The report highlights key applications and pathways to commercialization for emerging PV technologies, including new materials and device concepts. It also discusses strategies to exceed current limits in solar PV energy conversion and challenges facing efforts to scale up globally.
The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology is offering complimentary press passes for its annual meeting, Discover BMB, taking place in San Antonio from March 23-26. Qualifying journalists can register to attend the event or access press materials electronically.
A predominantly plant-based diet is associated with a 39% lower risk of COVID-19 infection. Participants who followed such diets had higher intakes of vegetables, legumes, and nuts, and lower intakes of dairy products and meat, which may help boost the immune system.
A recent study has found a significant association between long-term exposure to UK air pollution and an increase in sedentary time. The research, published in the Journal of Public Health, suggests that high levels of air pollution may contribute to poorer health outcomes by encouraging sitting time indoors and discouraging active tim...
Researchers investigated role of estrogen receptors in lateral septum regulating social anxiety in male mice, finding that ERβ plays a crucial role in neural circuitry. Knockdown effects on ERβ gene expression showed increased social anxiety, highlighting its importance in social situations.
Gurdip Singh's project aims to develop a unified model to study cyber-physical systems and design distributed algorithms for fundamental problems in pervasive systems. The proposed model will be integrated into existing simulation tools to evaluate scenarios involving different types of physical entities and phenomena.
This article introduces a landscape-based approach to urban heritage management, incorporating people, spatial biography, and ecosystem elements. The proposed method aims to develop sustainable human habitats through the protection of place identity and public participation.
A recent study published by the Mayo Clinic found that an AI-enabled digital stethoscope can detect peripartum cardiomyopathy, a potentially life-threatening condition, more accurately than regular care. The researchers identified twice as many cases using the AI-powered tool.
A new study suggests that kids who participate in school-based gardening and food programs show lasting healthy food attitudes and behaviors. Current and former program participants reported improved dietary habits and increased confidence in making informed food choices.
Researchers at the University of Chicago Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering have made a breakthrough in understanding the
Researchers at UMass Amherst have discovered that tumor cells outwit the body's immune system by incorporating cytoplasmic material into their own T cells. This 'mosquito effect' helps cancerous tumors evade the immune system, making it a promising area of study for developing more effective treatments.
New research shows that migrants can be a transformative force for sustainability, bringing energy and ideas to new locations. However, poorly managed migration deepens inequality and increases environmental harm. The studies emphasize the need for comprehensive policies that manage migration in the interests of people and the planet.
A recent study published in Aging Cell found a balance between naïve and memory immune cells accelerates or slows down biological aging. The team discovered using novel tools for immune profiling, which opened new doors to understanding the relationships between the immune system and biological age.
A study found that patients with breast cancer are more likely to choose distant hospitals for surgery based on factors such as age, ethnicity, and living location. The investigation highlights the potential for healthcare inequalities to worsen if policies do not address these disparities.
Researchers explore potential routes for sustainable nitrate supply, species balance, and catalyst stability in electrochemical nitrate reduction for ammonia synthesis. Innovative strategies are proposed to address mass transfer limitations and ensure long-term stability.
Researchers analyzed cells within triple-negative breast cancer tumors before and after radiation therapy with immunotherapy, identifying three patient groups with distinct responses. The study found that combining radiation therapy and immunotherapy may improve tumor-fighting immune response prior to surgery for some patients.
A Lancaster University-led study found improvements in mental health and reductions in burglaries among residents involved in the Big Local community empowerment initiative. However, benefits were unequally distributed, with men and those with higher education reporting better outcomes.
The Dark Energy Survey has released unprecedented results on the mysteries of dark energy and the expansion of the universe. The study placed the strongest constraints on the expansion rate of the universe ever obtained, consistent with the standard cosmological model but not definitive enough to rule out a more complex model.
Researchers develop a delivery system for prime editing, enabling the correction of disease-causing genetic mutations in animal models. By adapting virus-like particles to carry the machinery for prime editing, scientists have achieved partial restoration of vision in mice with two genetic disorders.
Researchers found that captive-bred Egyptian vultures improved their flight skills faster than those raised in the wild. The study suggests that early life experiences have a lasting impact on animals' ability to cope with challenging periods like migration.
Narayanan is working on treatments for alphaviruses at George Mason University. Researchers are exploring new approaches to combat these viruses, which have significant public health implications.
New research found significant differences in heat tolerance among mosquito populations, with some more resilient to heat waves than others. Climate factors such as precipitation and humidity play a crucial role in determining their thermal limits, which may impact disease transmission.
Researchers developed a new mathematical framework to analyze genetic interactions and identified key regulators in entire biological networks. The approach, which combines geometry and statistics, reveals how individual genes and species influence network dynamics.
Bacteria use a molecular freight elevator to transport essential substances through their cell membrane. The transporter and its soluble substrate binding protein adapt precisely to each other during the transportation process.
Researchers at McMaster University have discovered a molecular barcode system used by disease-causing bacteria to distinguish between beneficial and toxic molecules. This discovery sheds light on the mechanisms underlying bacterial pathogenicity, allowing for potential biotechnology applications to combat infectious diseases like tuber...
A team of scientists used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to measure brain activity in two key visual regions, the lateral occipital complex (LOC) and fusiform face area (FFA). The study found that fNIRS successfully measured LOC activity but had limitations in detecting FFA activity due to its depth. This research has th...
Researchers at IRB Barcelona developed BioExcel-CV19, a repository of Molecular Dynamics simulations to understand SARS-CoV-2 infection. The database provides over 10,000 trajectories for key proteins and facilitates community-wide analysis.
Researchers have developed a novel tool for the selective and efficient recovery of large DNA molecules using TAR cloning. This technique has been applied to isolate individual gene alleles, study genome architecture and evolution, and engineer synthetic viruses with novel properties, including vaccine development.
The American Heart Association has made significant medical advancements over the past 100 years, including the development of artificial heart valves and implantable pacemakers. The organization continues to work towards health equity, with a focus on removing barriers to healthcare for diverse populations.
Researchers at MIT find that slow-flowing liquid crystals can spontaneously assemble into large, twisted, chiral structures, opening a new path to generating chiral materials. These structures could serve as spiral scaffolds for assembling intricate molecular structures and be used as optical sensors.
A new study uses genomic analysis to answer questions about bushpig evolution, migration, and species definition. The results suggest that bushpigs were introduced to Madagascar around 1,000-5,000 years ago from South/South-East Africa, likely by humans.
Researchers discovered a potential pathway of amyloid beta drainage via meningeal lymphatic vessels. Photostimulation was shown to reduce Aβ plaques in the brain and alleviate cognitive decline in mice with 5xFAD genetic mutations.
Research reveals that prolonged exposure to plantations during infancy triples the likelihood of infant mortality. Exposure to pesticides and agricultural chemicals may negatively affect infant development and lead to increased mortality rates.
A real-world study found that COVID-19 vaccines are highly effective in protecting children and adolescents from infection, with 98% reduced risk during the delta variant phase. Vaccine effectiveness slightly declined during the omicron wave, but still provided strong protection against severe illness and cardiac complications.
Research found mobile phone users process information faster but are more likely to fall for misinformation compared to personal computers. PC users, however, are more susceptible to phishing attempts, highlighting the importance of device-specific responses.
Scientists at USDA Forest Service's Rocky Mountain Research Station studied foraging habits of wild bees to understand their nutritional needs. The study found that different bee species have unique nutritional requirements, which are met by foraging on specific plant pollen types.
A UC Irvine-led study finds that increased staffing improves outcomes for all patients, but disparities persist between high- and low-dementia facilities. Specialized training and a secure environment are critical to meeting the unique challenges of dementia care.
The Taiwanese Leaf Litter Beetles Barcoding project has created a comprehensive reference library for these elusive beetles using DNA barcoding. The dataset comprises 4,629 beetles representing 334 species candidates from 36 families, unveiling taxonomic insights and enhancing our understanding of their biology and ecological roles.
A study of over 2 million individuals found a strong association between sibling death in childhood and early adulthood with an increased risk of early-onset cardiovascular diseases. The findings highlight the need for extra support to bereaved siblings to reduce this risk later in life.
A novel cell-penetrating peptide, Tat-SIRT5-CTM, has been shown to reduce brain infarct area and neuronal loss in a mouse model of ischemic stroke. The peptide inhibits microglia-induced neuroinflammation by promoting ANXA1 nuclear translocation.
A Cochrane review found that e-cigarettes lead to better chances of quitting smoking than patches, gums, lozenges, or other traditional NRT. Eight to 10 out of 100 people using nicotine e-cigarettes quit compared to six out of 100 using traditional NRT.
Researchers investigate a molecule in the brain tied to cellular communication, uncovering information about proteins that influence and do not influence alcohol drinking behavior. The study finds that preventing ethanol from interacting with a specific protein does not reduce or increase motivation to consume alcohol.
Researchers found that cognition scores remained stable two years after bariatric surgery, while secondary executive function tests showed improvement. However, one memory assessment declined following surgery. Further studies are needed to confirm the findings and understand how best to treat cognitive decline associated with obesity.
The COSMIC project uses cutting-edge technology to search for extraterrestrial signals, exploring new frequencies and enhancing our understanding of the universe. With its adaptability and future upgrades, COSMIC may cover more stars and unlock new explorations.
The BA.2.86 omicron subvariant can infect human lung cells more efficiently than previous omicron variants, raising concerns about potential severe disease symptoms. While bivalent mRNA vaccines can neutralize BA.2.86, the efficiency is reduced, emphasizing the importance of getting a newer booster vaccine.
Researchers found that about one in a hundred infertile men with normal semen parameters have a loss of CatSper function, leading to failure of fertilization and medically assisted reproduction. The discovery enables evidence-based treatment and diagnosis of this channelopathy.
Researchers developed a deep-learning-based algorithm to identify tissue cellular neighborhoods (TCNs) in breast and colorectal tumors, revealing new fibroblast-enriched and granulocyte-enriched TCNs associated with high-risk disease subtypes. The study aims to better understand cancer evasion mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.
Recent literature review highlights epicardial adipose tissue, chronic inflammation, and autonomic nervous system imbalance as key AF pathogenic factors. Clinical management trends include wearable devices for continuous monitoring and the 4S-AF scheme for comprehensive assessment.
Researchers developed a novel test that detects single ⍺-synuclein fibrils in patient samples to identify patients with Parkinson's disease earlier. This breakthrough has the potential to create early applicable molecular diagnostics, improve clinical trials, and facilitate drug screening for neurodegenerative diseases.
IIASA researchers propose a conceptual framework to address justice in climate science, synthesizing distributional, procedural, corrective, recognitional, and transitional justice. The framework aims to enhance interdisciplinary understanding and promote awareness of justice considerations in climate policy.
New research shows that measuring airborne grass allergen levels is more consistently associated with hay fever symptoms than grass pollen counts. This approach may allow people with serious allergies to be better prepared during peak pollen seasons, reducing the risk of severe asthma attacks.
A new study from the University of Pittsburgh highlights how lack of contraceptive coverage by Medicare prevents disabled enrollees from accessing contraception. Contraceptive use is low among reproductive-aged people with disabilities enrolled in Medicare, with only 14.3% having an insurance claim for contraception in 2019.
Multicommunicating can enhance primary tasks and minimize delays when done correctly. Effective management of communication partners' expectations is key to avoiding distractions.
Researchers have developed twisted ringbots that can roll forward, spin like a record, and follow an orbital path around a central point. These devices can navigate and map unknown environments without human or computer control.
Researchers developed a biodegradable sponge that releases medication slowly into the organism, improving treatment efficacy for vulvovaginal candidiasis. The device is made from soft, biocompatible materials and can be inserted by patients themselves, making treatment more comfortable.
Researchers have discovered that whirligig beetles use a lift-based thrust mechanism to achieve record-breaking speeds, challenging previous explanations of their propulsion system. This finding offers valuable insights for bio-inspired robotic ship design and uncrewed boat development.
Boleslaw Szymanski and his team developed a clustering method called SpeakEasy2: Champagne to group molecular data, which showed consistent performance across diverse applications. The method was tested on bulk gene expression, single-cell data, protein interaction networks, and large-scale human networks data, revealing its effectiven...
Researchers studied cellular functions in medulloblastoma to understand its genetic causes and develop targeted therapies. The study identified essential microproteins that play a crucial role in the survival of cancer cells.
Researchers detected complex structure with three concentric rings in the innermost region of the disk, rich in dust and minerals. The discovery suggests two planets may be forming within the gaps, with masses similar to Jupiter.
A new study found that only about half of residential addiction treatment facilities for adolescents have a bed immediately available, with the average daily cost per day of treatment being $878. The study also revealed that only seven states have a facility that accepts Medicaid, has a bed open the same day, and offers buprenorphine.