Most dietary guidelines are not compatible with global health and environmental targets, finds an analysis published by The BMJ. Reforming national dietary guidelines could prevent deaths from chronic diseases and cut greenhouse gas emissions, according to a new study.
The National Lung Matrix Trial, the world's largest precision medicine clinical trial for NSCLC, matches treatments to genetic changes in cancer. It found that targeted therapy is challenging due to genomic complexity and the need for more sophisticated models.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center identified a key brain region, the cerebellum's Rcrus1, which regulates repetitive and inflexible behaviors in individuals with autism. Inhibiting activity in this region improved social behaviors, while stimulation restored social functions, offering potential new therapies for ASD.
A study published in JAMA Network Open found that only 30% of US pediatricians fully implement recommended practices for preventing peanut allergy, with common barriers including lack of clinic time and parental fear. The 2017 guidelines aim to introduce peanut-containing foods at 4-6 months to reduce prevalence.
A study published in JAMA found that after universal masking was implemented at Mass General Brigham, the rate of COVID-19 infection among health care workers dropped significantly. The positivity rate decreased linearly from 15% to 11% after the policy was implemented.
Researchers at Lund University developed a novel surgical technique combining with smart nanoparticles to target lung tumors. The approach has shown promise in animal models, allowing for selective tumor targeting and reduced side effects.
A meta-analysis of 62 studies and 44,000 participants reveals that eight specific types of early life stress are associated with an increased risk of developing depression in youth. These include emotional abuse, poverty, and death of a family member, while others like sexual abuse and physical abuse show stronger links to the condition.
Researchers developed a hybrid solar energy converter that generates both electricity and thermal energy with high efficiency and low cost, enabling zero-net-energy development and greenhouse-gas-free operations. The system demonstrated 85.1% efficiency and is projected to have a system levelized cost of 3 cents per kilowatt hour.
Researchers at King Abdullah University of Science & Technology have developed a new model for positioning tethered unmanned aerial vehicles (TUAVs) to improve cellular phone and internet networks. The study shows that TUAVs can outperform free-flying UAVs in most scenarios with longer tethers.
Researchers from OIST Graduate University explored how ocean currents impact plankton diversity, finding that currents create barriers that limit dispersal and force coexistence of species. The study used mathematical models and metagenomics to uncover the mystery behind high plankton diversity in oceans.
European manufacturers are emerging as sustainable successors to combustion engines, with the European Commission investing heavily in initiatives to establish new factories and mining operations across the region. The goal is to create hundreds of thousands of jobs while reducing the carbon footprint of production.
A study using chemical analysis reveals that the Hyksos rulers of Ancient Egypt were a multi-cultural group who rose to power from within. The research found that a large percentage of the population in the ancient capital city were non-locals who immigrated from various places, contradicting the common story of a sudden invasion.
Researchers found that roflumilast cream significantly improved psoriasis signs and symptoms in as early as two weeks, with clear skin, itch reduction, and burden of disease improvement. The treatment showed promise for patients with plaque psoriasis lacking suitable options.
A recent study published in Environmental Health Perspectives found a strong association between natural gas flaring and an increased risk of preterm birth. Exposure to high levels of flaring was linked to a 50% higher odds of preterm birth compared to no exposure, with women living near flaring sites facing the greatest risks.
A three-year study found that a reading-and-writing exercise about social belonging increased the persistence and performance of Black, Latinx, Native American, and first-generation students. The intervention boosted retention by 10% and improved grade-point averages among these students.
Researchers say that five to 10 days of physical inactivity can lead to muscle loss and chronic diseases. Older adults who walk fewer than 1,500 steps a day can lose up to 4 percent of their muscle tissue in just two weeks.
A recent report highlights the growing importance of digital health for young people, who are using apps and online tools to track their health from a very young age. The study suggests that schools need to educate young people about digital health as part of the health curriculum to mitigate risks and promote healthy lifestyles.
A new study found that older women who eat more fish may counteract the negative effects of air pollution on their brains. The research discovered a link between higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids and greater brain volumes, particularly in white matter and the hippocampus.
A new paper from the University of Portsmouth argues that excessive pricing due to COVID-19 can be prevented by enforcing EU competition law and applying price controls. The research suggests that imposing fines may not be effective in addressing price gouging, as companies may continue to raise prices in the future.
A Nagoya University team has discovered a process called allosteric regulation in plants, which helps maintain the balance of phytohormones gibberellin and auxin. This finding could lead to improved rice crop productivity and provide a solution for food security.
A team of researchers has quantified human activity across Antarctica, revealing that almost every area has been visited. Biodiversity is not well-represented within these areas, highlighting the need for swift action to declare new protected areas.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute found that heparin, a common blood thinner, can effectively neutralize the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The drug binds tightly to the surface spike protein of the virus, preventing it from infecting human cells and potentially reducing the severity of COVID-19 symptoms.
Researchers at ANU have developed a novel organic semiconductor material that can be bent into any shape, promising faster and more flexible electronic devices. The material is made of just carbon and hydrogen, making it biodegradable and recyclable, which could reduce e-waste.
A team of scientists at Oak Ridge National Laboratory used neutron scattering and supercomputing to understand how an organic solvent and water work together to break down plant biomass. They identified optimal temperatures for the process, which can aid in the rational design of even more efficient technologies.
An analysis of COVID-19 patients identified unique immune signatures in severe cases. The study found characteristic immune phenotypes and innate immune system changes, suggesting targeted strategies for clinical care.
A global team of computer scientists developed a novel deep-learning framework to automate precise translation of human motion. The framework can accurately replicate motion retargeting without specifying explicit pairing between varying data sets, enabling the training of stronger models.
Smartphone accelerometers measure key muscle training time-under-tension indicators, aiding in resistance workouts and rehabilitation. The study uses these devices to obtain scientific mechanical-biological descriptors of resistance exercise training, providing valuable insights for trainers and healthcare professionals.
Researchers create Y-shaped DNA nanostructures that can fuse exclusively with similar ones, demonstrating controllability of liquid-liquid phase separation. The team also constructs a special DNA structure to bridge incompatible motifs, allowing for the creation of Janus-shaped droplets with localized cargo molecules.
A team of researchers developed an AI model to forecast complicated large-scale tropical instability waves in the Pacific Ocean. The model, which uses satellite data-driven deep learning, accurately predicted sea surface temperature evolution and captured TIW propagation's spatial and temporal variation.
The Schmidt Marine Coastal Pollution Challenge selected four innovative solutions to address the urgent need to eliminate the causes and reduce the impact of coastal pollution, specifically nitrogen and phosphorous. The winning projects include a biodegradable plastic alternative and a low-cost nitrogen sensor technology.
A recent Cleveland Clinic study has identified genetic factors that may influence an individual's susceptibility to COVID-19. The research found associations between polymorphisms in the ACE2 and TMPRSS2 genes and increased risk of cardiovascular and pulmonary conditions, as well as poor outcomes with COVID-19.
Biomolecular engineers at Rice University have developed a gene-editing technique that dramatically enhances the accuracy of CRISPR-based edits. The new technique, called A3G-BE, precisely modifies single targeted cytosine mutations while minimizing unwanted editing, showing significant success in treating disease-relevant contexts.
Researchers found that transitioning to renewable energy technologies has high energy return on investment (EROI) values, making it a worthwhile transition. The study analyzed dozens of studies on wind and solar renewables in regions with high solar and/or wind resources.
Researchers from Potsdam and the USA combined gravity field data from GRACE satellites with local measurement methods to track groundwater changes more precisely. This new approach allows for accurate water storage analysis in smaller regions, even for catchments as small as 1000 square kilometers.
A comprehensive study of 35 dog breeds found that vulnerability to joint disorders varies greatly depending on the breed, with smaller breeds generally unaffected. The study also identified significant increases in certain cancers in smaller dogs when neutered, highlighting the need for personalized neutering decisions.
A recent study by the University of Exeter reveals that Extinction Rebellion activists are more likely to be new to protesting, with 10% of participants being first-time demonstrators. The research also shows that these protesters are predominantly middle-class and highly educated individuals, with a strong presence from southern England.
Researchers have discovered a novel cell type called PRIME cells that accumulate in the blood before rheumatoid arthritis flares, allowing for potential early prediction of disease onset. The findings could lead to better management of the condition and its symptoms.
A recent study has found that elderly Alzheimer's patients are more susceptible to COVID-19 infection due to increased expression of the ACE2 gene, which acts as an entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2. The research, published in the Journal of Infection, suggests that elevated ACE2 levels can lead to a higher risk of infection.
A study by Hong Kong Baptist University found that slow-moving tropical cyclones bring about 20% more rainfall, resulting in increased flood risks in the region. The research also identified a correlation between slower moving speeds and higher rainfall volumes.
A new study reveals that dehydration increases amphibian vulnerability to climate change, with rising temperatures and dry conditions posing a dual threat. By 2080s, habitats may become too hot or dehydrating for many species, forcing them to adapt by moving between habitats more often.
Researchers have created a new material that mimics the strength and toughness of mother of pearl, with layers of aragonite stacked in an intricate herringbone pattern. The material is almost twice as strong and four times as tough as previous nacre mimics, making it suitable for sustainable medical uses.
A new study from Arizona State University and Stanford University uses data analytics to predict global warming trends and heat waves. The researchers tracked temperature variances over years and days, identifying early warning signs of catastrophic changes. Urban greening strategies may promote reverse tipping to restore climate syste...
A new study by Ohio State University suggests that consumers view independent providers in the sharing economy differently from traditional employees. Firms like Uber and Airbnb should focus on people who provide their services to effectively market themselves to consumers. This shift in perception may have implications for consumer be...
A systematic review of COVID-19 ICU mortality rates shows a relative decrease from 60% to 42% between March and May. Despite variations in admission criteria, treatments, and geographical location, the overall trend suggests improved survival rates for patients with severe COVID-19.
Researchers developed a technology to sort and purify nanoparticles using dielectrophoresis. The 'nanogap electrode' can capture particles as small as 20 nanometers, paving the way for applications in environmental and medical sciences.
The CHASING COVID study follows a diverse cohort of thousands of adults to understand the effects of COVID-19 on mental health, employment, and economic outcomes. The study aims to inform the response to the pandemic and future pandemics with knowledge generated from its longitudinal epidemiologic design.
A recent study by the University of Tsukuba found that regular physical activity improves cognitive skills, especially in children with initially poor executive function. The research suggests daily physical activity is critical for school-aged children and has practical implications for educational institutions.
A new study from Penn researchers identified three distinct immune profiles in severely ill COVID-19 patients. These immunotypes were characterized by different levels of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activity, with the third type showing little to no immune response. The findings could help predict disease severity and guide treatment strategies.
Researchers detected six coumarins in oak wood, wine, and spirits, finding that a combination can produce a bitter taste. Higher levels of coumarins were found in red wines and spirits, particularly those aged for longer times.
A study by FSU researchers found that asphalt binder leaches thousands of potentially toxic compounds into the environment when exposed to sunlight and water. The team used high-resolution mass spectrometers to identify over 15,000 different carbon-containing molecules in the water.
Researchers have discovered a peptide in scorpion venom that can dilate blood vessels and lower blood pressure in hypertensive rats. The compound, KPP, regulates proteins associated with cell death, energy production, and muscle contraction.
Researchers found similarities in dietary patterns between noble families and commoners, despite social differences. They also identified specific trace elements that revealed a person's diet and exposure to certain metals.
Researchers create 3D Dynamic Scene Graphs, enabling robots to quickly generate maps of their surroundings and extract relevant information. The new model is modeled after human perception and allows robots to navigate and make decisions like humans.
Researchers at Caltech have found bacteria that use manganese as their primary source of energy, converting carbon dioxide into biomass through chemosynthesis. This discovery sheds light on the geochemistry of groundwater and has implications for understanding manganese nodules on the seafloor.
Research finds obesity and metabolic syndrome to be risk factors for severe disease from viral infections. Patients with these conditions are at increased risk of developing severe pneumonia and a cytokine storm that damages lung tissue, making them more susceptible to severe illness from influenza and COVID-19.
A study found that Gulf Coast children who were exposed to the oil spill had a significantly higher likelihood of experiencing physical and mental health problems. The impacts persisted years after the disaster, with physical health issues being 4.5 times more common in directly exposed children.
Ketone bodies, produced during fat metabolism, may have therapeutic benefits against COVID-19, seasonal flu and other respiratory infections. Researchers propose testing ketone supplementation to bolster muscle function and attenuate delirium among infected survivors.
A new study by The George Institute for Global Health found that prediabetes is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease and death. Researchers analyzed over 10 million people and found that early detection and proper treatment can have significant benefits in reducing the burden of these conditions.
Expert panel recommends criteria for resumeing elective orthopedic surgery, including local COVID-19 trends and personal protective equipment availability. Guidelines also emphasize patient education, social distancing, and postoperative safeguards.
A study from Washington University in St. Louis reveals that Indigenous people in Oconee Valley continued to live and resist European influence for nearly 150 years, reframing historical narratives of early colonial encounters. The research highlights the longevity and endurance of Indigenous Mississippian traditions.