitochondrial dynamics, weakening cardiac contractions in response to ischemia-reperfusion injury. Boosting SIRT1/SIRT3 levels may help protect against such injuries, potentially reducing heart attack complications and deaths.
A new meta-analysis of 19,806 patients with chronic coronary syndromes found a statistically significant 21% relative risk reduction in cardiac death with revascularization plus medical therapy. The study also showed a parallel significant reduction in spontaneous myocardial infarction, but no difference in all-cause death.
A new study reveals that only 32.3% of US patients undergoing PCI for SIHD met ISCHEMIA trial inclusion criteria, while others had high-risk features or negative functional testing. These findings suggest the trial's results may not be representative of real-world interventional practice.
Researchers developed an acellular product, PEP, derived from platelets that heals ischemic wounds by delivering healing messages to cells. The study demonstrates restoration of skin integrity and function in preclinical animal models.
Researchers discovered that farnesyl pyrophosphate, an intermediate in normal cell metabolism, causes rapid and extensive cell death when present at high concentrations outside cells. Inhibition of TRPM2 channels or targeting its metabolic pathway may offer new avenues for reducing stroke damage.
Researchers at Tokyo Medical and Dental University have developed an mRNA delivery system that effectively produces BDNF protein in rat brain to protect neurons from ischemia. The system, known as an mRNA nanomicelle, increases the survival of hippocampal neurons and shows long-term therapeutic benefits.
Researchers developed an exosome-coated stent that heals vascular injury by delivering regenerative stem cell-derived therapy to ischemic tissue. The stent reduces restenosis and promotes endothelial coverage compared to traditional drug-eluting and bare metal stents.
A Phase II clinical trial is being conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of MultiStem cellular therapy for treating injured patients with severe hemorrhage. The study aims to mitigate complications resulting from traumatic injuries, including secondary infections and organ failure conditions.
When brain oxygen is low, neurons produce estrogen that activates astrocytes to increase cell signaling, release neuroprotective factors, and clear neurotoxins. Astrocyte activation is critical for brain protection, and researchers have found that neuron-derived estrogen is essential for this process.
The ISCHEMIA trial results show that initial medical therapy is more beneficial than invasive interventions like revascularization in reducing hard outcomes and improving health outcomes for patients with chronic coronary syndromes. The study's findings have significant implications for current guidelines and future clinical practices.
A new study has shown that patients with intermediate left main coronary artery disease are at a higher risk of cardiovascular events compared to those without the condition. The ISCHEMIA trial sub study found no significant difference in outcomes between invasive and conservative strategies for these patients.
A retrospective study found bowel abnormalities in 31% of COVID-19 patients, with thickening and ischemic findings more common in ICU patients. The study suggests that SARS-CoV-2 may play a role in causing bowel or vascular injury, and further research is needed to clarify the cause of these findings.