Preventing cellular aging and aging-related degenerative diseases
DNA damage drives aging by activating NF-κB, a transcription factor that responds to cellular stress; inhibiting NF-κB reduces oxidative stress and senescence in mice.
Oxidative Stress
Articles tagged with Oxidative Stress
Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy
A new study finds that obstructive sleep apnea is independently associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. The severity of DPN is correlated with OSA and nocturnal hypoxemia severity, suggesting a potential mechanism for the relationship between the two conditions.
SourceAmerican Thoracic Society·JournalAmerican Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·DateJun 15, 2012
Obese patients face increased risk of kidney damage after heart surgery
Obese patients have an increased risk of developing kidney damage, or acute kidney injury, after heart surgery. Oxidative stress associated with obesity plays a role in this increased risk. Acute kidney injury affects 5% to 30% of heart surgery patients.
SourceAmerican Society of Nephrology·JournalJournal of the American Society of Nephrology·DateMay 24, 2012
Scientists find differences in naked mole rat's protein disposers
Researchers found that naked mole rats have a greater number of proteasomes and higher protein-disposal activity in liver cells, enabling them to maintain good health. The discovery provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the animal's exceptional ability to resist aging.
Regular exercise could reduce complications of sickle cell trait
Researchers found that regular exercise reduces oxidative stress in individuals with sickle cell trait, increasing antioxidants and nitric oxide levels. This reduction in oxidative stress may help combat the increased morbidity and mortality associated with SCT.
Researcher awarded $1 million for stress-associated disease and aging research
A Scripps Research Institute scientist has been awarded a $1 million grant to develop new tests for stress-associated diseases, including atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. The goal is to identify drug leads that can prevent oxidative damage in zebrafish.
Scientists identify major source of cells' defense against oxidative stress
Researchers discovered that the Nrf2 protein plays a crucial role in protecting cells from oxidative stress, which is often exploited by cancer cells to become resistant to treatment. By selectively inhibiting Nrf2, cancer cells may become more susceptible to chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
Pycnogenol (French maritime pine bark extract) shown to improve menopause symptoms in new study
A recent clinical trial found Pycnogenol to significantly improve signs and symptoms of menopause, including reduced oxidative stress. The study showed that Pycnogenol improved irregular heartbeat and digestive problems, as well as decreased bloating.
That which does not kill yeast makes it stronger
Researchers found that stressful conditions increase chromosomal instability in yeast, allowing cells to rapidly adapt and acquire diverse aneuploid chromosome numbers. This stress-induced genetic variation enables yeast cells to thrive in environments with harsh conditions.
Cocoa could prevent intestinal pathologies such as colon cancer
A new study found that eating cocoa can help prevent intestinal complaints linked to oxidative stress and colon carcinogenesis. The study, published in the journal Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, showed that a cocoa-rich diet reduced aberrant crypts in the colon and improved antioxidant defenses.
SourceSpanish Foundation for Science and Technology·JournalMolecular Nutrition & Food Research·DateJan 24, 2012
Oxidative DNA damage repair
The study reveals a DNA repair mechanism that can mitigate oxidative damage, which is linked to various diseases including cancer and Alzheimer's. This discovery holds promise for developing less invasive cancer therapies and early detection tests.
Cellular repair could reduce premature aging
A study led by Durham University has identified a potential drug therapy for premature ageing diseases, including Hutchinson Gilford Progeria Syndrome. The treatment, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), controlled oxidative stress and DNA damage in cells, suggesting a possible model for understanding processes that cause us to age.
Joslin study finds clue to birth defects in babies of mothers with diabetes
A Joslin study found that stimulation of the metabolism-sensing enzyme AMP kinase regulates crucial gene expression, causing neural tube defects and other heart defects in babies born to diabetic mothers. Even with controlled blood sugar levels, the risk is still twice that of the general population.
Muscling toward a longer life: Genetic aging pathway identified in flies
Researchers at Emory University School of Medicine have identified a set of genes that act in muscles to modulate aging and resistance to stress in fruit flies. Mutations in these genes speed up the process of aging and make the flies more sensitive to oxidative stress.
Immune mechanism blocks inflammation generated by oxidative stress
Researchers identify key protein CFH that blocks inflammatory immune response to oxidative stress, found in conditions like atherosclerosis and AMD. The study reveals potential therapeutic target for treating chronic inflammatory diseases.
Link between racial discrimination and stress described in new study
Researchers found that African Americans experiencing racial discrimination had higher levels of oxidative stress, a potential pathway for cardiovascular and other age-related disease risks. The study suggests that psychological stress from racial discrimination may contribute to racial health disparities.
Natural anti-oxidant deserts aging body
Biologists at USC discovered major declines in the availability of an enzyme, known as the Lon protease, as human cells grow older. The finding may help explain why humans lose energy with age and could point medicine toward new diets or pharmaceuticals to slow the aging process.
Exposure to parental stress increases pollution-related lung damage in children
Research finds that growing up in a stressful household is associated with larger traffic pollution-induced lung deficits in healthy children. High levels of perceived stress among parents, particularly Hispanic and Asian families, led to decreased lung function in children exposed to traffic-related pollutants.
SourceAmerican Thoracic Society·JournalAmerican Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·DateJun 24, 2011
Discovery offers molecular insights into link between Parkinson's and pesticides
Researchers discovered a molecular link between pesticides and Parkinson's disease, shedding light on the oxidative stress that contributes to the neurodegenerative disorder. The study provides evidence that exposure to environmental toxins may be a primary cause of Parkinson's, with potential implications for prevention and treatment.
Researchers identify protein that improves DNA repair under stress
Researchers have discovered a protein called SIRT6 that improves DNA repair efficiency under oxidative stress, potentially leading to treatments for premature aging and cancer. The study found that increasing SIRT6 levels primed the cells to respond to DNA damage, allowing for faster repair of double strand breaks.
'E-waste pollution' a threat to human health, new research suggests
E-waste has been linked to adverse effects on human health, including inflammation and oxidative stress, which can lead to cardiovascular disease and cancer. Researchers found significant increases in inflammatory response and oxidative stress markers in lung epithelial cells exposed to e-waste air samples.
Animals have personalities, too
A new study found that animal personalities are reflected in their oxidative stress profiles, with timid birds experiencing higher levels of damaging oxygen toxins and weaker defenses. In contrast, curious birds had better defences against oxidative damage.
Measuring oxidative stress can predict risk of atrial fibrillation
A study from Emory University School of Medicine found that measuring oxidative stress can predict the risk of developing atrial fibrillation. High levels of the amino acid cystine in blood are linked to increased risk, while factors like high blood pressure and obesity also play a role.
Researchers find eye development error causing cataracts, glaucoma
A study by Jackson Laboratory researchers reveals that mutations in the TDRD7 gene can cause juvenile cataracts and glaucoma, linked to a malfunctioning protein affecting eye lens development. The disorder disrupts stress granule production, leaving tissues susceptible to oxidative damage.
Antioxidants in pregnancy prevent obesity in animal offspring
Researchers at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia found that feeding rats antioxidants during pregnancy prevented obesity and glucose intolerance in their offspring. The study suggests that preventing oxidative stress during pregnancy may lower the risk of childhood obesity.
Jefferson researchers provide genetic evidence that antioxidants can help treat cancer
Researchers have found that antioxidants can help prevent and treat breast cancer by targeting mitochondrial oxidative stress. The study, published in Cancer Biology & Therapy, used a genetically tractable model to show that loss of the tumor suppressor protein Caveolin-1 leads to increased oxidative stress, which fuels cancer cell gro...
Scientists unlock 1 mystery of tissue regeneration
Researchers at University of Rochester identify Nrf2 and Keap1 genes as key regulators of stem cell activity. Nrf2 prevents stem cell division, while Keap1 enables it when ROS levels increase.
UIC researcher unveils new approach to blocking malaria transmission
Researchers focus on disrupting FLVCR protein in mosquitoes to block Plasmodium transmission, a crucial step in preventing malaria spread. By targeting this protein, they hope to develop a vaccine to stimulate an immune response and prevent the disease.
Protein protects cancer cells from oxidative stress
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine discovered that thioredoxin-like 2 is highly expressed in cancer cells and helps protect them from oxidative stress. This protein plays a crucial role in cancer cell growth and survival, making it a promising target for future anti-cancer therapies.
Scientists discover molecular 'switch' that contributes to cellular aging process
Researchers found a molecular 'switch' called SMRT that turns off protective cellular activities against aging and metabolic diseases. The discovery could lead to new treatments for conditions like type 2 diabetes and heart disease.
Potential drug therapy for diabetic retinopathy under study
Scientists are exploring the therapeutic potential of (+)- pentazocine in treating diabetic retinopathy. The study aims to determine if the drug can block or promote sigma receptor action and improve retinal health in patients. Researchers also want to know if the drug is effective when given later in the disease process.
SourceMedical College of Georgia at Augusta University·JournalInvestigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·DateNov 8, 2010
Olive oil protects liver
Researchers found that extra-virgin olive oil and its extracts protect against oxidative damage of hepatic tissue in rats. The study showed a significant increase in antioxidant enzyme activity and a decrease in markers of liver damage, indicating potential health benefits of olive oil consumption.
Embargoed news from Annals of Internal Medicine
Researchers found that local fishermen exposed to oil clean-up efforts two years prior showed persistent airway injury, including increased prevalence rates of respiratory symptoms and biomarkers of pulmonary oxidative stress. The study suggests even short-term exposure to oil sediments may have detrimental health effects.
Plant compound resveratrol shown to suppresses inflammation, free radicals in humans
A study conducted by University at Buffalo researchers found that resveratrol suppressed the generation of free radicals and reduced inflammation in human blood samples. The compound also showed promise in reducing insulin resistance and related markers, potentially benefiting conditions like type 2 diabetes and heart disease.
SourceUniversity at Buffalo·JournalThe Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism·DateJul 29, 2010
Want to slow aging? New research suggests it takes more than antioxidants
A new study published in Genetics found that mutations in 10 different genes of worms can extend lifespan without reducing oxidative stress. This discovery challenges the long-held notion that oxidative stress is responsible for aging and suggests a slow rate of metabolism may be key to increasing longevity.
Antioxidants may help prevent malaria complicaton that leads to learning impairment
Scientists discovered that adding antioxidant therapy to traditional antimalarial treatment can prevent long-lasting cognitive impairment in cerebral malaria. Oxidative stress is present in the brains of mice infected with cerebral malaria, and treating with antioxidants prevents cognitive damage.
Oxidative and nitrosative stress contribute to lupus disease activity
Researchers found higher levels of oxidative and nitrosative stress markers, including anti-MDA and anti-HNE antibodies, in SLE patients with greater disease activity. These biomarkers suggest an imbalance between reactive oxygen and nitrogen species production and antioxidant defense mechanisms in SLE.
Anti-aging supplements may be best taken not too late in life
Researchers at the University of Florida found that anti-aging supplement mixtures may be more effective in preventing decline in physical function than single compounds. Taking such supplements before very old age can lead to improved grip strength and mitochondrial function, suggesting a potential window for intervention.
Flavonoids in orange juice suppress oxidative stress from high-fat, high-carb meal
A new study found that consuming orange juice with a high-fat meal reduces oxidative stress and inflammation in blood vessels, which can contribute to heart attacks and strokes. The flavonoids naringenin and hesperidin in orange juice are believed to be the key players in this process.
Study uses Chinese wolfberries to improve vision imperfections caused by type 2 diabetes
A Kansas State University researcher is studying the potential of Chinese wolfberries to improve damage to the retina caused by type-2 diabetes. The findings show that the fruit can lower oxidative stress, protecting the eye and potentially preventing age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy.
Scientists believe birds can teach us about healthy eating
Researchers at the University of Rhode Island have found that migratory birds prefer certain fruits rich in antioxidants and pigments. This study may provide insights into how humans can prevent disease through diet. The discovery highlights a potential partnership between plants and birds, where berries are eaten and seeds are dispersed.
'Biological clock' could be a key to better health, longer life
A new study found that fruit flies without the key gene controlling circadian rhythms were more resilient to stress at a young age, but their health declined faster as they aged. The research suggests that biological clocks may play a role in aging and health, with intact genes potentially improving health and longevity.
Braking news
Researchers found that car brake particles can cause cellular stress and inflammation in lung cells, particularly with heavy braking. Brake wear particles contain metals like iron and copper, which can damage cell junctions through oxidative stress.
Marker of oxidative stress predicts heart disease outcomes
Researchers at Emory University School of Medicine have identified a substance in the blood that may predict an individual's risk for heart disease. High levels of cystine, an oxidized form of the amino acid cysteine, were found to be twice as likely to result in a heart attack or death over a few years.
'Escaped' proteins add to hearing loss in elderly, UF researchers find
A University of Florida team has identified a protein that contributes to age-related hearing loss in the elderly. The findings suggest that enhancing antioxidant defenses may reduce damage and delay onset of hearing loss, offering new targets for therapy.
Now hear this: Mouse study sheds light on hearing loss in older adults
A new study has identified a gene essential to age-related hearing loss, which is linked to oxidative stress and programmed cell death. The researchers found that oral antioxidants can prevent the condition, providing hope for future treatments.
SourceUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateNov 9, 2009
Pathogen protection and virulence: Dark side of fungal membrane protein revealed
Researchers discovered fungal protein TmpL critical for pathogen development, shielding it from oxidative stress while aiding in infection. TmpL-deficient mutants were more sensitive to external oxidative stress, suggesting its role in protecting pathogens from host defense mechanisms.
Groundbreaking model of heart disease rewarded with NIH Pioneer Award
A pioneering model of heart disease has been recognized with a $2.5 million NIH Pioneer Award, proposing that an antioxidant molecule may lead to disease when overproduced due to a gene mutation. Researcher Ivor J. Benjamin aims to investigate this theory and develop new treatments for reductive stress-related heart disease.
Antioxidant ingredient proven to relieve stress
A melon-derived antioxidant supplement has been shown to relieve stress and fatigue in healthy volunteers. The study found significant improvements in perceived stress symptoms after 28 days, but not beyond the initial 7-day period of placebo effect.
New method monitors early sign of oxidative stress in cancer
Researchers have developed a new method to detect early signs of oxidative stress in cancer, which can be used to tailor treatments. The method identifies sulfenic acid in proteins, a marker of oxidative stress, and reveals that different individuals and tumor types have unique redox profiles.
SourceUniversity of Michigan·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateSep 11, 2009
Taking the stress off yeast produces better wine
Researchers have identified genes in yeast that enable it to respond to stress and are investigating ways to improve its performance by modifying its stress response mechanism. By manipulating these genes, they found a family of enzymes called sirtuins plays an important role in controlling wine yeast lifespan.
Study of huge numbers of genetic mutations point to oxidative stress as underlying cause
A study tracked genetic mutations in a roundworm over 5,000 years, finding that oxidative DNA damage is a primary cause of mutations. The research also showed that natural selection affects previously thought-to-be 'junk' DNA, suggesting new biological roles.
SourceOregon State University·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateSep 7, 2009
Hepatitis C virus channels efforts into cell survival
The study reveals that the hepatitis C virus blocks the actions of an ion channel, preventing apoptosis and enabling liver cells to resist cell death for longer. This discovery may offer a potential target for drug development through combination therapy.
Bad mitochondria may actually be good for you
A study published in JBC found that mice with defective mitochondrial protein MCLK1 lived longer and aged slower than normal mice. Despite high levels of oxidative stress, their inefficient mitochondria produced less energy and fewer oxygen radicals, accumulating less damage over time.
SourceAmerican Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology·JournalJournal of Biological Chemistry·DateJul 22, 2009
Tiny levels of carbon monoxide damage fetal brain
A UCLA study found that miniscule levels of carbon monoxide during pregnancy cause permanent brain damage in fetuses. The exposure level was established as safe by Cal/OSHA but still led to oxidative stress and protein loss.
Carbon monoxide reverses diabetic gastric problem in mice
Researchers at Mayo Clinic found that low doses of carbon monoxide can reverse gastroparesis, a common complication in diabetes. The study showed that carbon monoxide normalizes gastric functioning without increasing oxidative stress or HO1 expression.
How oxidative stress may help prolong life
Scientists at UC San Diego discovered the gene responsible for this effect, which prevents cellular damage from reactive oxygen species. The study found that Mga2 is essential for adaptation to oxidative stress and may explain why caloric restriction can raise ROS levels and provide protection.
Study in Nature Medicine establishes major new treatment target in diseased arteries
Researchers found that eliminating the gene for cyclophilin A from mice prevented the development of abdominal aortic aneurysm and atherosclerosis. The study suggests that targeting cyclophilin A could potentially address both conditions, which are linked by shared biochemical pathways.
Exercise protects against damage causing leakage in the blood-brain barrier
A study published at Experimental Biology 2009 found that regular exercise prevents the disruption of the blood-brain barrier caused by methamphetamine use. The study showed that exercising mice were protected from increased oxidative stress and permeability in the brain, while sedentary mice experienced damage.
Caffeine appears to be beneficial in males -- but not females -- with Lou Gehrig's disease
A new study found that coffee and caffeine supplementation reduced oxidative stress and cell death in male mice with ALS, while female mice showed no benefit or even increased markers of stress. The researchers suggest women may want to restrict or switch to decaf products with antioxidants.