Scientists at ETH Zurich create an artificial solid with switched-on interactions using magnetic fields, observing surprising topological effects. The study reveals the ability to transport particles by one lattice site, mimicking a screw's motion, and demonstrates robustness against disorder.
A new study by UNC-Chapel Hill researcher Jennifer E. Arnold examines how people use 'they/them' pronouns in a spoken storytelling context. The findings show that college-aged speakers are able to adopt and use nonbinary 'they' with ease, suggesting a natural process of language change.
Researchers observed a rare instance of lemur predation by a fosa in the Betampona Strict Nature Reserve. The impact of this predation, combined with low reproductive rates and genetic isolation, poses significant threats to the survival of critically endangered lemurs.
Scripps Research chemists develop a new set of copper-catalyzed reactions for building and modifying pharmaceuticals. The two-mode approach, inspired by human detox enzymes, offers a simple and efficient method for performing dehydrogenations and lactonizations on inexpensive starting compounds.
Researchers at the Universiteit van Amsterdam triggered mini-earthquakes in a lab by applying a small seismic wave to a granular material. The study shows that these events can be understood using laboratory-scale frictional experiments, and its findings are relevant for understanding remote earthquake triggering in larger faults.
Rutgers scientists found thriving and growing surfclam populations off the coast of Virginia, with characteristics similar to those in New Jersey. The study suggests improved environmental conditions or adaptation may be responsible for the rebound.
In a groundbreaking study, scientists found that juvenile great white sharks prefer warm and shallow waters near the shore, often within 1 km of land. This behavior may help them evade predators and optimize growth efficiency in these nurseries.
HKU researchers created Quantum-Enhanced Diamond Molecular Tension Microscopy (QDMTM) to study cell adhesion forces, offering enhanced sensitivity and precision. The technique differentiates cells in various adhesion states, aligning with previous findings.
Research found that chemicals present in microplastics can leach into human sweat and be absorbed through the skin, entering the bloodstream. The study used innovative 3D human skin models to demonstrate this process, revealing that up to 8% of the chemical exposed could be taken up by the skin.
Researchers identified alterations in the monkeypox virus genome that correlate with increased transmissibility, shedding light on the 2022 outbreak. The study's findings may help develop more effective prevention and treatment strategies.
A new study has sorted through models attempting to solve the cosmological tension, a discrepancy between two ways of calculating the universe's expansion. Three models that were previously viable solutions were excluded by the new data, while others reduced the tension but not solved it.
A randomized clinical trial found self-administered acupressure to be efficacious and cost-effective in reducing knee pain and improving mobility in middle-aged and older adults with probable osteoarthritis. The treatment also showed significant benefits in terms of quality of life.
Researchers develop Co@Y catalyst for selective ethylbenzene oxidation to acetophenone, showing superior performance and stability. The self-accelerating phenomenon is attributed to the generation of reactive oxygen species at the single-site cobalt center.
Research from the University of Florida shows that leaders reflecting on family gratitude experience higher levels of prosocial impact, motivating them to engage in helpful behavior towards employees. This reflection practice can be incorporated into daily routines, promoting a positive work environment.
Researchers used a new integrated wireless system to record brain activity in frontal areas of macaques' brains while they foraged. The results indicate that foraging strategies are based on a cortical model of reward dynamics.
SlWRKY80 plays a crucial role in regulating tomato resistance to saline-alkali stress by positively modulating the JA metabolic pathway. The protein enhances spermidine synthesis and stabilizes Na+/K+ homeostasis, leading to reduced sensitivity to salt alkali stress.
Researchers developed a compositionally graded nickel-based alloy for high-temperature applications, outperforming coated materials. The new alloy design reduces environmental degradation and thermal instability, increasing efficiency and lifespan.
The Necrotizing Enterocolitis Society has released a statement on the Watson vs Mead Johnson verdict, highlighting the devastating impact of NEC on premature and medically fragile infants. The organization emphasizes the importance of adequate nutrition and protective care practices to prevent NEC.
Researchers at Universitatsklinikum Bonn found that ChatGPT can correctly extract 94% of data entries from thrombectomy reports without post-processing. The AI outperformed human expertise in this task, suggesting its potential as an alternative to manual data transfer
Researchers introduce a new model that suggests dense stellar clusters can eject pairs of giant planets, which remain gravitationally bound to each other as they float through space. This discovery fills a critical gap in our understanding of planetary evolution and challenges prevailing theories of planet formation.
Research found associations between high genetic risk of ADHD and comorbid health conditions, such as obesity, type II diabetes, and heart diseases. The study suggests timely detection and treatment of ADHD symptoms can mitigate these consequences.
A recent study found that nearly 1 in 5 older adults in central Ohio report not being prepared for emergencies, with those in lower-income counties facing the greatest challenges. The study highlights the need for targeted interventions, such as tax levies and education on climate risks, to protect vulnerable populations.
A new study identifies Anqa as a near mirror image of Dura-Europos, sharing similar composition and strategic importance. Located just across the Syrian border from Dura-Europos, Anqa's remains offer a unique window into the ancient Middle Euphrates region.
Women with germline BRCA pathogenic variants face increased risk of mortality from postpartum breast cancer, particularly those diagnosed under 10 years after giving birth. The study highlights the importance of genetic counseling and tailored prevention strategies for these high-risk individuals.
Researchers led by Professor Jin Wu at HKU have developed a method to map plant functional traits from space using time-series satellite data. The approach combines vegetation spectroscopy and phenology, providing insights into ecosystem functioning and biodiversity.
A Wayne State University researcher is working to transform code review tools and workflows to address participants' challenges in understanding and communicating code changes. The goal is to produce high-quality feedback using empirical methods, machine learning, and natural language techniques.
The team designed a full-parameter omnidirectional planar invisibility cloak composed of two homogeneous materials, achieving omnidirectional impedance matching and zero phase delay. The cloak demonstrated excellent invisibility performance in experimental verification, making it suitable for radar communication and bistatic detection.
Researchers have developed a pressure-alternating shoe insole that provides periods of rest to the soft tissues, thereby reducing the risk of diabetic foot ulcers. This innovative technology aims to mitigate the risk of complications from poor circulation and foot sores.
Researchers analyzed firm-level data from the global supply network, revealing that wealthy nations are only exposed to supply chain disruptions from other high-income countries. Poor and developing nations are disproportionately affected by economic shocks due to their structural embeddedness in their local or national supply chains.
Researchers at University of Cologne discover Cnicin, a plant-based compound that significantly accelerates axon growth in animal models and human cells. This breakthrough has the potential to treat paralysis and neuropathy by enabling nerves to regenerate more quickly.
The American College of Physicians recommends adding SGLT-2 and GLP-1 agonists to metformin in adults with Type 2 diabetes for improved cardiovascular outcomes. The guidelines prioritize shared decision-making, considering individual patient characteristics and values.
Researchers study lithium-8 and boron-8 mirror nuclei to understand the weak nuclear force, achieving highest precision of their kind. The results confirm Standard Model predictions with increased confidence.
Scientists have identified a consistent signature of multiple sclerosis in the blood of patients years before they develop symptoms. The discovery, published in Nature Medicine, could lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment of the disease, affecting nearly 1 million people in the US.
Researchers have achieved quantum interference among several single photons using a novel, resource-efficient platform, paving the way for scalable quantum technologies. This breakthrough represents a significant advancement in optical quantum computing.
Researchers used optical coherence tomography to measure inner retina thickness in Parkinson's patients. The study found that thinner retinas are associated with faster cognitive decline and greater disease severity.
Researchers developed a novel way to localize cancer-killing cytokines in tumors to improve treatment effectiveness. The approach ensures that immune cell-stimulating cytokines remain within the tumor for weeks, reducing toxicity to healthy cells.
A massive genetic study of over 1.2 million people has pinpointed 95 loci associated with PTSD risk, including 80 previously unknown locations. The study also identified 43 genes that appear to contribute to the development of PTSD, providing new targets for prevention and treatment strategies.
Researchers investigate the neuroprotective effects of tocotrienols in alleviating obesity-induced cognitive decline. The study found that T3s treatment improved cognitive function and mitigated oxidative stress in mice fed with a high-fat, high-sucrose diet.
A new study from the University of California, Davis found that coal train pollution has significant health effects disproportionately impacting communities of color and low-income populations. The study estimates that six additional deaths may occur annually among exposed populations under severe scenarios.
A new DC-DC power converter designed by Kobe University team offers superior voltage ratio, system stability, and simplicity, achieving an impressive efficiency of up to 98.3%. The device can efficiently interface with various energy sources, making it suitable for renewable energy integration and electric vehicle applications.
Researchers have achieved record speeds of up to 900 m/s by moving magnetic skyrmions using electrical currents. This breakthrough offers new prospects for developing higher-performance and less energy-intensive computing devices.
A new study found that older electric vehicle models depreciate in value faster than conventional gas cars, but newer models with longer driving ranges are retaining their value better. The research also showed that the COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected vehicle affordability.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have developed a novel 2D/3D/2D heterostructure material that can minimize energy loss while preserving ferroelectric material properties. The new structure achieved an energy density up to 19 times higher than commercially available capacitors and efficiency over 90%.
Researchers have discovered that bismuth alloys can provide a better seal than traditional cement plugs, reducing the risk of leaks and greenhouse gas emissions. The innovative solution has the potential to save Norway billions of dollars in plugging costs, with reduced installation time and no need for rigs.
Researchers assess the effectiveness of population-based recovery actions for southern mountain caribou, finding that interventions have stabilized herd numbers but require decades of habitat restoration. The study highlights the importance of evidence-based solutions to support caribou conservation.
Researchers have uncovered a mechanism in the brain that allows cocaine and morphine to take over natural reward processing systems. A largely overlapping population of cells respond to both addictive drugs and natural rewards, leading to behavior directed toward drug-seeking and away from natural rewards.
Researchers found that BTF3L4 overexpression mediates APAP-induced liver injury by inducing inflammation and damaging mitochondrial function. Increased BTF3L4 expression is positively associated with liver injury and may serve as a biomarker.
A new robotic suction cup mimics the adhesive properties of octopus suckers to grasp complex surfaces like rocks and shells. The device uses a multi-layer soft structure and artificial fluidic system to achieve long-lasting suction with minimal overflow.
A new urine test, MyProstateScore 2.0 (MPS2), measures 18 genes associated with prostate cancer and offers higher diagnostic accuracy than existing tests. The test reduces unnecessary prostate biopsies by up to 51% in men with a history of previous negative biopsy.
EPFL researchers develop DNGEs, 3D-printable double network granular elastomers that can vary their mechanical properties. These inks enable the creation of flexible devices with locally changing properties, eliminating the need for cumbersome mechanical joints.
A research team led by Dr. Serge Krasnokutski has discovered that peptides can form on cosmic dust particles even in the presence of water molecules. The study used a vacuum chamber to replicate interstellar conditions and found that the formation of peptides was slowed down but still occurred.
Research reveals 66-75% of people experiencing homelessness have underlying mental health conditions, with males affected more severely. The study emphasizes the need for integrated interventions and gender-specific approaches to address homelessness and related health disparities.
A Japanese composer has created a 6-minute-long string quartet using over 30 years of satellite-collected climate data from the Arctic and Antarctic. The composition, titled 'String Quartet No. 1
Researchers have discovered a new species of ancient snake, Vasuki Indicus, which lived around 47 million years ago in India. The snake is estimated to be between 10.9 and 15.2 meters long, making it one of the largest snakes to have ever existed.
The researchers used an optomechanical methodology to extract the thermal expansion coefficient, specific heat, and thermal conductivity of five different materials, including graphene and ultra-thin silicon membrane. This method provides a route toward improving our understanding of heat transport in the 2D limit.
A study analyzing nearly 900,000 high school students found that cannabis legalization and retail sales have limited associations with adolescent substance abuse. The researchers discovered modest decreases in cannabis, alcohol, and e-cigarette use following recreational cannabis legislation.
A researcher will study how plants defend themselves against nematode infections, which could lead to novel drugs or antibiotics for humans and livestock. The project aims to increase food security in Africa and Asia by understanding the molecular mechanisms behind plant resistance.
A new report reveals UK hospitals and universities received €37 million in 'education' payments from medical device firms, raising concerns about a worrying conflict of interest. The largest payments went to Johnson & Johnson Medical, Abbott Laboratories, and Boston Scientific.
New satellite data shows that 45% of urban areas in China are sinking, with 16% experiencing rapid subsidence. The affected cities could experience catastrophic flooding if left unchecked, with Shanghai's urban area potentially tripling in size by 2120.
Researchers at KIST have developed a recycling technology that can recycle more than 99% of CFRP materials within tens of minutes. The technology uses supercritical water to selectively remove epoxy impregnated in the CFRP, resulting in high-purity recycled carbon fiber.