Articles tagged with Risk Factors
A new study reveals that depression and antidepressant use are associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in postmenopausal women. Epigenetic age acceleration, measured by GrimAge DNA methylation age acceleration, partially mediates the relationship between antidepressant use and increased mortality risk.
In individuals with a diabetes duration of 10 years or less, bariatric metabolic surgery was associated with greater weight loss and reduced mortality compared to first-generation GLP-1RAs. No differences were observed between treatment modalities in patients with longer diabetes duration.
Research published in the Stroke journal found that teenage women who were overweight or obese had a higher risk of ischemic stroke before age 55. The study analyzed data from over 50 years and suggested that even temporary excess weight may have long-term health effects.
A large health system study found cannabis use was prevalent among primary care patients, with most using it to manage health-related symptoms. The study suggests clinicians could benefit from integrating cannabis use information to assess patient risk for cannabis use disorder.
By 2050, at least 61% of US adults (184 million people) are projected to have some type of cardiovascular disease, with total costs tripling to $1.8 trillion. Population shifts, high blood pressure, and obesity will drive this increase.
The US Preventive Services Task Force recommends exercise interventions for older adults at increased risk of falls, considering prior falls, medical conditions, and patient values. The overall net benefit is small, making a personalized approach necessary to balance benefits and harms.
A study found that nearly 20% of breast cancer survivors experience excess weight gain of more than 10% over six years. Factors associated with this weight gain include lower body weight, younger age, hormone-positive breast cancer, and certain genetic mutations.
Higher Mediterranean diet adherence was associated with a significant reduction in all-cause mortality risk. The study found that cardiometabolic factors played a partial role in this inverse association.
A Korea University study reveals that gastrectomy decreases the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with gastric cancer. The research analyzed data from 2004 to 2013 and found a significantly lowered risk of cardiovascular disease in those who underwent gastrectomy.
A breath-holding test assesses cardiorespiratory health and predicts postoperative pain risk in laparoscopic gynecological surgery. The study analyzed 489 patients and found significant correlation between breath-holding time and pain scores.
Active surveillance for favorable-risk prostate cancer demonstrated to be a safe and effective management strategy, with less than 2% developing metastatic disease. The study found no significant association between delayed treatment during surveillance and worse outcomes.
A new study found that higher lifestyle scores associated with better heart health can lead to a younger biological age and lower risk of heart disease and stroke. The study used DNA methylation levels as a biomarker to estimate biological age.
Researchers found that the angle at which pulmonary veins reach the left atrial appendage affects blood flow and thrombus formation. The study used a sample of 130 patients to investigate the relationship between pulmonary vein morphology and thrombi risk in atrial fibrillation patients.
A matched cohort study found no overall increased risk of early death among women with premenstrual disorders. However, the risk was elevated for young women and deaths by suicide, highlighting the need for careful follow-up and suicide prevention strategies.
Research highlights varied associations between social isolation and mortality risk across demographic groups, including socioeconomic disparities. The study emphasizes the importance of considering sociodemographic heterogeneity in understanding the impact of social isolation on health outcomes.
A recent study from Lund University suggests that tattoos may be a risk factor for cancer in the lymphatic system. Researchers found that individuals with tattoos had a 21% higher risk of developing lymphoma compared to those without tattoos.
First-seizure clinic (FSC) attendance, particularly early attendance, is associated with reduced rates of subsequent hospital utilization. Adequate resource allocation for FSCs may improve timely and equitable access.
The 2022-2023 mpox outbreak in the Netherlands declined due to infection-induced immunity in high-risk groups, highlighting the importance of prompt vaccination implementation and ongoing surveillance. The study recommends swift vaccination programs and continuous monitoring to mitigate future outbreaks.
A cohort study suggests that prenatal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals is associated with adverse metabolic health in children, highlighting the need for public health implications. The findings indicate a potential link between chemical mixtures and metabolic syndrome in offspring.
The study found a substantial increase in glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) dispensing among adolescents and young adults between 2020 and 2023. This trend is particularly notable for females, emphasizing the need for targeted education on sex-specific safety risks, such as concerns during pregnancy.
Researchers found that up to one in seven melanoma patients carry cancer susceptibility genes, suggesting family history may be a bigger risk factor than previously thought. This discovery supports the idea that there are risk factors beyond sun exposure that can influence an individual's chances of developing melanoma.
A cohort study of Japanese older adults found that upward and downward socioeconomic status transitions were associated with an increased risk of dementia. The study also revealed a link between social mobility and the length of dementia-free periods throughout life.
A large register-based study found that young adults with low stress resilience are more likely to develop psoriasis later in life. The study, based on data from over 1.6 million Swedish men, showed a significant link between stress resilience and the risk of developing severe cases of psoriasis.
The American Gastroenterological Association recommends considering endoscopic eradication therapy for patients with low-grade dysplasia after discussing risks and benefits. For patients with high-grade dysplasia, the AGA suggests removing abnormal pre-cancerous cells to reduce esophageal cancer mortality.
Adult carriers of BAP1 tumor predisposition syndrome show a high incidence of onychopapillomas, a benign nail tumor. This finding suggests using these skin abnormalities to identify family members and patients with cancers associated with the syndrome.
A new study reveals that high consumption of ultraprocessed foods among young children is strongly associated with increased adiposity and other cardiometabolic risk factors. The findings highlight the need for targeted public health initiatives to encourage healthier eating habits and reduce the burden of diet-related diseases.
The Global Burden of Diseases study reveals a 49.4% increase in global disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to metabolism-related risk factors between 2000 and 2021. High blood pressure, high blood sugar, and high BMI are key contributors to poor health and early death.
Global life expectancy is forecasted to increase from 73.6 years in 2022 to 78.1 years in 2050, with a convergence of increased life expectancy across geographies. The trend is largely driven by public health measures that have prevented and improved survival rates from cardiovascular diseases, COVID-19, and other communicable diseases.
A study published in JAMA found that hospitalization for COVID-19 increased the risk of death more than seasonal influenza during the fall-winter 2023-2024 season. The research also highlights the importance of vaccination and public health measures to mitigate COVID-19-related mortality.
Research from University of East Anglia found that wearing face masks was no longer associated with reduced risk of COVID-19 infection after the first Omicron wave. The study also showed changes in other risk factors, such as overseas travel and household size.
The 2024 AHA/ACC Guideline on the Management of Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease aims to improve patient outcomes by emphasizing timely diagnosis and treatment. Coordinated care among a multispecialty team is crucial in reducing the risk of amputation, heart attack, stroke, and death for individuals with PAD.
A new study has revealed that high-income individuals have a 32% lower risk of post-stroke mortality. Those with higher education also face a 26% lower risk of death post-stroke.
Cardiovascular biomarkers strongly associated with cardiovascular events and mortality. Adding biomarkers to established risk factors improved heart failure and mortality prediction, but only slightly enhanced atherosclerotic disease risk prediction.
A recent study found that American firefighters recognize the link between diet and cancer risk and are interested in acquiring knowledge and support to change their dietary habits. The study suggests that targeted interventions focusing on individualized support and evidence-based interventions can help mitigate cancer risks among fir...
A Mayo Clinic study of 492,597 patients with melanoma found that Black men are more likely to be diagnosed at later stages and experience worse outcomes due to the disease. In contrast, Black female patients fared better, with a higher survival rate for stage 3 melanoma.
Between 1999 and 2020, colorectal cancer incidence grew by 500% among children ages 10-14, 333% among teens aged 15-19, and 185% among young adults ages 20-24. Researchers highlight the need for tailored approaches to screening and awareness of signs and symptoms.
A study of over 470,000 adults found that those who frequently add salt to their food are 39-40% more likely to develop stomach cancer. The research highlights the connection between high salt consumption and stomach cancer in Western countries, raising awareness of the negative effects of extremely high salt consumption.
Almost 90% of U.S. adults met criteria for cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic syndrome (CKM) stage 1 or higher, with 15% meeting advanced stage criteria that did not improve between 2011 and 2020. Advanced stages were associated with increased risk among older age, men, and Black adults.
A new study reveals significant disparities in anal cancer risk among people with HIV across different US regions. The relative risk varies significantly depending on the region, with higher risks in the Midwest and South compared to the West and Northeast. Screening rates also differ between regions, with New York state leading the way.
A new screening algorithm combining maternal history, ultrasound data and several tests for blood markers may predict most preeclampsia cases in the first trimester of pregnancy. The study found that personalized risk-based treatment decisions may improve adherence to preventative measures.
Researchers found that altering a male mouse's gut microbiota increases the probability of low birth weight and premature death in their offspring. The study suggests a 'gut-germline axis' exists, connecting the gut microbiota to the germline and potentially influencing inherited traits.
A study of an extremely low-income and predominantly Black population found that those earning less than $15,000 a year died, on average, more than 10 years earlier than those with higher incomes. The researchers highlighted the need for policy interventions to reduce mortality and health disparities in low-income Americans.
A University of California - Riverside study finds that medium-sized dogs have a higher risk of developing cancer than larger or smaller breeds. The multistage model of cancer acquisition supports this finding, suggesting that size is a major risk factor for cancer.
A recent study found that individuals with a rare condition known as growth hormone receptor deficiency (GHRD) have normal or improved levels of cardiovascular disease risk factors compared to their relatives. This suggests that GHRD may actually protect against cardiovascular disease, contrary to previous speculation.
A new analysis published in Circulation Research finds strong evidence that transportation noise is closely linked to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. The study suggests that traffic noise increases the risk of cardiometabolic diseases such as ischemic heart disease, heart failure, stroke, and diabetes.
A Swedish study published in JAMA Network Open found that over one million newborns were given unnecessary antibiotics for suspected sepsis despite a reduction in sepsis cases. The researchers argue that the treatment burden is too high, suggesting potential to reduce antibiotic use.
A study published by the American Academy of Neurology found that immigrants to Canada who spend a greater proportion of their lives in the country have a higher risk of developing multiple sclerosis. The study involved 1.5 million immigrants and found that those who spent 70% of their lives in Canada were 38% more likely to develop MS.
Researchers built more accurate cardiovascular risk models using machine learning, finding that women are underdiagnosed due to sex-neutral criteria. The study used the UK Biobank dataset and found that electrocardiogram (EKG) tests were most effective in improving detection of cardiovascular disease in both men and women.
Atrial fibrillation is more common and deadly among young Americans than previously believed, a new study found. The study of over 67,000 patients under 65 years old showed higher rates of hospitalization, stroke, heart attack, comorbidity, and mortality compared to their peers without Afib.
A new study finds that initiating antihypertensive medication in older long-term care residents increases fracture risk, particularly among those with dementia. The study advises caution when prescribing antihypertensives to this vulnerable population.
A recent study found that preoperative GLP-1 receptor agonist use is not associated with an increased risk of postoperative respiratory complications. The results suggest liberalizing withholding guidelines for these medications may be beneficial.
Only 4% of cancer survivors met all four American Cancer Society guidelines, with a mean of 2.0 guidelines met. This study aims to improve understanding of guideline adherence and inform recommendations for patients who have completed cancer treatments.
A study published in the Canadian Journal of Diabetes found that approximately 1 in 5 older Canadian adults with diabetes developed functional limitations for the first time during the COVID-19 pandemic. Those with lower incomes faced a significantly higher risk of developing functional limitations compared to their peers.
Global disease burden rates dropped by 14.2% between 2010 and 2019, but the COVID-19 pandemic interrupted this trend, causing a 4.1% increase in disease burden in 2020 and a 7.2% increase in 2021.
Researchers aim to understand mechanisms behind high ADRD rates among MENA immigrants, a growing demographic. The study will investigate daily living, stress, genetics, brain health, and cognitive ability, using MRI-based imaging and cognitive assessments.
A new study has identified a deficit in the placental expression of IGFBP1 and low circulating levels as associated with insulin resistance during pregnancy. The findings suggest that measuring IGFBP1 levels could help identify people at risk of developing gestational diabetes early in pregnancy.
Research suggests that controlling blood pressure through antihypertensive treatment can help prevent newly diagnosed uterine fibroids in midlife. The study of 2,570 participants found an increased risk of fibroids among those with untreated hypertension.
A national cohort study of over 2 million Swedish women found that those experiencing five major adverse pregnancy outcomes had significantly higher mortality rates. The study highlights the importance of early preventive evaluation and long-term follow-up for detection and treatment of chronic disorders associated with premature morta...
Researchers found a significant association between storing chemicals in attached garages and increased ALS risk. The study suggests that volatile chemicals released into the living space may contribute to this link.
Young breast cancer survivors without germline pathogenic variants are at lower risk for developing a second primary breast cancer within the first decade after diagnosis. This study informs treatment decision-making and follow-up care considerations in this population.