Articles tagged with Economics Research
A new study finds that Front-of-Pack labelling on food products leads to a reduction in the quantity of labelled store-branded food purchased and an overall improvement in nutritional composition of consumers' shopping baskets. The study, published in the Journal of Health Economics, shows significant improvements in poorer households.
New research from Binghamton University found that citizens prioritize teacher and administrative staff over other spending cuts during economic crises. The study discovered that gender, age, income, party identification, and political ideology significantly influence public attitudes towards different forms of school budget cuts.
New Harvard research reveals a direct link between incoming business travel and economic growth, ranking countries by knowhow flow. The study raises concerns about the consequences of international travel restrictions on global GDP, suggesting a potential double-digit loss if business travel were to halt completely.
A new study by Cornell researchers uses machine learning to assess the effectiveness of mathematical tools in predicting financial markets. The model can also predict future market movements, a task considered extraordinarily difficult due to markets' massive amounts of information and high volatility.
The employment-to-population ratio for working-age people with disabilities decreased from 28.4% in June 2020 to 28.1% in July 2020, while the labor force participation rate for these individuals also declined. These findings suggest prolonged unemployment may discourage workers and lead to long-term employment stress.
A new study from Oregon State University found that 77% of low- to moderate-income American households fall below the asset poverty threshold. This means they would not have enough financial assets to maintain at least poverty-level status for three months if their income were cut off.
Researchers at LSU Health have discovered a crucial mechanism in brain cell communication that can help protect against stroke. They found that DHA, an omega-3 fatty acid, promotes the survival and integrity of neuronal cells by regulating key proteins involved in this communication.
Researchers employed a gendered ecosystem services approach with Lozi communities to identify locally relevant strategies for sustainable agricultural development. The study found that agroecological intensification, such as multiple cropping and agroforestry, can restore and maintain ecosystem services in cultivated lands while reduci...
Researchers found that reducing caesarean section rates among first-time mothers can result in substantial economic savings, with net present values of €1.1million and £9.8million per annual cohort. Improving vaginal births after c-sections also yields significant benefits, with net present values of €3.5M and £23.0M per annual cohort.
A recent study suggests that an increase in immigration to the US has little impact on the wages of native citizens. However, it does benefit low-skill workers, with average wage gains of around 4%. The study also found a small positive effect on high-skill natives' wages and reduced local real wage inequality.
Researchers, including Masoud Manjili, suggest that COVID-19 should be treated as an acute inflammatory disease due to dysregulated immune responses. Effective treatment strategies involve modulating inflammation without compromising the adaptive immune response.
Researchers create micropores in mouse skin, allowing drugs to diffuse through more easily, reducing pain from injections. The method has potential for transdermal delivery of insulin and other medications, alleviating daily injection needs.
A national biofuel policy encouraging sugarcane juice production may make India's water and energy resources more sustainable. Sugarcane cultivation has expanded due to policies that incentivize production, reducing resources for micronutrient-rich foods.
A new IIASA-led study examines how COVID-19 spreads regionally and between countries, revealing that government measures such as border closures and flight suspensions were crucial in preventing further transmission. The research also shows that international air travel played a significant role in the early stages of the pandemic.
A new study by the International Vaccine Access Center at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health estimates that immunization programs will save $681.9 billion for 2011-20 and $828.5 billion for 2021-30, with a return on investment ratio of up to 51:1.
A pilot study found that Snapchat improves diagnostic performance among radiology residents, who performed better on the platform than with traditional classroom screens. The results suggest a promising novel training method to enhance recognition of life-threatening imaging diagnoses.
Researchers found a sharp increase in Google searches for financial distress and disaster relief during the early months of the pandemic, while searches for related to suicide decreased. The study suggests that financial stress may predict a future increase in deaths from suicide.
Researchers analyzed ancient marine ecosystems in Tierra del Fuego and found that the Argentinian hake had a broader isotopic niche and fed on coastal habitats during the Middle Holocene period. This study predicts potential changes in the fishing industry in the region if environmental conditions align with those of the past.
Researchers from LSU Health New Orleans have identified microscopic evidence of inflammation in small cardiac vessels during autopsy of patient who initially recovered from COVID. The team notes the potential for increased clotting affecting pulmonary blood vessels beyond initial course of COVID-19.
A PLOS Special Collection explores current norms and practice in childbirth, focusing on positive transformation and balancing interventions. Key findings include the importance of oxytocin and one-on-one support during labor and birth.
Researchers find that a combination of subsidies, weather experience, and financial literacy leads to long-term insurance uptake. Subsidies alone have limited effect without financial education and actual payout experience.
A new material combines recycled concrete aggregate and rubber in a mix precisely optimised to meet road engineering safety standards. The blend is more flexible than standard materials, making roads less prone to cracking and delivering both environmental and engineering benefits.
A Stanford-led paper explores the unprecedented socioeconomic disruption caused by COVID-19, hypothesizing outcomes for Earth systems and outlining research priorities. The study aims to better understand the impacts of human activity on the environment, including greenhouse gas emissions, air quality, and the global economy.
A new study by Otago economists shows New Zealand's exports to China increased by 200% due to the 2008 FTA, contributing strongly to NZ's export growth. However, the research found no significant or robust impact on NZ's GDP per capita.
A new study from the University of Sheffield reveals that artificial intelligence (AI) can detect neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's before progressive symptoms worsen. AI-powered technologies can help predict disease progression and suggest the best treatments for individual patients.
Researchers estimate that reducing transmission of new diseases from tropical forests would cost between $22.2 and $30.7 billion annually, compared to the COVID-19 pandemic's estimated $8.1 to $15.8 trillion cost. Investing in prevention measures could save lives and reduce economic losses.
Researchers warn that pandemic bias may hinder careers of scientists with caregiving responsibilities or those unable to travel due to the pandemic. The Carnegie Mellon team suggests actions to mitigate this bias, including supporting scholars, reviewing more articles and grants, and providing leniency for affected colleagues.
A new study by Juul Labs found that the JUUL System's market entry in Canada likely decreased combustible cigarette sales, especially in urban markets. The study suggests that local tobacco market competition plays a strong role in uptake and purchase of vaping products.
A recent study from Ohio State University found that households immediately increase their spending after receiving tax refunds. In contrast, when households owe taxes, they do not reduce their spending, instead using other sources of funds to pay the bill. This challenges traditional economic theories about how people spend their money.
The proportion of Watch antibiotics in global consumption increased 90.9%, primarily in low- & middle-income countries, while Access antibiotics grew 26.2%. The ratio of Access to Watch antibiotics decreased across countries, raising concerns about stewardship challenges.
A recent study reveals that China's phosphorus cycling network has declined in resilience over the past four centuries, mainly due to increased food demand and dietary shifts. To mitigate this trend, experts suggest reducing fertilizer use, improving 'farm to fork efficiency', and increasing phosphorus recycling.
A recent study found an association between a healthy diet and reduced prostate cancer risk, as well as an increased risk with diets rich in sweets and beverages. The research team analyzed data from over 1,000 participants and identified key dietary patterns that may inform prevention strategies for prostate cancer.
A new study by Iowa State University researchers reveals that individuals tend to select retirement funds ending in zero, leading to an incompatible level of risk and potentially lower total wealth at retirement. The findings suggest that demographic factors such as age, income, and education can influence the likelihood of this 'zero'...
Researchers at the Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute have identified a new enzymatic activity of Sirtuin SIRT7 that regulates the cellular response to metabolic stress. This discovery opens the door to new therapeutic targets for treating leukaemia and other malignant haemopathies.
A study published in PNAS reveals a significant economic downturn in the Byzantine Empire's arid Negev desert during a pandemic in the mid-6th century CE. The research analyzed seeds found in ancient trash mounds, including grape pips, which show a high frequency, suggesting an increase in viticulture and wine export.
Researchers estimate a median 21% yield reduction for impacted corn and soybean crops, resulting in minimum economic costs of $587 million USD. The actual cost range is estimated at $0-$1.76 billion USD due to potential land area expansion.
A diagnostic startup, Amplified Sciences LLC, is seeing growing interest and support for its innovations in detecting debilitating diseases. The company has received $1.1 million in seed funding and has been accepted into the National Institutes of Health's Applicant Assistance Program.
Researchers at Penn Nursing and Drexel University explore how Black men articulate factors that facilitate or hinder their help-seeking for psychological symptoms after injury. The study found that severe posttraumatic symptoms create pathways to help-seeking, while financial worry and discrimination combine in a pathway toward help-se...
A new 42-country study reveals that men in more gender-equal societies are less likely to support women's causes and are more likely to hold hostile sexist attitudes. The research suggests that 'zero-sum' thinking, where gains for women equate to losses for men, is a significant barrier to achieving gender harmony.
Bioengineers at Stanford University have developed a method for forecasting black swan events, which are highly unlikely but massively consequential incidents. The method is based on analyzing long-term data from three ecosystems and has potential applications in healthcare, environmental research, economics, and politics.
Researchers found that small-scale maize farming with modern hybrid seeds and improved soil health can significantly reduce deforestation and mitigate climate change. This technique helps protect forests and promote food security, particularly for vulnerable communities in Zambia.
Researchers linked genetic data with historical records to uncover new insights into the slave trade's effects on African Americans and Latin Americans. The study found that Nigerian ancestry is over-represented in US African Americans, while Senegambians are under-represented due to their transportation to rice plantations.
Navatek and UofSC will develop advanced power control systems to intelligently manage ship resources and create a first-of-a-kind digital twin for the US Navy. The partnership aims to drive technological innovation and create jobs in South Carolina.
A study from Binghamton University found that each additional year of school equates to an earnings increase of 18-20% in South Africa. Cognitive skills also play a significant role in determining wages, with memory and orientation being more important in rural areas.
Researchers found rural communities experiencing high rates of firearm suicides are often diverse and have collective environmental risk factors. The study's findings support a broader public health approach that targets interventions in high-risk areas to reduce gun suicides and opioid deaths.
A high-level group of experts recommends strengthening federal nutrition research with improved coordination and investment to accelerate discoveries and reduce diet-related diseases. The new approach aims to generate critical science to rapidly treat and prevent diet-related diseases, improving public health and population resilience.
The Urban Future Lab and leading organizations have launched the Carbon to Value Initiative, a multi-year program to accelerate the development of carbontech innovations. The initiative will connect startups with industry leaders and create a collaborative ecosystem to make carbontech cost-effective and deployable at scale.
Researchers at Simon Fraser University are using eDNA technology to monitor salmon populations, which is expected to be more efficient and cost-effective than traditional methods. The study aims to compare eDNA samples with human fish counts to determine the most effective method for monitoring upriver migration of Pacific wild salmon.
Researchers at the University of Alberta and Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas developed a new method to analyze urinary metabolome in healthy newborns. The study provides reference data for 86 previously unmeasured chemicals in newborn urine, enabling more accurate diagnoses.
A new international research project aims to evaluate the impact of alcohol control policies on morbidity and mortality in Lithuania and other Baltic states. The study, led by CAMH and the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, will investigate the effectiveness of policy interventions implemented between 2016 and 2018.
A new UK study examines how COVID-19 affects working-class women's workload, exploring the additional pressures at work and home. The research aims to identify policy solutions to protect these women from financial hardship and health risks.
A new University of Minnesota study identifies livestock, wood stoves, farms, and residential buildings as significant contributors to deadly air pollution in the United States. The research highlights the need for targeted regulations to reduce emissions from these sources, which account for a substantial portion of PM2.5-related deaths.
San communities are marginalized despite living for thousands of years, with weak land tenure protections in Botswana. In contrast, Namibia recognizes their rights through community-based natural resources management and human rights organizations play a crucial role in advocating for their welfare.
The University of Arkansas will establish the Institute for Integrative and Innovative Research (I3R) with a $194.7 million grant, creating a flexible framework for interdisciplinary research across five clusters: data science, food technology, materials science, bioscience, and integrative systems neuroscience.
Aeroponic vertical farming offers a sustainable solution to grow high-value nutritious crops year-round, reducing environmental impact and increasing productivity. The study identifies seven key research areas to accelerate the growth of this branch of precision agriculture.
Emergency room visits for domestic violence incidents in California more than tripled during the Great Recession, signaling a need to prepare for similar effects during COVID-19. Black and Native American people were disproportionately affected, with hospitalization rates nearly doubling for Native Americans.
Researchers recommend community-based exit strategies for low and middle-income countries, considering local epidemic growth rates, social and economic costs, and existing health systems capabilities. These approaches can help revive the economy while preserving people's health.
A new study warns of the power of social influence in shaping organ donation decisions, revealing the 'lone wolf' effect where individuals opting out trigger a cascade of similar behavior. The researchers found that people are more likely to opt out if they perceive others doing so.
Researchers reconstructed a 1,000-year-old cat skeleton found along the Silk Road, revealing that the animal had been fed and cared for by humans. The study suggests cultural exchange and changes in animal husbandry practices in Central Asia during this time period.
West Virginia University is spearheading a $10 million project to develop a perennial multi-feedstock production system for sustainable energy and products. The Mid-Atlantic Sustainable Biomass for Value-Added Products Consortium will leverage research, education, and extension strategies to increase biomass utilization in the region.