Articles tagged with Neurosurgery
A pre-brain surgery test using navigated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (nrTMS) accurately maps language centers in patients with brain tumors not involved in these areas. The method's accuracy varies depending on tumor involvement, but it shows promise for improving surgical planning and patient outcomes.
Researchers used sub-millimeter brain implants to determine which brain areas are responsible for facial and scene recognition. The study found that the medial parietal cortex plays a crucial role in identifying faces and places, working together with traditional memory regions to facilitate recognition.
A study published in Neurosurgery found a high incidence of COVID-19 in patients presenting with stroke, including younger individuals without known risk factors. The mortality rate for these patients was significantly higher than typical, with 42.8% dying from their strokes.
Researchers have developed biodegradable polymer fibres infused with nimodipine to prevent nerve cell death after brain surgery. The treatment reduces side effects and minimizes blood pressure risks, offering a promising alternative to intravenous administration.
A new study by Johns Hopkins researchers found that it may take between seven and 16 months for surgeons to complete the backlog of elective orthopaedic surgeries suspended during COVID-19. The US is facing over a million delayed surgeries for spinal fusion and knee/hip replacements.
Researchers at Texas A&M University have developed a technology that sends small electrical currents to the fingertips of someone operating a robotic arm, allowing surgeons to control their movements more precisely. This can lead to reduced inadvertent injuries and improved surgical outcomes.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic discovered that fetal surgery to correct congenital spinal cord defects is more effective at healing neurological structure than surgery after birth. The procedure led to improved brain structure and anatomy in three patients with myelomeningocele.
A Rutgers study found that middle school football players who wore padded helmets and used safe tackling and blocking techniques had no concussions during a 20-practice, seven-game season. The study's results suggest that the use of Guardian Caps and age of participants may have contributed to the low number of impacts recorded.
The use of robots in neuroendovascular procedures could significantly change acute stroke treatment. The advanced technology provides precise control over microcatheters and microwires, reducing radiation exposure for surgeons.
Scientists at Kanazawa University developed a novel method to detect invisible blood vessels inside tumors, which could help surgeons avoid hemorrhage during tumor resection. The new system uses a master-slave surgical robot with a force sensor that detects pulsation based on gripping force, even in soft and hard tumors.
A retrospective study by researchers at UC San Francisco found that removing the non-contrast-enhancing tumor increases survival for adults with glioblastoma. Patients with IDH-mutant tumors who underwent resections of both contrast-enhancing and non-contrast-enhancing tumor had a significantly longer average survival time, around 37.3...
Researchers at Houston Methodist have developed a new method for classifying pituitary tumors, which could improve diagnosis accuracy and treatment options. The test measures the levels of betahydroxybutyrate (BHB) in blood samples, indicating the presence of certain tumor subtypes.
Children who underwent fetal surgery for spina bifida at a young age are more likely to walk independently and require fewer follow-up surgeries compared to those who had traditional corrective surgery after birth. The study found that these children also scored higher on motor skills and had lower rates of hydrocephalus.
A longitudinal study of 161 children with spina bifida found that fetal surgery improved mobility and reduced the need for follow-up surgeries. Fetal surgery also resulted in fewer shunt placements and better motor skills scores compared to traditional postnatal repair.
Trigeminal nerve and hippocampus volumes predict successful surgical treatment outcomes, with non-responders showing larger intracranial volume and contralateral hippocampus volume. The study suggests that neuroanatomical features may be key to understanding chronic pain resistance.
A novel method combining optical imaging with artificial intelligence produces accurate, real-time diagnosis of brain tumors. The system, stimulated Raman histology (SRH), reveals tumor infiltration and enables surgeons to see predicted diagnoses in under two minutes.
Researchers created individualized maps of functional networks in the thalamus and basal ganglia, revealing variation in symptom response to deep-brain stimulation. The study suggests that successful treatment depends on tapping into the correct network for each patient.
A team of neurosurgeons has discovered the origins of the homunculus, a famous brain concept devised by Wilder Penfield. The study reveals that the iconic map was created from Edwin Boldrey's 1936 thesis, which analyzed electrical brain stimulations in human surgery.
Researchers discovered measurable changes in pupillary parameters following asymptomatic high-acceleration head impacts. The study suggests that nonconcussive head impacts may affect intrinsic brain reflex pathways and reflect biological injuries, paving the way for a potential inexpensive and rapid method of determining brain injury.
Researchers found that the brain responds to a marker of vocal stress in the middle of each syllable, which is a universal feature of human languages. This signal allows the brain to split speech into syllabic units and track patterns of stress critical for meaning in English and many other languages.
Researchers have identified individual neurons in the entorhinal cortex that target specific memories during recall. These 'memory-trace cells' exhibit spatially tuned activity corresponding to remembered locations, suggesting a mechanism for selectively recalling past events.
Preliminary research suggests that weight-reduction surgery can help reduce the risk of stroke and death in obese patients. The study found that participants who underwent bariatric surgery were 69% less likely to experience a clot-caused stroke and 68% less likely to die during follow-up compared to those who did not receive surgery.
A Rutgers study found that creating a sustainable neurosurgical program in Santarém, Brazil requires recruiting and training local doctors, who can navigate healthcare barriers with limited resources. The five-year residency program has improved conditions and access for patients.
Researchers found an association between aspirin use and decreased intracranial aneurysm growth rate. Growth is crucial as it increases rupture risk. The study suggests that aspirin may exert a protective effect against aneurysm growth and future rupture, but findings are observational and require further interventional studies.
A new study from Massachusetts General Hospital suggests that glowing particles in the blood of patients with brain cancer may be used to diagnose and monitor the disease. The discovery uses a substance called 5-aminolevulinic acid, which makes tumor cells fluorescent, allowing for non-invasive blood tests.
Researchers have identified a new disease mechanism and potential molecular drug target to protect premature newborns from developing post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus. Treating mice with compounds blocking the LPA receptor prevented excess fluid accumulation in the brain.
A recent study published in The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery found that human skull dimensions follow the Golden Ratio. However, less related species such as dogs and monkeys diverged from this ratio, suggesting unique evolutionary patterns.
Researchers at UCLA Health have developed an experimental brain implant that restores visual perception in patients who are blind due to injury or disease. The device enhances users' ability to navigate the world by detecting movement and distinguishing light and dark, with the goal of one day restoring a full field of vision.
A new antibiotic-coated shunt has been shown to significantly reduce infection rates in patients with hydrocephalus. The BASICS trial found that the innovative treatment saved the NHS approximately £130K per infection averted, resulting in estimated annual savings of £7 million.
A study of US eScooter injuries found that most injured riders are men aged 20-40, with high rates of drug and alcohol use, and lack of helmet wear. The injury toll is expected to rise as eScooter popularity increases.
Researchers at MIT have designed a robotic thread that can navigate the brain's blood vessels using magnets, aiming to improve endovascular procedures for treating stroke and aneurysms. The thread can be functionalized to deliver drugs or break up blockages with laser light.
A study published in The Lancet found that covert strokes are more common than overt strokes in people over 65 who have surgery, with one in 14 patients experiencing a silent stroke. This increases the risk of cognitive decline and other complications, affecting up to three million people globally.
A new study from McGill University uses machine learning-guided virtual reality simulators to accurately assess the capabilities of neurosurgeons. The researchers found that these AI-powered tools can predict the level of expertise with 90% accuracy, enabling more efficient and effective mentorship.
A South Florida partnership is using data to optimize the likelihood of recovery from a brain attack by establishing a regional quality assurance dashboard. This effort enables hospitals and EMS agencies to share quality metrics and outcomes about time-sensitive treatments administered to acute stroke patients.
A new study comparing three types of stents used to treat cerebral aneurysms shows that the type of stent affects a patient's health outcomes. The LVIS stent was associated with superior rates of angiographic occlusion in treating cerebral aneurysms, according to researchers.
A new study found non-internal carotid artery occlusion, balloon-guided catheter use, and better collateral grade to be independent predictors of the first pass effect (FPE) in mechanical thrombectomy. FPE was achieved in 40% of patients, resulting in lower mortality rates at 90 days compared to non-FPE patients.
A new study shows that helicopter ambulance services can significantly reduce time to thrombectomy, a minimally invasive surgery to remove the blood clot causing the stroke. Patients transported by air were found to have an average of 42 minutes faster access to surgery when distances exceeded 30 miles.
A new study demonstrates that transradial surgery is safe and effective for various neuroendovascular procedures, providing faster recovery times with less procedural risk. Patients prefer this approach due to reduced complications and quicker discharge.
A new study found that mothers who had surgery before pregnancy had a 1.6 times higher risk of their newborns experiencing opioid withdrawal symptoms, known as neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). The study, published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal, analyzed data from almost 2.2 million births in Quebec between 1989 and 2016.
A new study found that mothers who underwent surgery before pregnancy have a 1.6 times higher risk of neonatal abstinence syndrome, a condition characterized by opioid withdrawal symptoms in newborns. The study suggests that careful postoperative pain management can help prevent this condition.
A new artificial nose technology helps neurosurgeons identify cancerous tissue during brain tumor surgery by analyzing surgical smoke. The system achieved an accuracy of 83% in classifying samples from brain tumors, with improved performance for low-malignancy tumours.
A new study found that inducing seizures in epilepsy patients can determine the brain region where seizures originate, reducing hospital stays from two weeks to 48 or 72 hours. This method is as effective as relying on spontaneous seizures and could lead to cost savings for hospitals.
A study found that children's brains can compensate for missing regions of the visual cortex after epilepsy surgery, allowing them to maintain full visual perception. This brain plasticity suggests that early surgical treatment for children with epilepsy may enable this type of remapping.
Researchers have identified patients more likely to have treatable underlying lesions from brain-bleeds, allowing for faster treatment. The study found that patients over 85 were unlikely to have a treatable lesion, while those under 50 had a 37% chance of finding a structural lesion.
Researchers from Johns Hopkins Medicine found a distinct subtype of primary central nervous system lymphoma suitable for surgical removal, offering improved outcomes and potential cure rates. The study suggests a shift in treatment approach, moving away from traditional biopsy, radiotherapy, and high-dose chemotherapy.
Researchers discovered a significant association between pedicle screw loosening and the presence of low-virulent pathogens on spinal implants, with coagulase-negative staphylococci being the most commonly found. Long surgery times were also linked to a higher rate of implant infection, suggesting that preventing perioperative implant ...
Researchers analyzed data from 234 patients undergoing minimally invasive laser surgery for epilepsy, finding that targeting specific brain regions such as the amygdala and hippocampal head improved seizure-free outcomes with minimal side effects. The study's results provide insights into the most effective approach for this type of su...
Researchers found that successful epilepsy surgery can restore brain networks, leading to improved quality of life for patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. The study showed significant improvements in brain network activity after surgery compared to healthy subjects.
A novel imaging technique using scorpion venom-derived protein BLZ-100 has shown promise in detecting and removing brain tumors. The agent binds to tumor cells and glows under near-infrared laser stimulation, enhancing surgical visualization. Clinical trials demonstrate the imaging system's safety and effectiveness.
Researchers use optical coherence tomography to analyze tissue samples and identify differences between malignant and healthy cells, simplifying tumor removal operations. The technology offers higher resolution than ultrasound or MRI, allowing for more accurate diagnoses and improved patient outcomes.
This article discusses the latest research on enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in spine surgery, highlighting new operative techniques, anesthetic methods, and full ERAS protocols. Key findings include reduced length of stay, decreased complication rates, and improved patient satisfaction.
The study reports lower hospital stay durations, surgery times, and intraoperative blood loss in awake endoscopic MIS-TLIF procedures. After a minimum of 1-year follow-up, patients experienced significant clinical improvement with durable functional status improvements.
A new study published in JAMA Neurology reveals that a minimally invasive procedure can help identify patients with drug-resistant epilepsy who are suitable for brain surgery. The procedure produces more favorable outcomes among patients, including reduced complications and increased likelihood of seizure freedom.
A comprehensive analysis of over 60,000 surgical procedures found that overlapping surgeries do not significantly increase the risk of post-surgical complications and patient death in most cases. However, patients deemed high risk due to age and preexisting medical conditions, as well as those undergoing coronary artery bypass graft su...
A new study found that closely monitoring brain activity during surgery and adjusting anesthesia levels had no effect on preventing postoperative delirium. However, patients with close brain monitoring had significantly lower 30-day mortality rates.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota Medical School demonstrate spinal cord stimulation can immediately restore some voluntary movement and autonomic functions years after a paralyzing injury. The study expands inclusion guidelines for epidural stimulation, offering new hope for patients with traumatic spinal cord injury.
Researchers found that a minimally invasive surgery combining clot-busting drug and catheter drainage reduced swelling and improved prognoses in hemorrhagic stroke patients. The study showed that every 10 milliliter increase in swelling volume was associated with a 25% higher risk of death at 30 days.
Researchers report on successful separation surgery using advanced technologies and multidisciplinary team, showcasing improved outcomes for infants with craniopagus conjoined twins. The Delaney twins are thriving two-year-olds, exceeding expectations with their development and growth after the 11-hour separation surgery.
A prospective cohort study found that adolescents with a sports-related concussion or fracture experience significant impairments in health-related quality of life, particularly in physical and cognitive functioning. The study suggests that early interventions can aid in the recovery process and optimize QOL.
A biopsy needle with a tiny fiber-optic camera has been tested in humans to help surgeons identify and avoid blood vessels in the brain during surgery. The device detected blood vessels with high accuracy (91.2% sensitivity and 97.7% specificity), reducing the risk of brain bleeds.