Articles tagged with Surgery
A new study found that diaphragmatic dome height on chest X-rays is a practical prognostic marker for predicting long-term outcomes and respiratory-related deaths in lung cancer patients with breathing disorders. Lower DDH before surgery was associated with poorer survival rates.
A multicenter clinical trial found that implementing ERPs improved outcomes for children undergoing gastrointestinal surgery, with reduced time to regular diet after surgery and decreased opioid use. Hospitals with strong quality improvement culture and commitment to ERPs saw the most success in implementation.
A randomized controlled trial conducted by Mass General Brigham researchers found that a parental support package significantly reduced burnout in child-bearing physician trainees. The package included wearable breast pumps, digital perinatal care access, and faculty mentorship.
A study found a significant decrease in metabolic bariatric surgery utilization between 2022 and 2024, with a 34.1% drop, while glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) use increased by 140.4% during the same period. This trend may continue due to growing prescribing of GLP-1s.
A new study found that a pediatric surgery program reduced opioid use during hospitalization by 56%. The program, which includes 21 best practices, also improved recovery outcomes for children, including faster eating, shorter hospital stays, and lower complication rates.
A Capital Medical University study reveals that intraoperative signal changes can predict vision loss during brain tumor surgery. Researchers found that a specific signal component, N75-P100, is strongly associated with postoperative visual outcomes.
A new position statement from the Society of Interventional Radiology highlights the growing role of genicular artery embolization (GAE) in treating symptomatic knee osteoarthritis. GAE is a safe and durable joint-preserving intervention that targets inflammatory and neurovascular drivers of KOA-related pain.
Researchers develop tailored revascularization approach for moyamoya disease, improving circulation while minimizing complications. The technique, called STAPC, uses vessel diameter, blood-flow dynamics, and recipient brain arteries to guide surgical decisions.
Photoacoustic imaging uses lasers to reveal hidden blood vessels and nerve bundles, guiding surgeons for fewer complications. The technique enables real-time augmented reality video feeds during laparoscopic surgeries.
Researchers explore how next-gen AI and sensor-rich operating rooms can enable more precise, data-driven, personalized surgery. Advances in multimodal data integration, machine learning, and robotic systems could enhance situational awareness and intraoperative decision-making.
A study of over 31,000 patients found that pneumonia occurred more often after breathing tubes were removed than during ventilation, with most cases developing within a 1–2 week window after surgery. Early assessment and intervention focusing on swallowing function are crucial for prevention and improved outcomes.
Children who need life-saving emergency surgery are nearly six times more likely to die if treated in poorer countries compared to wealthier ones. Major differences in care, including delayed hospital arrival and limited access to critical treatments, contribute to this disparity.
Experts warn that AI-enhanced surgical robotics could enable true personalized surgery and enhance surgical team performance. However, regulatory reforms are needed to address risks from adaptive systems and ensure patient benefits.
A study by the University of Gothenburg reveals that changes in gut bacteria composition after bariatric surgery are strongly associated with improved glucose metabolism and insulin release. Patients with type 2 diabetes who achieved improved glycemic control exhibited greater microbial gene richness and enhanced fermentation processes.
The ERASur clinical trial is investigating whether total ablative therapy can improve overall survival in patients with newly diagnosed, limited metastatic colorectal cancer. The study has reached one-third patient accrual milestone, signaling strong momentum.
A new study from the University of Surrey found that surgeons from underrepresented groups are more likely to leave training and less likely to be promoted in environments dominated by White men. The study suggests that formal rules and systems are not enough to overcome informal networks and cultural factors that perpetuate inequality.
Research finds association between high air pollution and increased risk of post-surgical complications, including sepsis, pneumonia, and surgical wound infection. Higher levels of PM2.5 air pollution above EPA daily limits increase risk by 8%.
A new study found that patients who take more than 1,000 steps per day after surgery have a 18% lower odds of complications, 16% lower odds of readmission, and 6% shorter hospital stays. This suggests that step count is not just a marker of wellness but a key component of recovery.
The ASPIRE trial aims to enroll 1,200 participants with advanced prostate cancer and assess the impact of chemotherapy on overall survival and disease progression. Genetic profiling is included to identify patients who benefit most from intensified treatment.
A pioneering study by the University of Eastern Finland confirms that total hip arthroplasty leads to better outcomes than conservative treatment for patients with moderate-to-severe hip osteoarthritis. The surgery significantly improved pain, functional capacity, and quality of life compared to conservative treatment alone.
A single-center study demonstrates uterus transplant feasibility in multidisciplinary centers, supporting its use for women with absolute uterine factor infertility. Ongoing reporting and data sharing will refine risk estimates and optimize patient counseling.
Hypervision Surgical, a King's College London spinout, has raised £17m in Series A funding to progress its UK-certified and FDA-cleared HYPERSNAP system. The technology combines advanced spectral sensing with cloud-enabled AI analytics to provide real-time insights into tissue physiology during surgery.
A review of 23 randomized controlled trials found that both exercise-based and nutrition-based prehabilitation programs can improve recovery after surgery. Exercise-based programs were most often used in orthopedic cases, while nutrition-based programs were primarily used in gastrointestinal and cardiac surgeries.
Researchers found that women with prediabetes had persistent changes in gene expression in fat tissue after bariatric surgery, leading to impaired lipid metabolism and greater weight regain. Despite clinical improvement, these molecular alterations may reduce the ability of adipose tissue to adapt after weight loss.
A new treatment using low-dose nivolumab injections into precancerous oral lesions significantly reduced lesion size and risk of cancer progression. The study showed a 60% average reduction in lesion size and complete pathologic response in six patients, with no dose-limiting side effects.
The Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology has several active trials specifically designed to help people with head and neck cancers. Trials include testing high-dose prophylactic gabapentin to prevent opioid use during treatment, as well as immunotherapy with nivolumab and cabozantinib for mucosal melanoma and nasopharyngeal carcino...
A study by the Alliance Foundation Trials shows that combining immunotherapy and chemotherapy before surgery can help more patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer undergo complete cancer resection, improving their long-term health. The treatment also led to high rates of lymph node clearance and successful surgical re...
A video game developed to improve trauma triage decision making in emergency doctors has shown promising results. The game reduced under-triage rates for older patients by 49% compared to those who did not play the game, suggesting improved diagnostic abilities and adherence to guidelines.
A new study led by Dartmouth Cancer Center identifies key barriers to timely head and neck cancer treatment in rural areas, including transportation and caregiver challenges. The research highlights the importance of dedicated staff, strong community ties, and peer support in navigating the complexity of cancer care.
A new clinical trial at the University of Cincinnati is testing a peptide solution to treat prosthetic joint infections after total knee replacement. The trial aims to reduce the need for repeat surgeries and expand the treatment window beyond two weeks.
A new analysis from UC San Francisco argues that diagnostics are being overlooked, slowing progress against major diseases despite advances in targeted therapies. The study suggests that nearly half of the world's population lacks adequate access to diagnostics due to inadequate investment and insurance reimbursement.
The Adams Valve Institute aims to expand the treatment of valvular heart disease, focusing on complex surgeries and underserved populations. The Institute will promote innovation in advanced imaging, reconstructive surgical techniques, and breakthrough research.
East Campus Medical Center has doubled its average daily census since 2024, with over 4,000 patients transferring to the hospital from other UC San Diego Health locations. The hospital now offers expanded services in cardiology, gastroenterology, and more, with a focus on continuity and relationship-based medicine.
A team of researchers at North Carolina State University has created an injectable microgel called B-knob triggered microgels (BK-TriGs) that can help reduce bleeding in infants during surgery. The microgel works by mimicking the mechanical properties of natural platelets, which helps to create fibrin networks and stanch bleeding.
Postoperative rebleeding is a critical complication of minimally invasive surgery for intracerebral hemorrhage, significantly reducing survival rates and functional recovery levels. The review outlines standardized definitions, dual pathogenic mechanisms, risk profiling, and stratified prevention strategies to address this challenge.
A minimally invasive procedure using a clip to repair the valve significantly reduced heart failure hospitalizations by 40% in patients with severe tricuspid regurgitation. The study, presented at the American College of Cardiology's Annual Scientific Session, showed improved long-term outcomes without crossover between treatment groups.
The PRO-TAVI study found that older, high-risk patients can safely defer percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) until after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), with comparable outcomes between the two groups. Omitting PCI before TAVR did not increase the risk of death, heart attack, stroke, or moderate to severe bleeding.
The Emboliner device performed comparably to the Sentinel device in protecting against stroke and death in patients undergoing TAVR. The study found that both devices captured similar amounts of debris particles, with the Emboliner capturing three times as many larger particles.
A minimally invasive procedure to insert a new valve showed lower one-year event rates for death or disabling stroke compared to traditional repeat mitral valve replacement surgery. The study found that transcatheter mitral valve-in-valve (mVIV) reduced in-hospital deaths, acute kidney injury, and life-threatening bleeding complications.
A large randomized trial shows that continuous wearable monitoring reduces time with dangerously low oxygen levels after surgery, leading to improved composite outcomes and safety. The study found a 30-minute reduction in hypoxemia and a significant risk reduction for desaturation events.
A study found that tumor DNA in patients' blood can predict whether breast cancer will return, especially after neoadjuvant treatment. Patients with detectable DNA at the end of treatment were 3.5 times more likely to relapse during follow-up.
Researchers have reported early, reassuring results from the LORD trial on active surveillance for low-risk DCIS. The study found that patients with active surveillance did not experience worse early outcomes compared to those who underwent immediate surgery, and that many chose active surveillance over surgery.
The number of US surgeons sponsored for H-1B visas increased to over 650 in FY2024, with a disproportionate representation in rural and impoverished counties. This trend highlights the need for increased diversity and inclusion in the surgical workforce.
The review emphasizes surgical excision as the cornerstone of curative treatment, with recommended margins depending on tumor risk stratification. Reconstruction should be individualized according to defect size, anatomic subunit involvement, and patient factors.
A pilot study found that axillary radiotherapy may be as effective as surgery in killing cancer cells while reducing the risk of painful swelling. The trial compared radiotherapy to axillary lymph node dissection and found similar cancer outcomes, but lower rates of lymphoedema after radiotherapy.
A large randomized trial shows measurable improvements in postoperative patients who received continuous wearable monitoring, reducing time with dangerously low oxygen levels and composite outcomes. The study found a statistically significant 14% risk reduction for dangerous desaturation events and overall safety improvement.
Scientists are developing new surgical stitches that can release anti-inflammatory medications directly into wounds, reducing inflammation and limiting scarring. This innovation has the potential to improve healing rates and success for anastomosis procedures, such as breast reconstruction surgery.
A new study shows that polyurethane-coated breast implants are associated with lower rates of capsular contracture and the need for corrective surgery after radiotherapy. Women who received these implants had a significantly lower risk of developing scarring and needing further surgery compared to those who received standard implants.
A digital visualization and decision support tool has been proven to reduce the risk of anastomotic leaks in bowel surgery by 40%. The study analyzed nine randomized controlled trials involving 4754 patients, providing clear evidence for its benefits.
A new study published in the JAMA Network found that older adults take more than 6 months to recover from surgery, with nearly 20% still experiencing impairments in activities of daily living. The study highlights the need for better post-operative planning and guidance to support the recovery process.
A new clinical trial will investigate whether adding the oral medication vorasidenib to standard chemotherapy improves progression-free survival for people with newly-diagnosed, grade 3 IDH-mutant astrocytoma. The study aims to recruit 400 individuals with this type of brain cancer and evaluate the safety and side-effect profile of the...
A Chinese study reports a 100% technical and clinical success rate for robot-assisted brain angiography, with median procedure times 11 minutes shorter than manual angiography. No added radiation or complications were observed, showcasing the feasibility and safety of the YDHB-NS01 system
A mixed-methods cohort study found daily living impairment is linked to slower recovery in older adults post-surgery. Targeted interventions, such as preoperative education and caregiver support, can optimize recovery experiences for both patients and caregivers.
The NRG-LU005 trial found that immunotherapy atezolizumab did not improve survival for patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer when added to chemoradiation. Twice-daily radiation therapy, however, was associated with improved survival in this population.
Researchers discovered that tendon stem cells and progenitor cells fail to differentiate into mature, functional cells, instead promoting scar buildup. Immune cells, including macrophages, also play a central role in sustaining fibrosis, creating a self-sustaining environment that is difficult to reverse.
Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) are associated with cognitive decline, which may be linked to hormonal dysregulation and gut microbiota alterations. Surgical intervention improves cognitive function, suggesting a potential endocrine mechanism underlying cognitive dysfunction and recovery.
Researchers at WashU Medicine have developed a new compound that protects the liver from damage and improves nutrient absorption after small bowel resection. The drug, WUSTL0717, was tested in mice and showed promise in preventing weight loss and fibrosis, key complications of short bowel syndrome.
Researchers identify three types of post-amputation pain: phantom limb pain, residual limb pain, and musculoskeletal pain, which behave differently and require personalized care. The study's findings suggest that prosthetic design can directly influence comfort during real-world movement, improving mobility and quality of life for indi...
A new case report describes a large, calcified solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreatic head, emphasizing the importance of multidisciplinary evaluation and long-term follow-up for monitoring recurrence. The case underscores the diagnostic value of integrating imaging, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry.
Semaglutide and tirzepatide prescriptions increased dramatically between 2018 and 2025, while MBS use rates declined substantially starting in 2023. Recent shifts in MBS use may be more pronounced in certain patient subgroups, such as those seeking sleeve gastrectomy or with lower BMIs.