Articles tagged with Surgery
A quality improvement project using Lean methodology at UC San Diego Health reduced unnecessary work hours for surgical residents by 10.2%, improving resident well-being and faculty perception of preparedness. The study's framework can be replicated to support other residency programs in optimizing resident and institutional outcomes.
A study found that surgeons are quicker and more successful at completing a buzz wire game than other hospital staff, with an average completion time of 89 seconds. However, they also exhibited the highest rate of swearing during the task. Nurses showed the highest rates of audible frustration noises.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University developed a new technique for head and neck reconstruction that achieves 100% success rate in high-risk patients. The pedicled latissimus dorsi flap technique provides a reliable, fast, and minimally invasive option for complex tissue defects.
The PROSPECT-Lung trial evaluates the role of immunotherapy before and after surgery in resectable non-small cell lung cancer patients. The trial aims to determine whether adding immune checkpoint inhibitors to standard chemotherapy improves survival outcomes.
A Brazilian researcher at Harvard identified serotonin as the central role in postprandial hypoglycemia, a common complication of bariatric surgery. The study found that serotonin levels increase significantly after meals in affected individuals, unlike those without symptoms.
UCSF Medical Center has received the highest possible rating for maternity care, reflecting its commitment to clinical excellence and interdisciplinary collaboration. The hospital's maternal care teams include a broad array of expertise, including nurse practitioners, midwives, and obstetrician anesthesiologists.
Early-life surgical removal of tonsils or adenoids associated with increased risk of future stress-related psychiatric disorders. Adenotonsillar diseases may play a role in development of these conditions.
JMIR Perioperative Medicine is launching a new theme issue exploring burnout among perioperative clinicians, including anesthesiologists and advanced practice providers. The call for papers aims to examine the critical issue of burnout within perioperative medicine.
A phase 3 study demonstrated nearly 75% complete cancer remission in patients with high-risk bladder cancer unresponsive to BCG therapy. The novel treatment, cretostimogene grenadenorepvec, was well-tolerated and did not require bladder removal surgery.
The American College of Surgeons' annual cancer report reveals that breast, bladder, and pancreatic cancers are increasingly treated with personalized therapies before surgery. Cancer stage at diagnosis remains a significant factor in determining patient survival rates.
Researchers developing standardized approach for ACJ reconstruction, evaluating three surgical techniques to restore stability and minimize complications. The study aims to identify most effective technique for long-term shoulder health in young athletes.
The updated ASTRO guideline recommends personalized treatment approaches for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, including non-surgical alternatives and intensified treatment regimens. The guideline aims to improve outcomes while preserving quality of life.
A new study reveals that patients attending first referral hospitals in low- and middle-income countries receive safe and effective surgical care comparable to higher level referral centers. District hospitals manage to deliver safe surgical care despite having fewer full-time surgeons and medically trained anaesthetists.
Research highlights edoxaban's effectiveness in reducing stroke and blood clots for patients after bioprosthetic heart valve replacement. Edoxaban was found to be equally or more effective than warfarin, with a predictable pharmacokinetic profile and reduced burden on patients.
A recent study published in the Journal of Vascular Surgery found that non-white patients have twice the risk of dying within 30 days of carotid endarterectomy compared to white patients. The study analyzed data from over half a million patients and highlights persistent racial disparities in medical outcomes.
A Chinese Medical Journal study reveals that patients with prostate cancer can undergo surgical removal without a pre-operative biopsy, using a combination of mpMRI and PSMA PET/CT imaging. This approach reduces costs and complications associated with traditional biopsy methods.
A new plastic device has been developed to secure the surgical field during robot-assisted heart surgery, allowing surgeons to operate with greater independence. The device, made from a type of plastic used in medical implants and aerospace industry, expands to a certain size and retains its shape.
Researchers developed a new imaging technique using fluorescence-guided surgery to enhance visibility of tumors and nerves during head and neck cancer surgery. The technique uses two near-infrared fluorophores, one for tumors and another for facial nerves, allowing for clear differentiation between cancerous tissues and nerves.
A joint research team at Korea University College of Medicine announced the world's first comparative results of single-port robotic thymectomy, showing a lower conversion rate to multi-port surgery and shorter hospital stays. The study demonstrated that single-port robotic thymectomy is a safer alternative to traditional VATS thymectomy.
Researchers from Kyushu University found that precisely replicating a patient's native alignment during knee replacement surgery is crucial for optimal recovery and a higher quality of life. Patients who underwent changes in knee alignment after surgery had significantly worse long-term outcomes.
A study led by Dr. Clint Cary found that traditional open surgery is the most effective approach for removing lymph nodes behind the intestines in patients with testicular cancer. The study showed excellent cancer cure rates and low blood loss, short hospital stay, and rare major postoperative complications.
Doctors at Mayo Clinic used a new catheter-based approach to draw out resistant pockets of infection in the heart without surgery. Over 90% of participants had their infection cleared, with lower in-hospital mortality compared to those whose infections remained.
A cross-sectional study found a significant increase in GLP-1 receptor agonist (RA) use as anti-obesity medications from 2022 to 2023. Meanwhile, the rate of metabolic bariatric surgery decreased by 25.6% during the same period. These findings suggest a potential shift in treatment strategies for obesity management
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University have found that plasma irradiation can enhance tendon-to-bone junction repair, leading to faster healing rates and stronger repairs. The study used rabbit models to test the effects of plasma on rotator cuff injuries, showing promising results.
A new study suggests that MRI can predict patient outcomes and the risk of tumor reccurrence or spread for patients with rectal cancer who have undergone chemotherapy and radiation. This information could help doctors determine the best course of treatment, including whether to spare patients from invasive surgery.
Researchers on the International Space Station have developed human liver tissues with enhanced functionality in microgravity, paving the way for novel stem cell-derived liver tissues and alternative to traditional liver transplants. The team also created a bioreactor system for stable supercooling preservation of tissues.
The American College of Surgeons Geriatric Surgery Verification program reduces surgical death rates by nearly half and increases the percentage of patients with documented care preferences. Implementing the program also enables hospitals to improve patient-centered care and reduce costs.
A study analyzing Reddit posts reveals that breast cancer patients struggle with unmet emotional and financial concerns during treatment and long after. The research highlights the importance of providing adequate support and education to address these concerns.
Two studies found that bariatric surgery is more cost-effective in the long term compared to GLP-1 RA weight loss drugs alone. Combining both treatments is even more cost-effective. The use of GLP-1 RA before surgery appears safe and may be a novel approach to treating obesity.
Younger adults diagnosed with colorectal cancer have later-stage disease with more aggressive types of tumors. Obesity, family history, inflammatory bowel disease, and symptoms are strongly associated factors. These findings highlight disparities in colon cancer incidence among younger adults, particularly non-Hispanic Black patients.
Research suggests that listening to music after surgery can significantly reduce pain levels, anxiety, and heart rate, with patients experiencing a lower need for opioid medication. Music's calming effect may also contribute to faster recovery by easing the transition from waking up after surgery.
A study found that HLA-DRB1*01:03 is associated with severe ulcerative colitis, requiring major operations and systemic corticosteroid use. The allele has previously been linked to ulcerative colitis incidence, supporting earlier genetic studies.
A nonselective extracorporeal blood purification device reduced cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury in nonemergent patients. The study showed a significant reduction of AKI in the first 7 days after surgery.
A recent study published in Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy found that children who undergo surgery for discoid lateral meniscus are at higher risk of developing further knee injuries with age. Younger patients were particularly prone to relapse after surgery.
A new study found that common breast cancer treatments, including chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery, can increase expression of aging markers in breast cancer survivors. The study suggests that these treatments can have a more extensive impact on the body than previously thought, leading to accelerated biological aging.
A recent study published in Liver Cancer found that patients with diabetes mellitus and comorbid obesity are at a higher risk of liver cancer recurrence after resection. The risk is significantly higher for those with comorbid obesity, increasing by approximately 3.8 times over five years postoperatively.
Researchers created a Comorbid Operative Risk Evaluation (CORE) score to better predict post-surgery mortality. The model accounts for pre-existing chronic illnesses and aims to improve analysis of surgical outcomes using large databases.
A new study found that the IOTA ADNEX ultrasound model can detect up to 96% of ovarian cancers in postmenopausal women, outperforming the current standard test. The research team recommends replacing the risk of malignancy (RMI1) test with the IOTA ADNEX model.
A study found that female physicians are underrepresented in high-compensation specialties compared to non-high-compensation specialties. High-compensation surgical specialties experienced a steady increase in female applicants and matriculants over time.
The University of Pittsburgh has been awarded a 10-year, $100 million contract from the U.S. Department of Defense to continue its Linking Investigations in Trauma and Emergency Services (LITES) Network. The network will fund new research on trauma care and expand ongoing studies.
The 2024 guideline provides comprehensive recommendations for assessing cardiovascular disease risk and managing patients taking SGLT2-inhibitors. It also highlights the importance of judicious screening and evidence-based management of cardiovascular conditions before, during, and after noncardiac surgery.
Researchers at MIT and MGH developed statistical models based on rigorous physiological data from over 100 surgeries, providing accurate measures of nociception. The new models aim to help anesthesiologists optimize drug doses and minimize post-operative pain and side effects.
A nonrandomized clinical trial found that wearable devices can increase moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and reduce dyspnea at 6 months post-lung cancer surgery. This suggests a promising role for wearable devices in personalizing perioperative rehabilitation strategies.
The 2024 Chinese consensus on radiofrequency therapy for gastroesophageal reflux disease standardizes treatment approaches by outlining essential surgical indications, contraindications, and postoperative management. The consensus also highlights the importance of precise energy application to the lower esophagus and cardia.
A new study found that vulnerable patients treated at Commission on Cancer-accredited hospitals had a 9% lower mortality rate and were more likely to receive guideline-based care. This is attributed to CoC accreditation requirements for treatment guideline adherence, community engagement, and addressing barriers to care.
The study reports an overall 5- and 10-year survival of face transplants at 85% and 74%, respectively, making them a viable option for patients with severe facial defects. The majority of these complex cases are typically treated with conventional methods.
The study found that home discharge rates increased more for Hispanic compared to non-Hispanic white patients, highlighting the importance of considering differential outcomes in Medicare payment policies. These findings suggest the need for tailored approaches to address racial and ethnic disparities in joint replacement care.
A clinical trial by the ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group shows striking results from chemotherapy before surgery to shrink tumors and reduce tissue removal. Patients who received chemotherapy had a 50% chance of preserving vital organs, compared to 15% for those having surgery.
Biomedical engineers at the University of Rochester have developed a novel technique using ultrasound waves to organize endothelial cells into patterns that promote the growth of new vessel networks. The team aims to treat ischemic injuries caused by damaged tissue in reconstructive and plastic surgeries.
A study analyzing National Joint Registry data found that trainee surgeons' outcomes are comparable to those of more experienced consultants. The rates of subsequent revision surgery were no different between the two groups, suggesting similar skill levels.
The world's first combined whole eye and face transplant has demonstrated allograft survival, including rejection-free graft survival. The transplanted eye has maintained normal pressure, good blood flow, and some remaining structure and functions in the retina. Researchers are now focused on understanding how to restore sight.
Women with hepatocellular carcinoma are less likely to receive a deceased-donor liver transplant due to sex-based differences in candidate size. The study's findings highlight the need for changes in allocation policy to improve access to size-matched donor livers for smaller candidates.
Researchers at McGill University developed AI-guided feedback systems that outperformed human instructors in teaching neurosurgical skills. The study found that expert instruction alone led to poorer surgical learning outcomes, highlighting the potential of AI to enhance learner surgical skills acquisition.
Researchers found that supplementing potassium only when levels fell below 3.6 mEq/L was noninferior to the current practice of maintaining higher levels, with no increase in adverse outcomes. Lower thresholds did not worsen clinical outcomes or dysrhythmias.
The MATTERHORN trial shows that transcatheter edge-to-edge repair is non-inferior to surgery in patients with secondary mitral regurgitation, with some safety benefits favouring TEER. The study found no significant difference in efficacy between the two techniques.
Continuation of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors before major noncardiac surgery was not associated with a higher rate of postoperative complications compared to discontinuation. The study aimed to investigate the impact of continued use of these medications on surgical outcomes.
A study published in The Lancet found that starting medical abortion at home is as safe as in a hospital, with 71% of participants able to be treated as day patients. The procedure also promotes patient autonomy and can reduce healthcare costs.
Recent years have seen therapeutic advances in kidney cancer due to deeper understanding of the disease's biology, with improved treatments and early detection contributing to decreased deaths. Cigarette smoking and being overweight remain major risk factors for kidney cancer.
A team at ETH Zurich successfully conducted the first remote-controlled magnetic endoscopy procedure across a 9,300km distance. The procedure allowed for precise navigation and manipulation of a probe in a live pig's stomach via a joystick controlled by an operator in Zurich.
A new study found that private clinics in Ontario increased cataract surgery rates for higher-income patients after receiving public funding, while lower-income patients saw a 9% decrease in access. The researchers suggest policy changes to address conflicts of interest and ensure equitable access to surgery.