Articles tagged with Surgery
A large randomized trial shows that continuous wearable monitoring reduces time with dangerously low oxygen levels after surgery, leading to improved composite outcomes and safety. The study found a 30-minute reduction in hypoxemia and a significant risk reduction for desaturation events.
The number of US surgeons sponsored for H-1B visas increased to over 650 in FY2024, with a disproportionate representation in rural and impoverished counties. This trend highlights the need for increased diversity and inclusion in the surgical workforce.
The review emphasizes surgical excision as the cornerstone of curative treatment, with recommended margins depending on tumor risk stratification. Reconstruction should be individualized according to defect size, anatomic subunit involvement, and patient factors.
A pilot study found that axillary radiotherapy may be as effective as surgery in killing cancer cells while reducing the risk of painful swelling. The trial compared radiotherapy to axillary lymph node dissection and found similar cancer outcomes, but lower rates of lymphoedema after radiotherapy.
Scientists are developing new surgical stitches that can release anti-inflammatory medications directly into wounds, reducing inflammation and limiting scarring. This innovation has the potential to improve healing rates and success for anastomosis procedures, such as breast reconstruction surgery.
A new study shows that polyurethane-coated breast implants are associated with lower rates of capsular contracture and the need for corrective surgery after radiotherapy. Women who received these implants had a significantly lower risk of developing scarring and needing further surgery compared to those who received standard implants.
A large randomized trial shows measurable improvements in postoperative patients who received continuous wearable monitoring, reducing time with dangerously low oxygen levels and composite outcomes. The study found a statistically significant 14% risk reduction for dangerous desaturation events and overall safety improvement.
A digital visualization and decision support tool has been proven to reduce the risk of anastomotic leaks in bowel surgery by 40%. The study analyzed nine randomized controlled trials involving 4754 patients, providing clear evidence for its benefits.
A new study published in the JAMA Network found that older adults take more than 6 months to recover from surgery, with nearly 20% still experiencing impairments in activities of daily living. The study highlights the need for better post-operative planning and guidance to support the recovery process.
A new clinical trial will investigate whether adding the oral medication vorasidenib to standard chemotherapy improves progression-free survival for people with newly-diagnosed, grade 3 IDH-mutant astrocytoma. The study aims to recruit 400 individuals with this type of brain cancer and evaluate the safety and side-effect profile of the...
A mixed-methods cohort study found daily living impairment is linked to slower recovery in older adults post-surgery. Targeted interventions, such as preoperative education and caregiver support, can optimize recovery experiences for both patients and caregivers.
A Chinese study reports a 100% technical and clinical success rate for robot-assisted brain angiography, with median procedure times 11 minutes shorter than manual angiography. No added radiation or complications were observed, showcasing the feasibility and safety of the YDHB-NS01 system
The NRG-LU005 trial found that immunotherapy atezolizumab did not improve survival for patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer when added to chemoradiation. Twice-daily radiation therapy, however, was associated with improved survival in this population.
Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) are associated with cognitive decline, which may be linked to hormonal dysregulation and gut microbiota alterations. Surgical intervention improves cognitive function, suggesting a potential endocrine mechanism underlying cognitive dysfunction and recovery.
Researchers discovered that tendon stem cells and progenitor cells fail to differentiate into mature, functional cells, instead promoting scar buildup. Immune cells, including macrophages, also play a central role in sustaining fibrosis, creating a self-sustaining environment that is difficult to reverse.
Researchers identify three types of post-amputation pain: phantom limb pain, residual limb pain, and musculoskeletal pain, which behave differently and require personalized care. The study's findings suggest that prosthetic design can directly influence comfort during real-world movement, improving mobility and quality of life for indi...
A new case report describes a large, calcified solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreatic head, emphasizing the importance of multidisciplinary evaluation and long-term follow-up for monitoring recurrence. The case underscores the diagnostic value of integrating imaging, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry.
Researchers at WashU Medicine have developed a new compound that protects the liver from damage and improves nutrient absorption after small bowel resection. The drug, WUSTL0717, was tested in mice and showed promise in preventing weight loss and fibrosis, key complications of short bowel syndrome.
Three UCF medical students presented their groundbreaking research on improving pediatric care for children with cleft palates and skull deformities. Their studies explored the use of robotic surgery, high-tech imaging, and new surgical approaches to enhance patient outcomes.
The American College of Surgeons has released a national framework outlining measurable workplace standards for surgeons, aiming to improve surgeon well-being and patient safety. The framework provides customizable standards that can be incorporated into departmental policies and employment contracts.
Semaglutide and tirzepatide prescriptions increased dramatically between 2018 and 2025, while MBS use rates declined substantially starting in 2023. Recent shifts in MBS use may be more pronounced in certain patient subgroups, such as those seeking sleeve gastrectomy or with lower BMIs.
Researchers at NYU Langone Orthopedics present new study on ACL reconstruction in athletes over 50, finding physiological age determines treatment. They also develop an AI chatbot to answer pre- and postoperative questions, improving patient engagement and education.
A study published by the American College of Surgeons found that repealing universal motorcycle helmet laws resulted in a 26% increase in average inpatient costs per motorcycle crash patient. The policy change led to more severe and expensive injuries, putting pressure on trauma centers and taxpayers.
Researchers at the University of Basel have developed a new laser profile that enables deeper and faster cuts in hard tissues like bone. The top hat profile distributes energy more evenly, overcoming limitations of traditional laser systems and enabling joint implants and custom-made 3D-printed implants.
The study found that representation of underrepresented racial/ethnic groups nearly doubled in cosmetic surgery patients, from 17% to 33.5%, between 2010 and 2023. This trend exceeded demographic shifts in the US population, with an average annual increase of 10% for underrepresented groups compared to 2% for the overall population.
A strategic trauma center placement was associated with reduced firearm mortality in Chicago's high-violence areas. The study highlights the importance of equitable access to trauma care, particularly in communities with limited resources.
Researchers from the University of Ottawa have developed a groundbreaking biomaterial that combines strength, adaptability, and biological compatibility for soft tissue repair. The hydrogel is made from synthetic peptides and can be precisely tailored through chemical design, making it an attractive alternative to existing biomaterials.
A new analysis found that rural cancer patients treated locally have similar surgical outcomes to those who traveled to urban facilities. The study used Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data from Medicare-eligible patients with lung or colon cancer, aged 65 or older, residing in rural areas.
Researchers found Launaea nudicaulis extract improved gastric conditions, lowering acid concentration and increasing pH levels. The study suggests the plant's potential as an alternative to proton pump inhibitors for peptic ulcer treatment.
A new guideline published in CMAJ advises hospitals to implement 21 recommendations to increase environmental sustainability in operating rooms. The guidelines include reducing energy use, using reusable devices, developing recycling programs, and rethinking disposal of unused supplies.
Researchers developed smart 4D-printed vascular stents that expand naturally at body temperature, eliminating the need for external heating. The stents balance mechanical flexibility and radial strength, demonstrating long-term biomechanical compliance.
A new study offers hope that kidney transplant patients may one day have a more effective treatment regimen. The Phase 2 pilot study showed improved kidney functioning in all patients who completed the study, with no patients experiencing rejection due to antibodies produced by the immune system.
A study published in JAMA found that salpingectomy significantly lowers the risk of developing tubo-ovarian carcinoma. The procedure, typically performed during unrelated pelvic or abdominal surgery, is now recommended as a preventive measure for eligible women.
A retrospective analysis of 94 adult patients who underwent PEEK cranioplasty found that surface architecture may influence postoperative healing, with smooth implants associated with higher rates of wound complications and infections. Perforated implants showed lower rates of major fluid collections, especially in trauma patients.
Researchers found that patients seen by cardiologists had lower mortality rates and fewer serious heart problems, including heart attack, sudden failure, or irregular heartbeat. The study suggests close teamwork between surgical and heart teams can improve outcomes after major surgery.
A new AI-powered model predicts patient survival and risk stratification for spinal metastasis, allowing for more informed treatment decisions. The model achieved high predictive accuracy using large-scale clinical data from Japanese patients.
Researchers at the University of Houston have discovered that loss-of-function in epicardial proteins leads to left ventricular noncompaction, or spongy heart, causing pediatric-onset heart failure. A new therapeutic approach may prevent babies from being born with this life-threatening disease.
The Vanderbilt Transplant Center achieved a record 960 solid organ transplants in 2025, saving 85 more patients than in 2024. The center's heart transplant team set a new world record for the second year in a row with 210 adult and pediatric heart transplants.
A recent University of Michigan study analyzed over 60 million Medicare participants and found that total visits remained stable or declined slightly through June 2024. Despite widespread adoption of telehealth, overall healthcare visits stayed steady or decreased, contradicting predictions of increased utilization.
A clinical trial from Finland found that wearing a cast for six weeks is comparable to surgery for healing unstable ankle fractures, with fewer treatment-related harms. The study's results support the use of conservative treatment approaches to stabilize the ankle mortise and promote fracture union.
The new program combines limb preservation, amputation care, and reconstructive solutions like osseointegration to improve identity, functional outcome, and quality of life for patients. Patients will receive coordinated, personalized, and expert care that supports their recovery and promotes sustained overall health.
A study found that the rate of opioid use disorder medication use among surgical patients increased significantly between 2016 and 2022. The majority of users were taking buprenorphine, which has advantages in safety and pain control compared to other options.
The study found that medical tourism postoperative complications may cost the NHS up to £20,000 per patient. The analysis of existing data revealed that patients who underwent surgery abroad were more likely to experience moderate to severe complications, with treatment costs ranging from £1058 to £19,549.
A new study reveals that people with an unexpectedly high metabolic BMI have up to a five times higher risk level for diseases such as diabetes and fatty liver. Metabolic BMI is based on advanced metabolomic analyses and identifies obesity-linked changes in metabolism that can be present even at normal weight.
Both bariatric surgery and semaglutide treatment were associated with significant fat mass loss, moderate fat-free mass loss, and an improved FFM to fat mass ratio. These findings support interventions aimed at preserving muscle mass while promoting weight loss.
Two new studies found that around 1 in 8 day-case surgery patients are admitted to hospital for complications, while 1 in 14 develop chronic pain at the operative site. Chronic post-surgical pain is more common in certain procedures and among patients with medical problems, with orthopaedic and breast surgeries showing higher rates.
Researchers at NIH and Emory School of Medicine have successfully performed a minimally invasive coronary artery bypass without cutting the chest wall. The new technique, called ventriculo-coronary transcatheter outward navigation and re-entry (VECTOR), creates a new route for blood flow that is safe from potential blockages.
A study found that high PD-L1 levels are associated with increased risk of lymph node metastasis and poorer recurrence-free survival rates in patients with pulmonary adenocarcinoma. This suggests that PD-L1 expression may serve as a potential indicator for early postoperative recurrence.
A simulation study forecasted potential injury reductions in the US with AV adoption, suggesting a possible decrease in road traffic injuries. However, predicted confidence intervals remain broad, and no scenario reduced injuries outside of these bounds.
A new study published in JAMA Network Open found that older adults living in economically disadvantaged neighborhoods spend significantly fewer days at home after a hip fracture. The researchers analyzed Medicare data and found that people in the most deprived areas spent about 23 fewer days at home compared to those in less disadvanta...
A systematic review found that pancreatic cancer surgery significantly increases the risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM), particularly in patients with known risk factors. The study analyzed 45 studies and found an overall incidence of NODM of 24.5%, with a higher rate in those who underwent distal pancreatectomy.
A study highlights how social media is transforming neurosurgical education, collaboration, and case consultations globally. Platforms like Neurosurgery Cocktail have democratized neurosurgical knowledge, supporting high-level discourse among experts.
A study from Rangsit University shows that a simple bypass protocol guided by mean transit time can improve symptoms in 80% of patients with chronic cerebral occlusion or moyamoya disease. The protocol uses non-stress testing to evaluate cerebrovascular reserve and predict postoperative improvement.
A targeted treatment approach significantly reduces moderate and severe acute kidney injury after major surgery in high-risk patients identified by biomarkers. The study shows that a closely monitored set of clinical measures provides effective protection in the first hours after surgery.
Using GLP-1 receptor agonists may lower the risk of vertebral compression fractures and related surgical interventions in people with type 2 diabetes. The study suggests that these medications have a bone-protective effect, offering benefits for patients.
A study of 8,273 patients found that tranexamic acid significantly reduced the need for blood transfusions and did not increase the risk of blood clots. The medication promotes blood clotting, essential to stop bleeding during surgery, without increasing life-threatening complications.
A Rutgers Health study found that patients aware of family members' past gallbladder surgery were more likely to seek early help and less likely to undergo high-risk, emergency gallbladder removal. This knowledge helped doctors avoid misinterpreting symptoms such as chest pain and nausea, leading to earlier diagnoses and treatments.
A study found cryopreserved platelets to be a cost-effective option for managing surgical bleeding in cardiac surgery, dominating liquid-stored platelets in this setting. Further investigation is required to assess the economic benefits of cryopreserved platelets in broader populations.
NEJM Clinician curates highly relevant clinical insights from over 150 peer-reviewed journals to give physicians clear guidance without the noise. The weekly publication delivers summaries and commentary in a concise, 30-minute read, helping healthcare providers stay informed and confident in their decisions.
A large clinical trial published in JAMA Surgery shows that prehabilitation can reduce disability after surgery in older adults with frailty, provided they fully participate in the program. Participants who completed at least 75% of exercises had significantly lower levels of disability after surgery.