Articles tagged with Infant Mortality
Historical state-level analysis finds that increased party competition leads to higher spending on infrastructure, human capital, literacy, earnings, and longevity. States with more party competition tend to have lower infant mortality, higher life expectancy, and greater social well-being.
Researchers identified clusters of asphyxia-associated neonatal mortality in cities with low per capita GDP, highlighting the need for targeted healthcare interventions. The study's methodology can help policymakers plan strategies to reduce avoidable newborn deaths.
A team of Lehigh University undergraduates has won the National Institutes of Health's Healthcare Technologies for Low-Resource Settings Prize for developing a diagnostic device to detect sickle cell disease in infants. The $15,000 prize will support further development and testing of the device, which could improve healthcare outcomes...
A new study found that Republican control of state legislatures is associated with increased infant mortality rates, especially among Black infants. The research suggests that the party's influence on social determinants of health, such as safety-net programs and minimum wage, contributes to these disparities.
A new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that a combination of seasonal vaccination with RTS,S/AS01 E and antimalarial drugs significantly reduces clinical episodes, hospital admissions, and deaths from malaria. The results show a 70% reduction in these outcomes compared to current interventions.
A new study found that nearly one in five babies in Brazil were born 'small' and at increased risk of mortality. The researchers identified six 'small vulnerable newborn' phenotypes, which showed the highest mortality risk was 62 times greater than full-term babies.
The Ohio State-led Moms2B program has shown a significant reduction in adverse pregnancy outcomes, including lower rates of preterm birth and infant mortality. By integrating education, services, and support directly into affected neighborhoods, the program empowers expectant mothers to deliver full-term, healthy babies.
New research from the University of California San Diego found that modern crop varieties introduced in 1961 reduced infant mortality rates by up to 5.3 percentage points globally, resulting in around 3-6 million infant deaths averted per year by 2000.
Researchers found that increasing funding in public health, housing, parks, and recreation can reduce infant deaths. Modest increases in annual funding were associated with small improvements in infant mortality rates, especially for mothers under 20 years old.
A new study found that infant mortality rates in California have increased among certain groups, including obese mothers, smokers, and African American women. The study analyzed data from over 4 million single births and found that children of African American women had nearly twice the risk of infant mortality compared to those of whi...
A Stanford-led study reveals a strong connection between air pollution and infant mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. The researchers found that even small increases in particulate matter concentrations lead to significant increases in infant mortality rates.
A study by Karolinska Institutet found that IVF-conceived children had a 45% higher risk of death before 1 year of age than naturally conceived children. The risk varied depending on the type of assisted reproductive technique used and how many days had passed since birth.
A recent study by Oregon State University researchers found that Coordinated Care Organizations (CCOs) in 2012 reduced infant mortality rates among Medicaid patients, particularly preterm births. The CCOs' integrated care model addressed social determinants of health, such as housing and transportation, to improve patient outcomes.
A recent study found that infant mortality rates in England have risen for the last four years, with a disproportionate impact on the most deprived local authorities. The research suggests that about a third of the increase in infant mortality may be attributed to rising child poverty, equivalent to an extra 172 infant deaths.
A recent study has challenged the success of a historic health intervention used in developing countries, suggesting it was not as effective as initially thought. The intervention, which began in 1917, aimed to control tuberculosis and reduce mortality rates, but the new analysis found no significant impact on TB cases or infant mortal...
A Dartmouth-led study published in JAMA Network Open found that quitting smoking during pregnancy reduces the risk of preterm birth. The probability of preterm birth decreased by up to 20% if cessation occurred at the beginning of pregnancy. However, only about 25% of women who smoked prior to pregnancy were able to quit throughout the...
Research by the Universities of Newcastle, Leeds, York, and Liverpool found that New Labour's policies narrowed the gap in infant mortality rates between English local authorities between 1999-2010. However, the trend was reversed since 2011 due to austerity measures.
The study found that provinces receiving high PEPFAR funding experienced significant reductions in infant mortality, saving the lives of many Kenyan children. However, the effectiveness of the program varies across countries and regions with different HIV prevalence rates.
A state-by-state analysis found that sudden unexpected death of infants (SUDI) is the most common cause of full-term infant mortality in the US. The study suggests that interventions to reduce SUDI risk could lead to a major reduction in infant mortality.
A study published in JAMA Pediatrics found that higher cigarette prices were associated with reduced infant mortality rates in the European Union. The research also showed that increased price differences between premium and budget cigarettes led to higher infant mortality rates.
Researchers found an association between infant mortality rates and the differences in costs between higher and lower priced cigarettes in 23 EU countries from 2004 to 2014. Increasing cigarette prices reduced infant mortality, with a one Euro increase per pack associated with fewer deaths per 1,000 live births.
Researchers found that racially segregated areas had higher mortality rates in both urban and rural areas, but blacks sometimes lived longer in segregated areas. This may be due to less exposure to deadly infectious diseases before antibiotics were widely available.
A Michigan State University doctor and professor teamed up to document high rates of Group B Streptococcus colonization in Nigeria. They identified new risk factors, allowing for effective treatment and significantly reducing infant mortality rates.
The infant mortality rate for black infants decreased from 14.3 to 11.6 per 1,000 births from 2005 to 2012, then plateaued before increasing again from 2014 to 2015. In contrast, white infant mortality rates declined steadily over the same period. The study highlights the need for targeted interventions, particularly reducing preterm b...
A new study from FSU's College of Medicine projects that 18 states can eliminate racial disparities in infant mortality by 2050, saving over 4,000 lives annually. This encouraging trend is a rare bit of news on infant mortality, which persistently affects black babies more than white babies.
Researchers found that state-level Medicaid payment reform led to a 14% reduction in early elective deliveries and improved gestational age and birthweight for infants. The impact was particularly significant for minority patients, with increased health disparities addressed through this policy change.
Researchers found a mathematical relationship between life expectancy and the convergence of ages at death, observed in various countries, historical periods, and populations. This rule suggests that fewer people are dying prematurely and living beyond average age of death as life expectancy rises.
A new study finds that paid maternity leave policies can reduce infant mortality by 13% in low- and middle-income countries. Researchers analyzed data from 20 countries across Africa, Asia, and Latin America and found that extending paid leave by one month prevents about 8 infant deaths per 1,000 live births.
A study of over 6 million newborns found that pre-pregnancy obesity is strongly associated with increased infant mortality rates, particularly from preterm-related causes and congenital anomalies. The risk of infant death was 32% higher for obese mothers, even after controlling for demographic factors.
A new study found a significant racial disparity in premature births among black women, which may explain much of the racial disparity in infant mortality. The study suggests that public health efforts should focus on access to prenatal care and preventive measures for high-risk black women.
A new study found that higher cigarette taxes are strongly associated with lower infant mortality rates in the US. The association is stronger for African American infants than non-Hispanic white infants, which has implications for reducing disparities in infant mortality between the two groups.
Researchers have found that the mortality rate for extremely preterm infants has not improved significantly since 2000, despite advancements in medical technology and treatment. Data from over 47,000 records shows a decline in mortality rates from 1990 to 2000, but no significant improvement from 2000 to 2010.
A study in Bangladesh found that daily maternal supplementation with multiple micronutrients compared to iron-folic acid before and after childbirth resulted in significant reductions in preterm births (18.6 vs 21.8 per 100 live births) and low birth weight (40.2 vs 45.7 per 100 live births). However, it did not reduce infant mortality...
A Swedish-US research team analyzed over 1.8 million births to find that maternal overweight and obesity increase infant mortality risk, with grade 2-3 obesity linked to more than doubled infant deaths. The study found modest increased risks for overweight mothers and significant increases for those with severe obesity.
The March of Dimes aims to reduce US preterm birth rates to 5.5% by 2030 through evidence-based interventions such as eliminating early elective deliveries and optimizing birth spacing. The organization is also funding research to discover unknown causes of premature birth and identify new interventions.
Research finds young multiparous women and those living in remote areas are at greatest risk of unplanned deliveries, which may increase infant mortality. The study suggests that limited access to proper medical care contributes to the increased risk.
A new study explores contributors to excess infant mortality in the US South, finding prematurity and Sudden Unexpected Infant Death as top causes. The research also highlights racial disparities in infant mortality rates, with non-Hispanic black births facing higher mortality rates in certain states.
A new study by Michigan State University researchers found that the black-white infant mortality gap remained stable for two decades after accounting for observable factors, leaving 74% of the gap unexplained. The gap declined by 2.6 deaths per 100,000 live births between 1983 and 2004.
Research in South Asian countries reveals that young maternal age and rapid pregnancies are major factors contributing to high infant mortality rates. In India and Pakistan, these factors account for nearly one-quarter of infant mortality among young mothers, leading to approximately 200,000 infant deaths annually.
A new study reveals that the average height of European males has grown by 11cm between the mid-nineteenth century and 1980. This increase is attributed to factors such as decreased infant mortality rates, smaller family sizes, increased income per capita, and better living conditions.
Two new studies describe health success stories outside the US, showcasing Avahan HIV prevention program transitioned to government management in India and Bolsa Família conditional cash transfer program reducing infant mortality rates in Brazil.
A new study by the Consortium on Financial Systems & Poverty finds that Thailand's healthcare reform led to a significant reduction in infant mortality rates among the poor. The '30 Baht Program' increased hospital payments for indigent care, resulting in more poor people seeking medical treatment and improved health outcomes.
A study published in Violence Against Women reveals that countries with high girl child marriage rates have significantly higher maternal and infant mortality rates. The research suggests a 70% reduction in maternal mortality could be achieved by reducing girl child marriage rates by just 10%. The findings support greater advocacy and ...
The state of Michigan has adopted a new plan to combat infant mortality, which includes the use of progesterone therapy to reduce preterm birth. This therapy has been shown to reduce the rate of preterm birth by up to 45% in women with a short cervix.
A new study reveals that babies born at 39 weeks have a significantly lower risk of death compared to those born earlier, with mortality rates declining by up to 50% per week after 37 weeks. This research supports the importance of continuing pregnancy until 39 weeks for optimal baby health.
A study found that expanded use of electronic medical records would substantially reduce infant mortality in the U.S., saving approximately 16 babies for every 100,000 live births. A complete national transition to electronic records would save an estimated 6,400 infants each year.
The use of electronic fetal heart rate monitors significantly lowers infant mortality, especially in high-risk pregnancies, according to a recent study. The findings show a 53% decrease in early neonatal mortality among infants with EFM.
The study found that Inuit-inhabited areas had a 2.7 times higher fetal and infant mortality rate, with higher rates of preterm birth and younger mothers, highlighting dire maternal and infant health situations.
A new study by Professor Olle Lundberg and colleagues found that policies supporting dual-earner families decrease infant mortality rates, while those supporting traditional male earner/female stay-at-home families do not. Increased generosity in basic state pensions also reduces excess mortality in old age.
A new study on chimpanzees reveals that infant mortality rates cycle in phase with social play amongst infants, driven by the ontogeny of playfulness. This three-year cycle is self-organized and emerges naturally from the demography, developmental ontogeny, and social behavior of chimpanzees.
A recent study found that multiple micronutrient supplementation reduced early infant mortality by 18% compared to iron and folic acid alone. The effect was greater in undernourished and anaemic women, with reductions of 25% and 38%, respectively.
A study on Bedouin villages in Lebanon found that first-cousin marriages increase infant mortality risk, but short birth intervals have a more significant impact. The research analyzed 1,399 children and found that infants born to first cousins have over double the odds of dying compared to non-first cousins.
A 19-year study found that primate tourism practices can lead to adult aggression, disease transmission, and increased infant mortality. The study suggests that range restriction and provisioning for tourists contribute to the problem, making them an inappropriate management strategy.
A new study published in Pediatrics found that preterm birth caused over one-third of infant deaths in the first year of life. The study used a new method to classify causes of infant death and found that premature birth was the leading cause, followed by birth defects.
Redistributive policies by social democratic parties are associated with lower infant mortality rates and increased life expectancy. These findings suggest that reducing social inequalities through policy has a positive impact on public health.
The March of Dimes Global Report reveals that at least 3.3 million children under 5 years old die annually due to serious birth defects, with an estimated 3.2 million surviving with lifelong disabilities. The report highlights the global toll of birth defects on mortality and disability rates in middle- and low-income countries.
The infant mortality rate has trended downward since 1983, with a significant drop between 1999 and the current year. Additionally, children are more likely to have a working parent, and reading to them is on the rise.
A state-of-the-art portable ultrasound system is being tested on two Indian reservations in South Dakota to monitor pregnant women. The system, MUSTPAC-3, requires little training and allows specialists to diagnose patients remotely, potentially reducing infant mortality rates.
The US has achieved an all-time high in life expectancy, with a decline in infant mortality rates and teen pregnancy. Despite progress, there are still areas that require further improvement, such as preventable fatal injuries to children and low-birth-weight rates.
The report shows that the Black middle class has grown and solidified, but significant obstacles to advancement remain. Despite improved health, wealth, and educational status, disparities persist in infant mortality rates, marriage rates, and college attendance.