Articles tagged with Surgery
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A randomized trial found that adenotonsillectomy surgery reduced healthcare utilization in children with mild sleep-disordered breathing by 32% fewer doctor visits and 48% fewer prescriptions. This effective early intervention supports reducing behavioral, neurocognitive, cardiovascular, and cardiometabolic issues.
Researchers found that exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) stored in body fat leads to disruptions in lipid metabolism and altered prostaglandin pathways, contributing to long-term higher blood pressure in adolescents. POPs diminish the beneficial effect of bariatric surgery on improved blood pressure.
A new analysis by UCLA Health finds that psychological prehabilitation can significantly enhance recovery after surgery, reducing hospital stays and pain. The study also found that psychotherapy-based interventions can lower anxiety and depression levels after surgery.
Researchers found that the current standard monitoring time of one-and-a-half to two months following surgery is too short to accurately identify recurrence and inform treatment decisions. Monitoring PSA levels for at least three months can avoid overtreatment and mislabel patients as having recurred.
Recent research suggests that some invasive cancers diagnosed in early-stage breast cancer may not need immediate surgery, highlighting the importance of more precise screening methods for DCIS. The COMET trial found that at least half of invasive breast cancers take years to progress or may never progress at all.
Researchers at MD Anderson have made significant breakthroughs in understanding pancreatic cancer's evolutionary process and developing new treatment strategies. They also discovered that surgical resection can enhance antitumor response in patients receiving immune checkpoint therapy for advanced kidney cancer.
The article explores the role of AI in engineering, highlighting benefits such as improved transportation and manufacturing, but also raises concerns about safety, privacy, bias, and governance. The authors discuss weaknesses in data-driven models and call for research into regulatory frameworks to address these issues.
A new study introduces an online tool to guide surgical decisions for gallbladder cancer, identifying key risk factors that can help predict futile surgery. The tool may improve overall survival rates and reduce unnecessary risks for patients with advanced-stage disease.
A study of 350 patients found that taking semaglutide before bariatric surgery did not increase total weight loss and had similar health outcomes to surgery alone. Researchers suggest a surgery-first strategy may lead to better obesity treatment outcomes.
A cohort study found no significant association between preoperative GLP-1 RA use and short-term postoperative aspiration pneumonia. The study suggests reassessing preoperative withholding guidelines for GLP-1 RAs. Researchers hope this finding can help alleviate growing concerns about adverse effects of these medications after surgery.
The concomitant Cox-Maze procedure with aortic valve replacement in patients with atrial fibrillation showed lower rates of atrial fibrillation and higher anticoagulation discontinuation rates. Long-term outcomes were favorable, with no significant increase in early mortality or morbidity.
Patients undergoing surgery immediately before a weekend experienced significantly higher risks of postoperative complications, hospital readmissions, and death compared to those treated after the weekend. The study emphasizes the need for improved care quality regardless of the day of the week.
A recent study from the University of Gothenburg found that dental implants continue to function well after nearly forty years. The implants, developed by Professor Per-Ingvar Brånemark, have been shown to remain stable and integrate with bone over an extended period.
Surgical adhesions form after surgery, causing severe complications like bowel obstructions, chronic pain, and infertility. A new report explores solutions to this widespread problem, including the development of standardized tools and innovative treatments.
A new stem cell transplant treatment has shown promising results in clearing clinical safety hurdles for the treatment of wet age-related macular degeneration. The treatment involves removing abnormal blood vessels and transplanting stem cell-derived retinal cells to replace damaged or lost retinal cells.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University have successfully generated feline embryonic stem cells, a major breakthrough for veterinary regenerative medicine. The high-quality stem cells can differentiate into various cell types and be transplanted to restore internal damage.
A new study found that interventions before, during, and after abdominal surgery did not reduce the severity of lung complications in patients compared to usual care. Lung function can make recovery more difficult and increase the risk of serious complications.
Increased visceral adipose tissue density and decreased skeletal muscle area are predictors of post-esophagectomy pulmonary complications. Decreased skeletal muscle density is associated with poorer overall survival. Routine morphomic analysis can help identify patients at risk and tailor perioperative care.
A novel LASSO-derived model was developed to predict coagulation disorders after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in elderly individuals. The model demonstrated good prediction performance, identifying preoperative and intraoperative variables associated with coagulation disorders.
Preoperative anemia is a recognized risk factor for adverse outcomes in CABG, but it does not affect the long-term survival advantage associated with CABG. This study provides evidence that surgical intervention can still be beneficial for ICM patients despite preoperative anemia.
A cohort study found that patients with obesity undergoing joint replacement who experienced significant weight loss after initiating anti-obesity medications had a lower risk of 5-year and 10-year revision. This suggests that safe and sustainable weight loss may improve implant survivorship in obese patients.
A study at Michigan Medicine found that using less polluting inhaled anesthetic agents reduced CO2 equivalents by over 14 kg per case. This resulted in a 50% decrease in harmful emissions without impacting patient safety or outcomes.
A long-term study found that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass outperforms sleeve gastrectomy in treating obesity, with patients losing more excess body mass index. The Swiss Multicenter Bypass or Sleeve Study demonstrated the superiority of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass over sleeve gastrectomy for patient weight loss.
A rare case of adenomyosis in an 81-year-old postmenopausal woman closely resembles invasive endometrial cancer, emphasizing the challenges of diagnosing this condition. Further studies are needed to refine diagnostic protocols and determine risk factors for postmenopausal patients.
Researchers at Worcester Polytechnic Institute are developing a lightweight, flexible robotic arm that enables wheelchair users to safely grasp and carry objects out of reach. The project builds on origami-inspired designs and novel fabrication methods for modules made of lightweight plastics, 3D printed components, and sensors.
A University of Cincinnati researcher has been awarded a $2.1 million grant to investigate postoperative pain at the molecular and cellular levels. The goal is to develop new, safer non-addictive treatments for chronic pain conditions, including lower back pain and pain associated with diabetes or chemotherapy treatments.
The percentage of rural patients traveling over 60 minutes to obtain surgical care significantly increased between 2010 and 2020. This disparity persists due to factors like rural hospital closures and workforce shortages, contributing to growing healthcare access issues for these patients.
A new study published in the European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery found that mechanical heart valve replacements have better long-term survival rates compared to biological valves. Patients who received mechanical valves had improved survival up to 13 years after surgery, with smaller valves showing greater benefits.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University assessed target genes in canine hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to develop molecular targeted therapies. The study identified potential gene targets, including PDGFB, which may improve treatment options for unresectable HCC.
A new study at U-M Health shows that hospitals can focus the use of preoperative tests on high-risk patients, while safely reducing unnecessary testing in others. The result is less wasted money and resources, as well as less time wasted for patients and clinical staff.
Researchers successfully reversed existing inguinal hernias in male mice using an anti-estrogen drug, restoring their anatomy without surgery. Human tissue samples also showed identical molecular markers as in the mouse model, suggesting a promising treatment target for inguinal hernia repair.
Dr. Hartzell Schaff is recognized for his transformative contributions to cardiovascular medicine, with over 1,200 peer-reviewed papers and nine textbooks to his name. The award celebrates his impact on surgical techniques and patient care worldwide.
Sucosky's research aims to build a device replicating the bicuspid aortic valve to investigate how unusual stress leads to its hardening. The goal is to uncover molecular pathways that could be targeted with pharmaceutical treatments.
A mathematical modeling study suggests that removing fallopian tubes during other abdominal surgeries can lower ovarian cancer incidence by five percent. The approach could also reduce total healthcare costs in Germany, with estimated annual savings of over €10 million.
A new study found a significant increase in firearm-related hospitalizations during the COVID-19 pandemic, with rates 34% higher than predicted pre-pandemic trends. The gap was largest for Black patients, children, and those covered by Medicaid, who experienced rates 44%, 46%, and 41% higher, respectively.
Researchers tracked cfDNA levels before, during, and after colorectal cancer surgery, revealing significant increases associated with age, comorbidities, and surgical manipulation. The study suggests that cfDNA could serve as a non-invasive biomarker to monitor patient outcomes and evaluate surgical effectiveness.
Researchers developed a method to detect H3K27M-mutant droplets from circulating tumor DNA in cerebrospinal fluid, enabling early diagnosis and treatment of leptomeningeal disease. This approach improved survival rates for patients with diffuse midline gliomas.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of over 15,000 patients found that exercise and nutritional enhancement were the most promising components of prehabilitation, reducing complications and length of hospitalization. The study's lead author notes that prehabilitation is promising but still unclear how to implement it across hospitals.
A new analysis reveals that surgery for sleep apnea may lower the risk of motor vehicle accidents compared to using a CPAP device or receiving no treatment. Patients with untreated sleep apnea had a 21% higher odds of accidents, while those undergoing surgery had 45% lower odds.
The phase 3 KATHERINE clinical trial found trastuzumab emtansine to be an effective adjuvant treatment for high-risk HER2-positive breast cancer patients, reducing the risk of death or invasive disease by 46% and improving survival. The study showed consistent benefits across patient subgroups, supporting T-DM1 as a new standard of care.
A new study by Mass General Brigham investigators found that Black people were less likely than non-Black people to undergo metabolic and bariatric surgery, even though both groups were equally likely to discuss it with health care providers. Men were also less likely to discuss and receive MBS than women.
Research led by University of Pittsburgh scientists found that exposure to long-wavelength red light reduces blood clots in humans and mice. The study's findings have the potential to reduce deaths and disabilities caused by blood clots worldwide.
A recent study has explored a new imaging approach that uses swept-source optical coherence tomography to visualize the upper airway with high precision. By integrating computational fluid dynamics, researchers were able to identify areas of turbulence and pinpoint obstruction sites, leading to more accurate diagnoses and treatment pla...
The Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine is part of a major undertaking to bring together experts from around the country to develop vision-restoring whole eye transplants. The project, valued at up to $56 million, aims to overcome technical, biological, and immunological hurdles in whole eye transplant.
A systematic review of 384 studies found that only about one in five health care integrations leads to improved value of care delivery, primarily due to better care management processes. Hospital charges increased with integration, and quality of care showed reduced quality or no change in nearly 77% of the studies.
A cohort study found a decrease in localized invasive breast cancer and regional invasive breast cancer since the 2009 guideline changes, but no decrease in advanced cancer stages. Further research is needed to understand these trends.
A quality improvement project using Lean methodology at UC San Diego Health reduced unnecessary work hours for surgical residents by 10.2%, improving resident well-being and faculty perception of preparedness. The study's framework can be replicated to support other residency programs in optimizing resident and institutional outcomes.
A study found that surgeons are quicker and more successful at completing a buzz wire game than other hospital staff, with an average completion time of 89 seconds. However, they also exhibited the highest rate of swearing during the task. Nurses showed the highest rates of audible frustration noises.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University developed a new technique for head and neck reconstruction that achieves 100% success rate in high-risk patients. The pedicled latissimus dorsi flap technique provides a reliable, fast, and minimally invasive option for complex tissue defects.
The PROSPECT-Lung trial evaluates the role of immunotherapy before and after surgery in resectable non-small cell lung cancer patients. The trial aims to determine whether adding immune checkpoint inhibitors to standard chemotherapy improves survival outcomes.
A Brazilian researcher at Harvard identified serotonin as the central role in postprandial hypoglycemia, a common complication of bariatric surgery. The study found that serotonin levels increase significantly after meals in affected individuals, unlike those without symptoms.
UCSF Medical Center has received the highest possible rating for maternity care, reflecting its commitment to clinical excellence and interdisciplinary collaboration. The hospital's maternal care teams include a broad array of expertise, including nurse practitioners, midwives, and obstetrician anesthesiologists.
Early-life surgical removal of tonsils or adenoids associated with increased risk of future stress-related psychiatric disorders. Adenotonsillar diseases may play a role in development of these conditions.
JMIR Perioperative Medicine is launching a new theme issue exploring burnout among perioperative clinicians, including anesthesiologists and advanced practice providers. The call for papers aims to examine the critical issue of burnout within perioperative medicine.
A phase 3 study demonstrated nearly 75% complete cancer remission in patients with high-risk bladder cancer unresponsive to BCG therapy. The novel treatment, cretostimogene grenadenorepvec, was well-tolerated and did not require bladder removal surgery.
The American College of Surgeons' annual cancer report reveals that breast, bladder, and pancreatic cancers are increasingly treated with personalized therapies before surgery. Cancer stage at diagnosis remains a significant factor in determining patient survival rates.
Researchers developing standardized approach for ACJ reconstruction, evaluating three surgical techniques to restore stability and minimize complications. The study aims to identify most effective technique for long-term shoulder health in young athletes.
The updated ASTRO guideline recommends personalized treatment approaches for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, including non-surgical alternatives and intensified treatment regimens. The guideline aims to improve outcomes while preserving quality of life.
A new study reveals that patients attending first referral hospitals in low- and middle-income countries receive safe and effective surgical care comparable to higher level referral centers. District hospitals manage to deliver safe surgical care despite having fewer full-time surgeons and medically trained anaesthetists.
Research highlights edoxaban's effectiveness in reducing stroke and blood clots for patients after bioprosthetic heart valve replacement. Edoxaban was found to be equally or more effective than warfarin, with a predictable pharmacokinetic profile and reduced burden on patients.