Articles tagged with Oxidative Stress
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
University of Michigan researchers created a new method, OxICAT, to observe how oxidative stress affects proteins. The technique allows for the quantification of thousands of proteins' oxidation states in a single experiment.
Researchers have designed novel peptide sequences that can detect oxidation and reduction inside cells, providing a new tool for understanding molecular mechanisms underlying complex biomedical problems. The biosensors use Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) to measure redox potentials and oxidative stress in live cells.
A study found that low vitamin E levels are associated with a decline in physical function among older adults. The researchers suggest that oxidative stress and muscle damage may play a role in the relationship between vitamin E and physical decline.
The levels of vitamin E necessary to reduce oxidative stress are far higher than those commonly used in clinical trials, according to new research. Vitamin E supplements at these levels may help prevent or treat cardiovascular disease by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation.
The study reveals the importance of targeting specific cell regions to combat oxidative stress. By using novel synthetic molecules, researchers can now understand how cells respond to oxidative stress and identify weaker parts that need protection.
Researchers found that reactive oxygen stimulates dendritic cells to up-regulate the immune antigen CD80, leading to T cell activation and increased TNF production. This causes excessive destruction of bone via osteoclasts.
A recent study published in Neurology found that smokers are 50% more likely to develop dementia than nonsmokers or past smokers. The study suggests that smoking increases the risk of dementia through mechanisms such as oxidative stress, which can damage cells in blood vessels and lead to hardening of the arteries.
Researchers found that urban air pollution increases indices of cardiovascular risk, including inflammation, oxidative stress, coagulation, and autonomic dysfunction, in healthy Taiwanese college students. The study suggests a link between air pollution and systemic inflammation/oxidative stress in young adults.
A study reveals that excessive natural antioxidants can lead to reductive stress and heart failure in mice with a specific human mutation. The findings suggest that targeting the antioxidant pathway through a particular enzyme may modify the phenotype of the disease in humans.
Reduced glutathione levels contribute to heart disease due to alpha B-Crystallin mutation; new class of drugs targets genetic pathway.
Researchers discover a poorly understood mechanism linking smoking to lung damage, where toxins in cigarette smoke open unpaired hemichannels that lead to rapid cell death. Drugs preventing hemichannel opening offer new ways to prevent cellular damage and potentially treat diseases tied to oxidative stress.
Scientists at LSU Health Sciences Center have discovered that NPD1 protects against RPE cell damage by triggering its synthesis and regulating its release. The research also found that NPD1 can counteract the effects of A2E, a toxic component that accumulates in the retina during aging and retinal degenerations.
A study by University at Buffalo endocrinologists found that flavonoids in orange juice suppress destructive oxygen free radicals, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in healthy participants. The two types of flavonoids, hesperetin and naringenin, inhibited ROS generation by 52% and 77%, respectively.
Researchers at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem developed a method to increase plant tolerance to salt stress, preventing stunted growth and plant death. The technique uses genetic manipulation to reduce self-induced membrane damage and has significant consequences for dealing with soil salinization.
Researchers at San Francisco VA Medical Center found that administering glucose to treat hypoglycemia actually causes brain damage in rats, contrary to previous assumptions. Oxidative stress is triggered by the sudden return of glucose, leading to neuron death.
Researchers develop a bacterial biosensor prototype to detect oxidative stress, which can cause brain tissue damage. The sensor uses potassium release in response to toxins, correlating with cell damage, offering a potential early warning system for public health threats.
A new study published in the Journal of Periodontology found that periodontal therapy decreases lipid peroxide levels in diabetic patients, reducing oxidative stress. This reduction is comparable to that seen in nondiabetic patients, suggesting a potential benefit for patients with Type 2 diabetes.
Researchers found that naked mole-rats have higher levels of oxidative stress and damage than mice, contradicting the oxidative stress theory of aging. The study suggests that the mole-rat's longevity may stem from its ability to defend against acute bouts of oxidative stress.
Researchers found children with autism have abnormal blood vessel function and high levels of oxidative stress, which may contribute to the disorder's symptoms. The study suggests that targeting this imbalance could lead to new therapies for autism.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School have defined a molecular signaling pathway linking oxidative stress to cell death in brain neurons. The discovery of the MST-FOXO biochemical switch mechanism may provide potential new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's.
Researchers found a connection between DJ-1 protein and neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease, suggesting that environmental toxins may trigger oxidative stress. The study suggests that understanding the role of DJ-1 may lead to the development of new treatments for Parkinson's disease and potentially other neurological disorders.
A recent study found that the hypertension drug nebivolol can restore the balance between nitric oxide and oxidative stress, potentially correcting problems associated with high blood pressure. The researchers used nanosensors to test levels of nitric oxide in single cells from donors of various ethnic backgrounds.
A new way to stimulate the brain to release antioxidants has been discovered by researchers, potentially treating ischemic stroke, multiple sclerosis, and neurodegenerative disorders. The NEPPs compound activates the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway to regulate antioxidant production, offering a promising approach for neuroprotection.
Researchers identified EAAC1 protein as the main transporter of cysteine into neurons, providing vital antioxidant protection. The study found that mice deficient in EAAC1 exhibited signs of senility and oxidative stress, supporting the idea that oxidative stress contributes to brain aging.
A study by the University of Florida found that moderately active rats have healthier DNA and more robust brain cells than their sedentary counterparts. Regular mild exercise can prevent oxidative damage, which is believed to contribute to memory loss and cognitive decline with age.
Researchers discovered Klotho protein increases cell resistance to oxidative stress by detoxifying harmful reactive oxygen species. This finding may lead to the development of anti-aging drugs, potentially useful as medicines.
UCLA researchers have identified the mechanism by which chronic exposure to tiny levels of carbon monoxide damages hearing in young ears. This link highlights the need for policy makers to regulate CO emissions from home appliances and vehicles.
Chronic inflammation during dialysis enhances oxidative stress, leading to cardiovascular disease, malnutrition, and poor outcomes. Antioxidant supplementation and ROS modulation are proposed solutions to prevent these complications.
A study found that acute and long-term vitamin C supplementation had no effect on exercise capacity, contradicting earlier theories that it might reduce oxidative stress. Physiologists at the University of Colorado tested young and older adults before exhaustive exercise, but results showed no improvement in aerobic abilities.
Chronic stress, even in healthy women, can lead to shorter telomeres and increased oxidative stress, accelerating cellular aging. The study also found that caregivers of chronically ill children experienced more stress and shorter telomeres than controls.
A study by Cornell University researchers found that apple phenolic extracts can protect nerve cells from oxidative stress. Quercetin, a major flavanoid in apples, was shown to be the most effective antioxidant in protecting against neurotoxicity induced by hydrogen peroxide.
Researchers created a mouse embryonic stem cell model to study Parkinson's disease, revealing that DJ-1-deficient cells exhibit heightened sensitivity to oxidative stress. The model also linked DJ-1 dysfunction to alpha-synuclein aggregation, a hallmark of Parkinson's neuropathology.
The MILES IGERT program aims to develop antioxidant delivery systems, novel biocompatible synthetic polymer delivery systems, and natural and synthetic macromolecular antioxidants. Researchers are exploring controlled release of antioxidants by polymeric films and investigating the biomedical implications of oxidation processes.
Scientists at Boston Children's Hospital discovered that Sir2 regulates a group of proteins known as FOXO transcription factors, which confer stress resistance by detoxifying free radicals. This interaction may help reverse age-related disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and cancer.
UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers found that the absence of a key oxygen-sensing molecule can lead to multiple developmental defects. The study created a mouse model lacking this protein, which resulted in cardiac hypertrophy, fatty liver, eye defects, and increased oxidative stress.
The NIH award will focus on oxidative stress research in baker's yeast, with the goal of developing new strategies to combat neurodegenerative diseases. The grant also provides opportunities for high school and undergraduate students from economically-depressed areas to receive bioinformatics training.
Rotarians have awarded Penn a $250,000 grant for Alzheimer's research using funds from their Coins for Alzheimer's Research Trust. This grant builds on the work of Domenico Praticó, who has identified isoprostanes as a promising new avenue for treating Alzheimer's disease.
A recent study found that white tea extract protects the skin's immune system by preventing oxidative stress. The extract also limits DNA damage and promotes anti-aging benefits, suggesting potential protection against skin cancer.
A 2-week study found Concord grape juice provided significant antioxidant protection, outperforming á-tocopherol supplements. The unique finding was that CGJ reduced oxidized protein concentration by 20%, a benefit not seen with the supplements.
A study published in Nature has identified a gene that protects certain brain and retinal neurons from oxidative stress, leading to neurodegeneration. The research, led by Dr. Susan Ackerman, found that mice with a mutation in the Aif gene experience severe oxidative stress, causing neuronal death.
A recent study found that regular consumption of raw garlic can prevent oxidative stress and tissue damage in rats. The results suggest that garlic has potential to save lives of patients undergoing heart surgery by protecting against ischemic-reperfusion injury.
Researchers have discovered that hibernating ground squirrels can tolerate extreme cold and stress without damage, which could lead to breakthroughs in organ preservation for humans. Their intestines display reduced oxidative stress during hibernation, and their livers show improved viability when stored at low temperatures.
A new study suggests that vitamin C can increase resting metabolism in older adults by combating oxidative stress, potentially leading to a reduction in age-related weight gain and associated diseases. Higher resting metabolic rates have been linked to a lower risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
Smoking in French men is associated with reduced vitamin E, C, and carotene intake, as well as altered oxidative stress indexes. This study highlights the importance of public health intervention for smokers in France.
Researchers at University at Buffalo found a miniscule increase in free radicals in the blood reflects lung damage equivalent to 3-5 years of aging. Oxidative stress was also associated with narrowing of pulmonary airways, while bilirubin showed a positive relationship to lung function.
A population-based study found that higher vitamin C levels were associated with lower oxidative stress and a reduced risk of cell damage. The study involved 393 participants and measured the actual level of vitamin C in their blood serum.