A recent study of over 700 Peruvian adolescents during the COVID-19 lockdown found that teenagers who interacted positively online reported less loneliness and better well-being. The quality of their online interactions, such as chatting with friends and relatives, was a key factor in reducing loneliness.
A new study by UCL researchers highlights the significant mental health burden on frontline healthcare workers during the Covid-19 pandemic. The study calls for increased mental health awareness training, more assertive outreach to identify those in need, and sustained funding for psychological support services.
A recent study found that mTORC1 enhances neuronal network activity in TSC neurons by increasing Ca2+ influx via L-type Ca2+ channels. This increase promotes axonal extensions and triggers sustained activation of CREB, a transcription factor important for synaptic plasticity.
A national study shows that reducing US jail populations leads to community-wide public health benefits, as overcrowded facilities become 'infectious disease incubators' for COVID-19. Decarceration reduces the spread of SARS-CoV-2, benefiting both those released and communities nationwide.
Researchers at SFU have discovered a new source of earthquakes and tsunamis in the Greater Tokyo Region, located near tectonic plate boundaries. The study suggests that low-lying areas like Delta, Richmond, and Port Alberni may be vulnerable to tsunamis originating from this region.
A new precision medicine test has been developed using blood proteins to identify patients with idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) most likely to respond to siltuximab. The study also reveals Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors as a promising alternative treatment option for those who do not respond to siltuximab.
Scientists detect early resistances to new antibiotic combination in Germany, limiting its potential as a treatment option for carbapenem-resistant pathogens. The study highlights the importance of genome-based surveillance for early detection of new resistance developments and emerging pathogens.
A research team from Kyoto University assessed eight flight routes during five ground level enhancements to evaluate the risks of solar particle events. The study found that the maximum flight route dose and dose rate arising from major GLE events would need to exceed 1.0 mSv and 80 µSv/h, respectively, for countermeasures to be deemed...
Researchers analyzed data from 260 AML and ALL trials and found that enrollment of Black and Hispanic patients was significantly lower after the establishment of demographic reporting requirements. The study highlights the need for targeted enrollment diversification strategies to ensure all patients are represented in clinical trials.
A new study designed in collaboration with autistic scholars shows improvements in implicit biases about autism among the general public. The research found that autism trainings developed with autistic input were more effective at reducing implicit biases and improving explicit knowledge about autism.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo have made a surprising discovery about the behavior of electrons in iron-based superconducting materials. They found that the electrons form a nematicity wave, which could help them understand how electrons interact with each other in superconductors and lead to new discoveries.
A study published in Reproductive Toxicology found that rhesus macaques exposed to wildfire smoke early in pregnancy had an increased rate of miscarriage. The researchers discovered that high levels of small particles (PM2.5) and phthalates, known endocrine disruptors, were present in the smoke.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg have developed a simple blood test to detect treatment-triggered encephalitis in patients undergoing immunotherapy. The study found that markers such as S-100B and NFL can act as early warnings for encephalitis, allowing for timely administration of anti-inflammatory drugs.
A new food freezing method called isochoric freezing preserves food without turning it to solid ice, killing microbial contaminants during processing. This technology could save up to 6.5 billion kilowatt-hours of energy and reduce carbon emissions by 4.6 billion kg annually.
Scientists have discovered that geckos use their tails to recover from head-first crashes into rainforest trees, with implications for the design of agile robots. This versatile behavior allows geckos to stabilize themselves after impact and maintain control during gliding maneuvers.
The University of Texas at San Antonio's Center for Innovative Drug Discovery (CIDD) has received a $3.2 million grant to develop strategies targeting cancer-related proteins considered 'undruggable'. The Proteolysis-Targeting Chimeras (PROTAC) platform aims to promote degradation of targeted cancer proteins and kill cancer cells.
A new diagnostic system developed by RIKEN researchers can rapidly and sensitively measure COVID-19 antibodies, enabling precise testing at medical facilities. The system uses a microchip to detect antibodies with sensitivity 500 times higher than conventional methods.
SourceRIKEN·JournalBulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 2, 2021
Researchers provide generalized communication principles for successful bid writing in the gig economy, including moderate call length, task information focus, and concreteness. By managing uncertainty through bids, freelancers can increase their chances of winning gigs and achieving price premiums.
Osaka University researchers have created an adhesive-free method to strongly combine copper foil with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), reducing transmission losses in electronic circuits. The heat-assisted plasma treatment technique improves adhesion strength without adding intermediate layers.
A new study from the University of Virginia Health System found that Moderna's vaccine produced higher antibody levels than Pfizer's, especially in older subjects. The researchers caution that measuring antibody levels does not necessarily predict vaccine effectiveness.
A global food panel could bring together scientists, governments and stakeholders to tackle food insecurity, climate change and health crises. However, its legitimacy and impact depend on ensuring diverse knowledge participation and inclusive governance.
A new study from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign introduces an electrochemical redox desalination process that removes up to 99% of excess salt from whey while refining over 98% of its valuable protein content. The process uses less energy and operates at a lower cost compared to conventional desalination systems.
A recent study found that warmer temperatures are associated with an increase in COPD exacerbations. The research analyzed data from over 1,100 smokers with COPD and discovered a 2% increased risk of exacerbations for every one-degree Celsius rise in ambient temperature.
The COgITOR project aims to develop an initial prototype for an autonomous liquid cybernetic system that can be used as an intelligent, active probe in extreme areas. The system will be composed of concentric spheres containing solvents enriched with nanoparticles and a silicon chip in the centre.
Astronomers discovered a stellar collision that triggered a supernova explosion in a companion star. The collision was detected using the VLA and VLASS survey, revealing a centuries-long death dance between two massive stars.
A new study found that a next-generation brain implant for treating refractory epilepsy does not induce changes to patients' personalities or self-perceptions. The study follows 12 patients and their family caregivers over two years, providing reassurance for patients implanted with this device.
Research reveals cichlids exhibit highly dynamic sex chromosomes, transitioning between XY and ZW systems. Genome analysis identified over 70 species with distinct sex-determining genes.
A new study redefines the concussion recovery process, finding it takes up to 28 days for most athletes to recover from injury. The study's lead researcher suggests reframing expectations to avoid stigmatizing concussed athletes who take longer than previously suggested recovery times.
A new study from Stockholm University analyzed intermarried immigrants and found that they had a higher mortality rate from COVID-19 compared to native Swedes. The researchers excluded individuals with missing data and considered various factors such as education and income, but still found no correlation between language proficiency a...
A Rutgers-led study found that medically treated opioid overdoses in New Jersey Medicaid beneficiaries increased by over 300% from 2014-2019, driven primarily by heroin and synthetic opioids. The study also revealed high rates of co-occurring conditions such as depression, hepatitis C, and alcoholism among those who suffered overdose
The study found SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in 44% of blood donors aged 16 to 64 in Kenya. The results suggest that the virus may have circulated in the country before widespread reporting began.
Researchers from Osaka City University have developed a Bayesian phase difference estimation (BPDE) algorithm that directly calculates the energy difference between two relevant quantum states. This breakthrough enables precise accuracy in chemistry problems and overcomes limitations of conventional full-CI calculations.
A new study by the University of Plymouth and Essex found that many adults struggle to imagine their own visual perception as a flat image, resisting the idea of 'corrected' vision. When shown two lines with different lengths, participants often judged them as equal in length, despite being able to see one as longer when viewed on camera.
Physicists have successfully tested the theory of generalized hydrodynamics in one-dimensional gases, demonstrating its accuracy in simulating out-of-equilibrium quantum systems. This breakthrough could greatly simplify the study of such systems and eventually inform the development of quantum-based technologies.
The study assesses how much energy is needed to provide the global poor with a decent life and found that this can be reconciled with efforts to meet climate targets. The researchers identified gaps in decent living standards (DLS) by region and estimated the amount of energy required to fill them.
A team of researchers at Case Western Reserve University has developed an AI-powered tool that can accurately predict which COVID-19 patients will need a ventilator to breathe. The tool, trained on CT scans from nearly 900 patients, shows an impressive 84% accuracy rate in identifying patients who require breathing assistance.
The study found that master's graduates have an average employment boost of 12% compared to undergraduate degree holders. Women benefit more, gaining a 10% salary increase due to the investment in their career and access to better workplaces.
Researchers estimate that up to 1.7% of the Japanese population may have undiagnosed Gitelman syndrome, a salt-wasting tubulopathy that affects kidney function and electrolyte balance. The condition can lead to fatigue, muscle weakness, and arrhythmia, but is often misdiagnosed or overlooked due to its subtle symptoms.
Research shows that large eggs in small hens lead to keel bone fractures, affecting 85% of Danish laying hens. Hens from different production systems also suffer from the issue.
A recent study found that Cavalier King Charles spaniels have an increased number of disease-causing mutations compared to other breeds. The breed's history of intense breeding and limited gene pool has led to the accumulation of harmful genetic variants, including those linked to myxomatous mitral valve disease, a common heart condition.
A comprehensive review found that site-specific nutrient management (SSNM) increases yield by 12% and profitability by 15%, while saving 18 kg N/ha and reducing environmental risk. SSNM can detect and correct long-standing nutrient input inadequacies, improving outcomes.
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed a synthetic diiron-containing porphyrin that can efficiently catalyze the conversion of radiant energy from the sun into chemical energy. This breakthrough has potential applications in creating non-fossil-based fuels and electrochemical cells for renewable energy storage.
A study of over 20,000 medical records found pregnant women with regurgitant or 'leaky' heart valves are up to 100 times more likely to experience cardiac complications during delivery. Women with any type of valve disease should receive increased screening and attention before and during pregnancy.
A new study from Penn Medicine demonstrates that RN7SL1, a naturally occurring RNA, can activate the body's own natural T cells to seek out cancer cells that have escaped recognition by CAR T cells. This approach may help improve efforts to treat solid tumors.
Researchers used new approaches to track Lyme disease in Texas, finding an overlap between tick-bite locations and human cases. The study suggests that tick-bite location may serve as an indicator for human disease risk in nonendemic areas.
A large-scale review of clinical evidence suggests that losing significant weight through diet or surgery can bring about type 2 diabetes remission. Meal-replacement diets and low-carbohydrate diets were found to be effective in achieving remission, with people who lost the most weight being more likely to succeed.
Researchers used flight efficiency estimates from museum specimens to predict bird dispersal distances, revealing that species with elongated wings can disperse farther. This study has applications in biodiversity conservation, as reduced flight capabilities may threaten bird populations.
Scientists used LP-TA spectroscopy to study molecular orientation at heterojunctions of all-small-molecule organic solar cells. The angle between donor and acceptor molecules was estimated, revealing parallel and vertical orientations in different blends. This technique provides complementary information for X-ray scattering measurements.
Researchers discovered that insects like scorpions and ants use zinc- and manganese-enriched materials to create sharp edges, allowing them to penetrate tough skin with less force. This biomaterial property enables small organisms to obtain food with smaller muscles and less energy.
Researchers developed cross-linked hole transport layers to improve perovskite tandem solar cell efficiency by reducing non-radiative recombination and increasing charge extraction rates. This approach enables higher power conversion efficiencies, surpassing the Shockley-Queisser limit of single-junction solar cells.
Researchers at NIST demonstrate a faster and more accurate way to calibrate microphones using lasers. The new technique surpasses the current industry standard, offering potential for commercial applications in industries like factories and power plants.
Researchers found that geckos' tails act as a fifth leg to stabilize themselves on vertical surfaces, helping them land safely after colliding with trees. A gecko-inspired robot confirmed this finding, showing that the longer the tail, the lower the force pulling the back feet away from the surface.
A single-center retrospective study found that preoperative thoracic CT findings can complement preoperative clinical risk factors to improve risk assessment for the need of postoperative mechanical ventilation. Bronchial wall thickening, pericardial effusion, and anteroposterior chest diameter were identified as independent predictors...
A UNSW psychology researcher recommends a set of neurocognitive and mental health questionnaires to harmonize the assessment of long COVID patients. These tests can be used internationally and in various cultural settings to address key questions about the problem, including brain fog and dementia risks.
Researchers at Shinshu University successfully insert Mg2+ between graphite layers, achieving a large reversible capacity of ~200 mA h g-1. This breakthrough paves the way for developing magnesium secondary batteries with high energy density and long lifespan.
A new study from NYU Langone Health found that losing weight and managing excess body fat can significantly reduce the risk of lung disease in firefighters exposed to toxic substances on 9/11. The study analyzed 20 years of data from over 5,700 first responders and identified five key factors that predict lung disease.
The Safeguard project will assess the status and trends of European wild pollinators, including bees, butterflies, and other insects. It will also explore effective ways to halt declines in different scales, from local to global.
Researchers combined VOD with remote sensing data from optical satellites to analyze the effects of fire on Amazon canopy dynamics. The study found that VOD provided a more accurate picture of photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic biomass changes, and that rainfall was close to average during the fire season.
A new study finds that rapid Arctic warming is driving extreme winter weather in the US, particularly intense snowfall events and anomalous cold snaps. The findings reveal a physical link between Arctic amplification and stratospheric polar vortex disruption, which are contributing to increased frequency of winter weather extremes.
A nationwide study of transgender individuals in the Netherlands found a significantly increased mortality risk compared to cisgender people. The analysis of national data from 1972 to 2018 revealed that transgender women and men faced higher risks of cardiovascular disease, lung cancer, infection, and non-natural causes of death.