Articles tagged with Respiratory Disorders
A study using Finnish data found that the MUC5B promoter variant is a strong predictor of developing interstitial lung disease in people with rheumatoid arthritis, with a lifetime risk of 14.5% by age 80. The risk difference starts to emerge at age 65 and is highest in men with RA who are MUC5B carriers.
The West Virginia Clinical and Translational Science Institute Project ECHO program has been recognized as an ECHO Superhub, enabling outreach support to healthcare providers nationwide. With this designation, WVCTSI can offer training and expertise to establish new ECHO programs, reducing health disparities in underserved areas.
Research shows that removing 'race correction' from pulmonary function test results reveals a higher prevalence and severity of lung disease among Black patients. The study found an increase in the percentage of patients with any pulmonary defect from 59.5% to 81.7%, indicating a significant difference.
Research presented at the ATS 2021 International Conference found that patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) living in poor neighborhoods experience poorer outcomes, including increased mortality and reduced odds of receiving a lung transplant. The study highlights the impact of environmental factors on disease progression.
Researchers conducted a comprehensive health assessment of gopher tortoises, finding that 42.9% had circulating antibodies to Mycoplasma agassizii, indicating an outbreak at one site. The study provides important baseline data on emerging pathogens and highlights the need for further surveillance.
A new study has found that people can transmit SARS-CoV-2 to their cats during the pandemic, leading to mild or severe respiratory disease in felines. The researchers detected the virus in two domestic cats from households with suspected cases of COVID-19 and emphasized the need for monitoring human-to-cat transmission.
A study published in Spine found that patients with cannabis use disorder undergoing spinal surgery experienced higher complication rates, including stroke, respiratory issues, and prolonged hospital stays. Chronic cannabis users were also more likely to require rehabilitation facilities upon discharge.
Researchers found that tocilizumab treatment stabilized forced vital capacity in patients with systemic sclerosis, preventing irreversible lung damage. The study suggests a window of opportunity for select patients to benefit from anti-inflammatory therapy.
New research from the University of East Anglia reveals comorbidities such as heart disease, respiratory disease, and obesity increase mortality rates in COVID-19 patients. Blood pressure medications found to be protective against severe outcomes.
A new study found that physicians hired by employers are less likely to diagnose black lung disease than those not hired by employers. The more a physician is hired by an employer, the less likely they are to identify black lung disease on chest X-rays.
A new study found that premature birth increases the risk of mortality in adulthood by up to 40% compared to full-term births. Chronic diseases such as heart disease and lung disease also pose a higher risk, with individuals born before 37 weeks having twice the risk of dying from these conditions.
Researchers used a predictive algorithm to map out trends in enterovirus D68 incidence since 2014, linking the virus to acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) cases. The study suggests that social distancing measures during COVID-19 likely lowered AFM prevalence in 2020.
A study by Children's Hospital of Philadelphia researchers has identified a combination therapy that provides measurable benefits to patients with mitochondrial respiratory chain disorders. The treatment, which includes glucose, nicotinic acid, and N-acetylcysteine, showed improved lifespan, mitochondrial membrane potential, and preven...
Analysis of 448 patients with heart failure reveals 20.3% readmitted within 30 days and 60.9% within 1 year, primarily due to worsening heart failure conditions.
A NIH study found that face masks increase humidity in inhaled air, which can benefit the immune system and combat respiratory diseases like COVID-19. The humidifying effects of masks vary depending on temperature and mask type, with thick cotton masks leading to the most increased level of humidity.
Researchers found that smartphone PPG technology can accurately measure blood-oxygen levels and heart rate, comparable to FDA-approved hospital instruments. This technology could enhance remote monitoring of patients with chronic cardiopulmonary disease and initial treatment for respiratory viral pandemics.
A novel taxonomic classification of rare congenital diseases with an impact on bone physiology has been established. The classification system groups disorders according to systemic disease, genetic defect, pathophysiology of bone phenotype, and therapy, providing a framework for diagnosis and treatment.
Dr. Lisa R. Young is recognized for her research and leadership in pediatric pulmonary medicine and rare lung diseases. Her work has led to a greater understanding of these diseases and will drive novel diagnostic and treatment strategies.
A recent study by Syracuse University professor Shannon Monnat found that mortality rates are higher for U.S. working-age residents living in rural areas compared to metro areas. The gap is widening, driven by increased mortality from metabolic and respiratory diseases, suicide, alcohol-related disorders, and mental/behavioral disorders.
Researchers have identified separate brain pathways for good and bad coughs, potentially leading to new treatments for chronic cough disorders. The study used functional brain imaging to assess cough reflex sensitivity and identified two distinct neural circuits involved in coughing.
A young woman with kaposiform lymphangiomatosis was treated with a MEK inhibitor, resulting in complete resolution of symptoms and remodeling of her lymphatic system within months. The treatment showed promise for other patients with lymphatic disorders.
A new study has found that social smokers are more than twice as likely to die of lung disease and eight times as likely to die of lung cancer compared to non-smokers. Researchers say cutting down on smoking is not a substitute for quitting, highlighting the risks of social smoking regardless of the number of cigarettes smoked.
Researchers analyzed atmospheric and lightning data to study the relationship between thunderstorms and increased emergency department visits for respiratory illnesses among older adults. The study found that vulnerable groups may be susceptible to atmospheric changes caused by thunderstorms, leading to higher emergency visit rates.
A pre-clinical study led by Cincinnati Children's Hospital demonstrates that barasertib reverses fibroblast activation, stopping dangerous scar tissue build-up in lungs of IPF patients. The drug targets AURKB activity, slowing disease progress and improving lung function.
The article discusses drug-induced interstitial lung diseases caused by breast cancer treatments, which can be fatal. Multi-disciplinary integration of clinical practice and pharmacology may reduce the incidence of these diseases.
A multidisciplinary team has developed a new technique to recover human lungs declined for transplant through cross-circulation between the human lung and a xenogeneic host. This breakthrough increases organ availability, saving lives of those waiting on the transplant list.
Researchers have developed a radical non-invasive X-ray technology that can pinpoint localised areas of deficiency in lungs, improving diagnoses and treatments for cystic fibrosis. The technology, called X-ray velocimetry, measures airflow through the lungs during breathing cycles, enabling better assessment of lung function.
A Yale, Baylor study reveals new cell types in lungs affected by Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF), revealing how cells change in response to the disease. The findings deepen understanding of IPF and could improve treatment of it and other fibrotic lung diseases.
Scientists have discovered previously unreported genetic and cellular changes in the lungs of people with pulmonary fibrosis, a devastating lung-scarring disease. The findings provide remarkable insights into the fundamental mechanisms driving disease pathology in PF and may aid the search for new ways to treat or prevent the condition.
Two studies found that methotrexate treatment does not increase the risk of chronic interstitial lung disease in RA patients, but may even delay its development. This is significant as ILD is a common complication of RA and can be life-threatening.
Adults who meet recommended weekly physical activity levels have a significantly lower risk of death. Engaging in sufficient muscle strengthening and aerobic activities provides greater survival benefits, with those fully meeting guidelines experiencing a 40% lower risk of death from any cause.
A landmark Australian study found even low levels of PM2.5, fine particulate matter in air pollution, increase risk of death from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. For every 1 ug/m3 increase, there is a 2% increased risk of early death, threatening WHO safety standards.
A new review reveals COVID-19 poses a global threat to the nervous system, causing neurological manifestations in about half of hospitalized patients. These symptoms include headaches, seizures, and muscle pain, and may appear before fever or cough.
A new study by ISGlobal found that heat is now more lethal than cold for people with respiratory diseases in Spain, particularly women and older adults. The study analyzed data on over 1.3 million deaths between 1980 and 2016 and found a significant decline in temperature-attributable mortality during the colder months.
The American College of Cardiology and global partners will host a Week of Action from May 18 to 24 to raise awareness about non-communicable diseases. The event celebrates the launch of the ACC's NCD Academy, which provides free mobile app-based training for primary care providers.
A genetic disorder affecting Airedale Terriers has been discovered and found to be associated with a surfactant deficiency in their lungs. The study identifies the LAMP3 gene as a candidate gene for this disease and suggests a potential link to human newborn respiratory issues.
Researchers have identified three genes linked to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a devastating lung disease. The discovery provides potential targets for new drugs and may lead to improved treatments.
Researchers aim to characterize coal dust properties and investigate biological effects of nano-coal dust on lung cells, using a 3D lung-on-a-chip device. This study seeks to understand the toxicity of nano-coal dusts and their impact on human health.
A rare form of lung scarring, typically found in metal workers, has been linked to vaping. The condition can cause breathing difficulties and chronic coughing due to damage to lung cells and the formation of 'giant' cells.
Researchers identified gene expression changes specific to early, progressive and end-stage fibrosis, as well as distinct molecular regulators for each stage. The study provides the first computational model of disease progression in IPF lung, accompanied by an interactive website.
Researchers observed reversed halo signs in most cases of CT-based septic pulmonary embolism diagnosis related to IV substance use disorder. The sign is an early and reliable imaging finding.
Researchers have identified a genetic mutation in the SFTPA1 gene that causes idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a progressive lung disease characterized by scar tissue buildup. Inhibiting necroptosis, a cell death pathway, could be a new therapeutic approach to treating IPF.
A new study suggests that metabolites produced by the body's breakdown of toxins may protect against obstructive airway disease in 9/11 first responders. Researchers identified specific compounds, including protein-building amino acids and omega-3 fatty acids, which are found in diets rich in fish and olive oil.
Researchers used a 'One Health' approach to study three bacterial species in the noses of young cattle, finding patterns that differ remarkably between the bacteria. The findings could help prevent and control respiratory diseases, particularly when infection becomes established in the lower respiratory tract within the lungs.
Research by Ohio State University found that low-income and African-American communities continue to face disproportionate levels of air pollution, exacerbating existing health disparities. The study's findings suggest that efforts to control pollution are not effectively addressing these inequities.
Lung scarring can lead to pulmonary fibrosis and life-threatening complications. Researchers found increased MMP activity in lung tissue affected by Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome, suggesting a new link for diagnosis and treatment.
Researchers studying a $750,000 grant at the University of Illinois Chicago aim to understand how various mining dusts contribute to lung disease. They plan to collect dust samples and expose mice to different combinations to determine the most damaging mixtures.
Progressive massive fibrosis, a severe form of black lung disease, is increasing among coal miners, despite unknown causes. Analysis of lung tissue samples from 1996 to 2019 failed to detect an increase in silicotic PMF, suggesting alternative explanations for the trend
Researchers developed a syndromic surveillance system to detect respiratory disease outbreaks in wild chimpanzees. The system identified 14 outbreaks from 2005 to 2012, including eight previously unrecorded cases, allowing for early interventions and potential disease transmission understanding worldwide.
A new magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol has been developed to identify premature babies with chronic lung disease, allowing for earlier diagnosis and personalized treatment. The study, published in Thorax, reveals increased T2 and decreased T1 relaxation times in MRI data, indicating the presence of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center developed a cross-circulation technique to rehabilitate damaged lungs, extending the assessment time from six hours to 36 hours. The regenerated lungs meet transplantation criteria, potentially increasing organ availability.
A new study found sporadic presence of Legionella pneumophila and Mycobacterium avium in tap water across the US. Microbial persistence was more common in office buildings than residences, with older homes being more prone to L. pneumophila contamination.
Researchers have identified an association between a MUC5B gene variant and systemic vasculitis, a lung disease prevalent in the Japanese population. The study found that patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis are more likely to have ILD if they carry this specific genetic variation.
A novel treatment targeting solitary B cells improved lung disease in CVID patients, offering a safer alternative to broad immunosuppressive therapies. Researchers identified elevated IgM levels as a marker of lung disease progression, allowing for precise timing of treatment and potential future therapeutic targets.
A study published in Nature Communications reveals that genes in lung cells lose synchronized behavior with age, leading to changes in gene activity and metabolic pathways. The researchers also found alterations in the extracellular matrix surrounding lung cells, affecting protein composition.
Patients with interstitial lung disease often experience significant treatment burdens, including drug-disease interactions. The study highlights the importance of careful evaluation before treatment initiation to minimize complications.
The American Thoracic Society has developed a new clinical practice guideline for home oxygen therapy in children with chronic hypoxemia. The guideline makes specific recommendations for treating various respiratory and pulmonary conditions, such as cystic fibrosis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and interstitial lung disease.
Researchers from UNIGE develop in vitro system to form microtubule doublets, revealing crucial role of tubulin in preventing uncontrolled ciliary structure formation. This discovery may lead to new treatments targeting differences between human and pathogen cilia.
A Malaysian study found that 42.6% of smokers who attended a quit clinic successfully quit, with daily cigarette count and previous attempts as key predictors. The study suggests these factors should be considered in interventions for smokers trying to quit.
A study published in Nature Communications identifies extracellular DNA degradation as a key mechanism of lung inflammation induced by silica exposure. Treatment with DNase I may prevent silica-induced lung inflammation, suggesting a new therapeutic target for silicosis.