Rutgers scientists found that eliminating an enzyme can increase risk of cancer and inflammation, while fine-tuning its activity could prevent obesity and related diseases. A balanced diet is crucial for maintaining the enzyme's balance.
Hurricane Maria strengthened into a major hurricane with cloud top temperatures as cold as minus 81.6 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating heavy rainfall potential. The storm is expected to move across the Leeward Islands and approach Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.
Researchers at Texas A&M AgriLife Research have discovered a long non-coding RNA that increases thale cress plants' resistance to drought and salt stress. Increasing the lncRNA's levels shows corresponding increases in drought and salt tolerance.
Researchers discovered the GREB1L gene associated with renal agenesis, a hereditary condition causing one or no kidneys. The finding enables early detection of the disorder, providing relief to families.
Researchers at the University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre have discovered a molecule that stimulates HIV replication in CD4 T cells located in the gut. By targeting this molecule, medications can significantly reduce HIV replication in undetectable patients, potentially leading to a functional cure.
A study found neuropsychiatric reactions like depression and aggression associated with montelukast in both children and adults. Clinicians should discuss potential adverse events, especially nightmares in kids, when prescribing this asthma medication.
Scientists at RIKEN Brain Science Institute discovered that emotional and flexible learning rely on noradrenaline's division of labor in the brain. Two types of learning - fear learning and extinction - require distinct populations of neurons, with different projections to the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex.
Researchers at Houston Methodist have discovered a critical target for developing a potential Group A Streptococcus vaccine or antibiotic. By blocking the production of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B (SpeB), they hope to reduce disease severity and prevent necrotizing fasciitis, also known as flesh-eating disease.
Researchers developed an intelligent smart meter that creates significant energy and money savings for homeowners by providing personalized advice on how to reduce energy consumption. The device has been shown to significantly reduce household energy usage and bills through clear actionable information.
Glycol ethers added to thin film manufacturing boost perovskite crystal structure and efficiency, increasing solar cell performance.
Researchers analyzed over five decades of precipitation data from North America to find that changes in nonextreme precipitation are more significant than previously realized and larger than those in extreme precipitation. These changes can have a strong effect on ecosystems, agriculture, infrastructure design and resource management.
A team of scientists has developed a new method for producing non-iridescent, bright structural colors inspired by the iridescence of bird feathers. The process uses a simple one-pot reverse emulsion technique to create supraballs with high color saturation and brightness.
The Mathematical Association of America has awarded funding to support projects increasing diversity in mathematics across all levels of education. The $150,000 grant will benefit women and underrepresented groups in mathematics through projects such as math camps, mentored research, and enrichment activities.
Researchers have identified a motor pathway in the sea lamprey that regulates swimming speed, which could be relevant to understanding movement disorders. The study suggests that dysfunction of this pathway may contribute to symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
A team of chemists has developed particles that can form endless architectures from a handful of basic pieces, self-assembling without human intervention. This technology enables the creation of microscopic building blocks with on-board instruction manuals, mimicking nature's manufacturing technology.
Research across over 100 languages reveals a consistent pattern of language divide towards warmer and cooler colors. The findings suggest that human languages prioritize labeling warm colors consistently due to their prevalence in foreground scenes.
A new study projects increased lung cancer death risks among people living with HIV who smoke, with heavy smokers facing the highest mortality rates. The study suggests that tobacco use accelerates lung cancer development and should be prioritized in comprehensive care for HIV patients.
Sandia researchers focus on decontamination foam development and sampling methods to determine contamination extent. The Underground Transport Restoration project explores subway system cleaning protocols and testing new decontamination methods in a mock system.
A new study found a significant association between individual and community level educational status and transactional sex behavior, which is an HIV risk factor. The researchers suggest that undereducated neighborhoods may be more prone to informal economies, leading residents to engage in transactional sex.
Researchers found OCD is associated with normative IQ that is slightly lower than control samples, suggesting slowness rather than intellectual ability. The myth may decrease motivation for seeking help, as TV programs like Monk perpetuate the misconception of OCD being linked to superior intelligence.
Researchers at the University of New South Wales have successfully detected polarised light from a rapidly spinning star for the first time. Using a highly sensitive piece of equipment, they measured Regulus' spin rate of 96.5% of its break-up velocity, equivalent to 320 km/s.
A University of Michigan study found that older Americans report feeling dramatically healthier than 14 years ago. However, the majority of health gains went to high-income, well-educated, and white individuals. Researchers used data from 55,000 adults to analyze health trends by education, race, and income.
Researchers discover bacteria in pancreatic tumors that metabolize a common chemotherapy drug, rendering it ineffective. The study suggests that targeting these bacteria may offer a new approach to treating pancreatic cancer.
Researchers found an association between infant mortality rates and the differences in costs between higher and lower priced cigarettes in 23 EU countries from 2004 to 2014. Increasing cigarette prices reduced infant mortality, with a one Euro increase per pack associated with fewer deaths per 1,000 live births.
Teenagers who try e-cigarettes are 2.16 times more likely to be susceptible to cigarette smoking, according to a study from the University of Waterloo and Wake Forest School of Medicine. The use of e-cigarettes among adolescents may lead to an increase in harmful cigarette use.
Researchers at MIPT and the University of Siegen have developed high-speed single-photon sources using diamond diodes, enabling efficient quantum communication and computing devices. The new design mechanism allows for precise photon emission times, crucial for applications such as quantum cryptography and quantum computing.
A Yale-developed videogame improved sexual health knowledge and attitudes among minority youth, while also reducing risky behavior and STI transmission rates. The game, PlayForward: Elm City Stories, was designed with teen input and showed sustained positive changes in attitudes and knowledge over a year.
Researchers at the University of Houston have discovered a new mechanism to boost performance in thermoelectric materials by increasing carrier mobility, enabling more efficient electricity generation from waste heat. The work expands the potential of magnesium-antimony materials for use in thermoelectric devices.
A new additive consisting of oxygenated organic compounds has been developed to reduce the release of pollutants during the combustion of fossil fuels. The researchers' study found that diethyl carbonate can facilitate clean combustion of diesel fuels, reducing soot production and environmental damage.
Congenital hyperinsulinism is caused by a genetic mutation that leads to permanent activation of the GDH protein, resulting in excessive insulin production. This triggers chronic hypoglycaemia, brain damage, and intellectual retardation. A new study may pave the way for novel therapies, including a drug that inhibits the GDH accelerator.
Researchers used CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing to study the optix gene's role in butterfly wing patterns. In four species, deleting optix resulted in black pigment replacing red and orange pigment, with changes in expression of genes involved in pigment production.
Researchers Shenglong Zhang and Wenjia Li are developing novel direct RNA sequencing methods to explore potential environmental and biological factors in serious diseases like cancer and diabetes. Their new tool can analyze RNA modifications in human, animal, and bacterial cells.
The article investigates the 1-good-neighbor diagnosability of alternating group graph networks under the PMC model, revealing that it has a high degree of fault-tolerance. The authors prove that the 1-good-neighbor diagnosability is higher than classical diagnosability when considering faulty neighbors.
A new study by Ohio State University researchers found that people who rely on concrete evidence to form their beliefs are less likely to have misperceptions about high-profile scientific and political issues. On the other hand, those who trust their intuition over evidence are more likely to believe fake news.
Researchers use digital holographic microscopy to detect microorganisms and evidence of life in Enceladus water plumes. A universal biosignature is also proposed to detect biological systems on ocean worlds like Enceladus.
Researchers have developed a proof-of-concept for producing drop-in fuels from biomass and electric energy through combined microbial and electrochemical conversion. The process achieved a 50% yield using corn beer as feedstock, with potential to scale up and improve yields.
A global analysis of 27,000 vertebrate animal species found that those in the Goldilocks zone face a lower risk of extinction than larger or smaller species. The largest and smallest species are disproportionately threatened by human activities such as harvesting and habitat loss.
The Shenzhen Declaration outlines seven priorities to address global sustainability, biodiversity loss, and environmental degradation. By integrating technology, local knowledge, and public engagement, the declaration calls for collaborative solutions to build a green, sustainable future.
The American College of Physicians (ACP) has reaffirmed its opposition to the legalization of physician-assisted suicide, citing ethical and clinical concerns. ACP emphasizes the importance of improving palliative care, including awareness and access, as a more effective approach to end-of-life care.
Children with ADHD exhibit excessive movement only when engaging their executive functions, particularly working memory. Research shows that tasks requiring complex cognitive processing, such as math lessons, trigger fidgeting and restlessness in kids with ADHD, while more passive activities like watching movies do not.
Researchers at Salk Institute discover two microRNAs that help cancer cells survive and subvert the immune response by lowering cGAS levels. Inhibiting these microRNAs in tumor cells slowed tumor growth, but their effect was diminished in immune-deficient mice.
New research from NYU Langone Health links wireless food stamp transactions to the buying of more healthy foods by people with low incomes. On average, SNAP beneficiaries purchased 5.4 more cups of fruits and vegetables when using EBT-equipped vendors compared to similar shoppers who paid with cash.
Tropical Storm Talim made landfall on Kyushu, Japan, weakening to an extra-tropical storm. The NASA-NOAA Suomi NPP satellite captured images of the storm after its transition, revealing a frontal system with clouds north and northeast of the center.
The American Academy of Pediatrics has released its first clinical report on tattoos and piercings, providing guidance for pediatricians on body modifications. The report highlights potential risks and complications, including infection, and emphasizes the importance of proper care and caution when getting a tattoo or piercing.
The American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) has awarded $275,000 in research grants to four early-career scientists to investigate the effects of radiation on breast cancer cells and tumor immune evasion. The awardees aim to develop innovative treatments that improve patient outcomes by modulating the immune response.
Eight children have been born to mothers who received fertilized eggs after a uterus transplant, marking significant progress in the field. A new project focuses on robot-assisted operations, aiming to improve patient outcomes and reduce complications.
A new study found that individuals with higher reward-related ventral striatum activity are less likely to experience depressive symptoms when they have poor quality sleep. This finding may help identify individuals for whom sleep hygiene is more effective or important.
A recent study found that most older adults (88%) have used prescription medications in the past year, with 42% taking potentially inappropriate medications. Despite this, only 42% of participants had discussed stopping one or more prescribed medications with their healthcare provider.
A team of Berkeley Lab scientists has discovered a critical role of nanoparticle transformation in converting carbon dioxide into multicarbon fuels and alcohols. The copper-based electrocatalyst operates at high current density with a record low overpotential, making it more efficient than existing catalysts.
Researchers at Binghamton University have created a wearable, single-use biosensor that integrates a paper-based glucose/oxygen enzymatic fuel cell into a standard Band-Aid adhesive patch. This device allows for non-invasive monitoring of glucose in human sweat during exercise, providing an attractive alternative to conventional methods.
A new UNC-Chapel Hill study found that beta blockers are not necessary after a heart attack if patients are already taking ACE inhibitors and statins. The study examined over 90,000 Medicare patients and found that those who took only ACE inhibitors and statins had a similar mortality rate to those taking all three drugs.
Researchers at IBS have identified a new mechanism involved in glaucoma development and progression, and found a potential therapeutic option to treat primary open-angle glaucoma. The study highlights the critical role of the angiopoietin-Tie2 system in Schlemm's canal functionality.
The NJIT-led project, LiFE, aims to showcase STEM as a collaborative space that fosters real-world problem-solving skills in girls of all academic levels. The program leverages corporate and government partnerships to develop cost-effective templates for broad participation in STEM careers.
University of Sydney researchers have achieved a groundbreaking breakthrough in transferring digital information between light waves and sound waves on a microchip. The innovation enables faster processing and reduces energy consumption by slowing down data transfer velocity to five orders of magnitude, making it suitable for use in te...
A study of 180 teenagers found evidence of organ damage in those with normal blood pressure and those in the mid-risk group. Researchers suggest that imaging of the heart may be useful to determine how aggressive therapy should be for youth in the high-normal range of blood pressure.
A new study estimates that excess NOx emissions from diesel cars cause approximately 5,000 premature deaths annually in Europe. Respiratory and cardiovascular diseases are the main causes of these deaths, accounting for around 90% of cases.
A quality improvement program using MAP framework improved hypertension control in primary care practices by 9.2 percentage points over six months. The program's evidence-based strategies encourage accurate blood pressure measurement and medication adherence, leading to reduced systolic pressures.
A new study found that adults with lower education levels and no partner are less likely to regularly check their blood pressure at home. This is associated with a higher frequency of home monitoring among those with high blood pressure who are aware of it and being treated.
A new study published in Human Brain Mapping found that older adults' brains show more bilateral communication than younger brains. This increased communication helps maintain healthy cognitive function despite the negative effects of aging.
A study at Children's National Hospital found that starting discharge education early, using a classroom setting and attuned communication improve parents' satisfaction with the NICU discharge process. The initiative boosted timely communication by 36% and improved satisfaction scores.