A large-scale UK study supports contextual models of mental health emphasizing values-guided behavior and psychosocial resources for older adults. The study suggests that well-being is not solely the absence of ill-being, but rather a complex interplay between meaning-oriented behavior, psychological flexibility, and stress regulation.
A new clinical guideline aims to improve growth, long-term survival, and development of neonates with enterostomy. The PONS-NE guideline recommends early enteral nutrition, specific feeding protocols, and monitoring for fluid imbalance, among other key recommendations.
The study found that DLDG1 regulates NPQ by controlling proton conductivity within the thylakoid membrane through CFo-CF1 ATP synthase activity. The dldg1hope2 double mutant showed faster NPQ induction than the hope2 mutant, indicating a complex relationship between DLDG1 and NPQ regulation.
Biochar X is a pioneering open-access journal focused on advancing the frontiers of biochar science. The journal welcomes high-quality research across various domains, including energy development, health, agriculture, and societal implications.
Researchers have identified a new therapeutic target, ABHD18, which can restore mitochondrial health and improve heart function in preclinical models of Barth syndrome. By blocking this gene, the body can bypass the problem caused by the faulty TAFAZZIN gene, offering a potential path to targeted therapies.
The study used Representational Similarity Analysis (RSA) to investigate the neural representations involved in forming and extinguishing associative memories. Researchers found an increase in theta activity in the amygdala when unpleasant stimuli were presented during extinction learning, suggesting a safety signal.
A UK study found that plant-based dog foods did not meet nutritional guidelines for iodine and B-vitamins, but experts say supplements or formulation changes can address these gaps. The research analyzed 31 dry dog foods, including meat-based and veterinary options, and found none met European Pet Food Industry Federation standards.
Cachexia affects connections between brain and immune system, reducing motivation in cancer patients. Patient-reported symptoms are invaluable data points that may help researchers better understand disease progression.
Marine animals diversified over 500 million years ago, but oxygen levels didn't reach the ocean floor until later. Thallium isotopes show fluctuations in O2 levels at the ocean floor during the Paleozoic era.
A new study found that children's personality traits such as conscientiousness and open-mindedness have a significant impact on their academic performance. The research, conducted across seven countries, showed that these traits can help reduce educational inequality and improve social mobility.
The HALO-South mission aims to investigate the interaction of clouds, aerosols, and radiation over the Southern Ocean. Researchers hope to provide important data for optimizing weather forecasts and climate models in the little-explored southern hemisphere.
Researchers analyzed decades of global weather data to show that African easterly waves strengthen and produce more thunderstorms during La Niña years, impacting local weather patterns and Atlantic hurricane activity.
A single-center observational study found that planned preoperative oral care at least 2 weeks prior to surgery significantly reduced rates of postoperative pneumonia and shortened hospital stays. The results suggest that oral health treatment could be an effective strategy for reducing infection risk in surgical patients.
A study found that intense competition for four years significantly reduced helpfulness and trust among students, affecting their personality development. The researchers suggest changing the rules of competition or creating cooperation instead to potentially counteract these negative consequences.
Researchers created a comprehensive brain-wide activity map of decision-making in mice, revealing that signals are distributed across multiple brain regions. The study challenges traditional hierarchical views and highlights the importance of prior expectations in guiding behavior.
Research with rats found that maternal diet lacking protein during pregnancy and lactation can compromise reproductive health of male offspring. Changes in epididymis structure and function lead to impairments in motility, viability, and sperm concentration.
Researchers have developed a living sensor that attaches to plastic and produces green fluorescence, detecting environmentally relevant levels of microplastics in real-world water samples. The biosensor uses a genetically engineered bacterium to activate when bacterial cells contact plastic, producing measurable fluorescence within hours.
Researchers developed a novel wearable sensor that can detect lactate biomarker in low-perspiration conditions, making it suitable for critically ill patients and athletes. The device, about the size of a standard band-aid, uses a granular hydrogel scaffold to collect sweat and identify lactate, showing accuracy within two hours.
A research team developed an eco-friendly method to transform carbon dioxide into useful high-performance plastics using a simple copper-based catalyst. The process efficiently incorporates CO₂ into polymer materials with diverse functionalities, such as fluorescence, and can be quickly modified to create multifunctional materials.
A University of Oklahoma study found that acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) lowered the likelihood of a transfusion by 27%, reducing blood use and costs. The technique preserved platelet functionality, allowing patients to recover more effectively after surgery.
Bentz will investigate how maternal hormones shape behavior across generations in House sparrows, with implications for understanding animal adaptation. The research aims to identify gene networks that respond to early testosterone exposure and track changes from development through adulthood.
Researchers have developed a method to reconstruct functional diversity of past ecosystems from fossils, enabling conservationists to compare healthy ecosystems with modern counterparts that have been altered by humans. This information can be used to set restoration and protection goals for endangered species.
Researchers investigated why harbor seals get sick from influenza, while gray seals don't. They found no difference in cytokine profiles between infected and non-infected gray seal pups.
Researchers found that increased levels of EPS8 drive pathological protein aggregation and neurodegeneration in worms and human cell models. By reducing EPS8 activity, they prevented toxic protein accumulation and preserved neuronal function.
A new study from Simon Fraser University found that confiscating personal belongings during government-led street sweeps in Vancouver inflicts immediate harm and destabilizes people struggling to meet their basic needs. The study suggests emergency responses like accessible storage services and documentation to reduce immediate harm.
Researchers discovered a brain-liver circuit that connects stress with increased glucose production, potentially linking to type 2 diabetes. Long-term elevations in glucose can cause hyperglycemia and increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
A study by the University of Exeter found that loneliness is associated with increased healthcare costs, mental distress, and poor physical and mental functioning. Younger adults and older adults are particularly affected, with a U-shaped relationship between age and cost of loneliness observed.
The expedition aims to assess the storage potential of rocks and lay the foundation for their geophysical monitoring. Globally, basalt deposits beneath the ocean theoretically have a storage capacity of 40,000 gigatons.
Researchers at SMART Alliance for Research and Technology developed a powerful tool to scan thousands of biological samples and detect transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) modifications, which help control cell growth and response to diseases. The tool opens up new possibilities for disease research, diagnostics, and treatment development.
A new study published in PLOS One found that vegan diets for dogs sold in the UK provide similar nutrition to meat-based diets. The study highlights the importance of a balanced and nutritional diet for canine companions, emphasizing that every dog is unique and dietary needs vary.
A new method for semi-supervised medical image segmentation outperforms traditional approaches by learning unified boundary feature representations across labeled and unlabeled data. The approach achieves competitive performance on benchmark datasets with as little as 10% labeled data.
Scientists have developed a novel label-free approach to measure biomolecular condensate composition, resolving concentrations of five molecules in complex mixtures. This new method, ATRI, uses refractive index and tie-line measurements to determine condensate composition with unprecedented detail.
A research team has discovered that bees' complex eyes contain specialized facets that detect polarized light in the sky, producing a less-detailed but more accurate image. This allows bees to tune out unimportant information and focus on the big picture, using the sun's position as a compass.
A study by University of California San Diego researchers found that delta-8 THC use is most common in states where marijuana is illegal, with 10.9% of adults reporting lifetime use. The study suggests that gaps in cannabis policy may be steering people towards less-regulated substances.
Patients with genetic dilated cardiomyopathy who experience severe arrhythmias are at an elevated risk of developing advanced heart failure and requiring a heart transplant. Genetic mutations in genes associated with severe arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death increase the risk of serious heart failure complications.
At small, non-selective universities in Russia, students receive genuine support and continuous supervision, creating a warm and friendly atmosphere. However, this support often comes with excessive control and restrictions on autonomy, resembling a school-like experience.
Researchers have discovered that soft gels and lotions retain residual stress from the mixing process, affecting their behavior over time. The study reveals that common products like hair gel and shaving cream hold onto these stresses for longer periods than previously assumed.
Researchers have developed a new catalysis method that can generate a diverse array of valuable compounds, including six distinct molecular scaffolds, using reprogrammed biocatalysts and sunlight-harvesting catalysts. The method opens up new possibilities for medicinal chemistry and accelerates combinatorial synthesis of novel molecules.
A new study published in PLOS One found that using a smartphone while on the toilet is associated with a higher risk of hemorrhoids. Smartphone users spent more time on the toilet and had a 46% increased chance of developing hemorrhoids.
Researchers studied childhood social determinants and their impact on young adult cardiovascular health, finding associations with poor diet, sedentary lifestyle, and adverse blood cholesterol levels. The study aims to guide pediatricians and public health policy makers in promoting better lifelong health trajectories.
The latest issues of The American Journal of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Services feature research on psychiatric genetics, telehealth prescribing of controlled substances, and trends in ADHD medication. Highlights include a new APA Practice Guideline for the Prevention and Treatment of Delirium.
The Copeland oil-free centrifugal compressor with Aero-lift bearing technology has been recognized as one of the most significant innovations of 2025 by R&D World Magazine. This frictionless, oil-free compressor delivers improvements in full-load efficiency and is compatible with lower global warming potential refrigerants.
The Golden Goose Award recognizes outstanding federally funded research that has led to significant societal benefits. This year's awardees include researchers who developed the platinum-based chemotherapy drug cisplatin, which transformed testicular cancer treatment and saved countless lives.
The sPHENIX detector precisely measured particles from high-speed collisions, revealing properties of quark-gluon plasma. This achievement enables scientists to reconstruct the early universe's conditions.
Researchers at Institute of Science Tokyo found that basophils suppress lung inflammation during ARDS recovery, suggesting potential treatment strategies. Basophils release interleukin-4, which helps immune cells coordinate responses and alleviate lung inflammation.
A novel wearable sensor can identify and track lactate in low-perspiration conditions, allowing for continuous health monitoring. The device, about the size of a standard band-aid, uses a granular hydrogel scaffold to absorb sweat and transport it to a microfluidic chamber where lactate is detected.
The TARGET statement aims to improve reporting transparency and peer review in observational studies, enabling better interpretation and application of results. By following the guideline recommendations, researchers can provide more reliable information for clinicians and readers.
Researchers discovered that a small tissue fold, cephalic furrow, plays a crucial role in stabilizing embryonic tissues during fruit fly development. The formation of the furrow absorbs compressive stresses and prevents mechanical instabilities.
A new tool has been developed to accurately diagnose dyslexia in adults, using parallel texts that differ in content but are equally complex. The test can be used before and after interventions, allowing for informed conclusions about their effectiveness.
Researchers found a unique microbial signature in colorectal cancer samples that can accurately distinguish them from other types of cancer. This discovery has the potential to improve diagnosis and treatment outcomes for patients with colorectal cancer.
Researchers at Penn State College of Medicine discovered a new function of antibody-making B cells in response to flu infection. These cells produce a key signaling molecule called interleukin-1 beta, which is necessary for developing a robust immune response and forming optimal germinal centers.
The World Conference of Science Journalists 2025 will explore the intersection of science journalism and social justice, featuring sessions on ocean science reporting, environmental injustice, AI's impact on journalism, and more. The event aims to promote scientific accuracy and amplify marginalized voices.
A Boston University researcher proposes re-evaluating medical parole policies to focus on compassionate release and expedited decision-making by an external medical review board. Studies show that only 11% of applications are granted, resulting in thousands dying in prison each year, disproportionately affecting Black people.
A recent study published in Journal of Adolescent Health found that young people from diverse cultures worldwide perceive digital environments as affecting their mental health. They highlight the need for more support and involvement from adults in their digital lives, including reflection on one's own digital habits.
Research finds that bipolar disorder is associated with neurodegenerative protein accumulation and tau pathology in the paraventricular thalamus, potentially contributing to its symptoms. The study also identifies a new marker, CHMP2B-positive granulovacuolar degeneration, in about half of BD cases.
George Mason University researchers Weiwen Jiang and Lei Yang receive $15,000 from the National Science Foundation to host StableQ 2025, a workshop on quantum system stability and reproducibility. The event aims to address unstable noise and enable reproducible quantum computing through expert exchanges and cross-disciplinary research.
The Wits MIND Institute has received a $1 million boost from Google.org, enabling it to drive next-generation breakthroughs in natural and artificial intelligence. The partnership aims to advance the scientific understanding of both natural and artificial intelligence, foster breakthrough research and technological innovation.
A study led by Yibin Kang and Yujiao Han reveals that cancer cells hijack a specialized cell to recycle iron, depriving red blood cells of necessary iron and causing anemia. The discovery aims to slow down bone metastasis and alleviate complications.
A new study reveals a hidden extinction crisis in China's native flora, showing that habitat decline over the past four decades has sharply increased extinction risks nationwide. The findings suggest that current conservation efforts are failing to keep pace with biodiversity threats.
A USF-led Nature study identifies how a genetic variant disrupts microglia function, increasing Alzheimer's disease risk. The PICALM gene defect impairs waste-processing organelles in microglia, causing harmful lipid droplets to accumulate and weaken their ability to clear debris.