The study of energetic particles at the edge of our solar system suggests that the galactic magnetic field wraps around our heliosphere, influencing the orientation of energetic particles. The research combines data from IBEX and ultra-high-energy cosmic ray physics to provide a more complete picture of the interactions between the two.
A Tel Aviv University study suggests that cosmic heating occurred later than previously believed, allowing astronomers to detect the earliest black holes by searching for radio waves in space. This finding has significant implications for our understanding of the universe's origins and the history of cosmic expansion.
Researchers detected a distant quasar illuminating a vast nebula of diffuse gas, extending about 2 million light-years across intergalactic space. The study provides the first image of extended gas between galaxies, offering insight into the overall structure of the universe.
The European Society of Cardiology recommends reducing patient radiation exposure in cardiology procedures, which amount to over 50 chest X-rays per person each year. This can be achieved by implementing measures such as auditing and optimizing doses, educating patients, and encouraging industry competition.
A new study from North Carolina State University has raised doubts about the effectiveness of using skull shape for positive identifications. Researchers found that only 47% of participants accurately matched antemortem and postmortem X-rays, highlighting the limitations of relying solely on cranial vault outlines.
A new study reveals that even low levels of daily UVA1 exposure can cause skin damage and premature aging. Researchers found that just two daily exposures can start the skin-aging process, highlighting the need for better sunscreens to protect against these damaging rays.
A team of astronomers has made a surprising finding about smaller black holes, discovering they can eat matter in an orderly fashion. The black hole in question is surprisingly lightweight and swallows its material at close to its theoretical limits, producing high-energy X-rays.
A team at the University of Geneva has generated a transgenic plant that constantly detects and responds to UV-B rays, producing high levels of antioxidants and flavonoids. This plant is equipped with an UVR8 mutated receptor, which remains active even without UV exposure.
Researchers at UNL's Extreme Light Laboratory developed a novel method to generate research-quality X-rays using a 'tabletop' laser, increasing accessibility to the technology. The new device produces high-energy X-rays with potential applications in Homeland Security, medical imaging, and scientific research.
Gamma-ray burst GRB 130427A was observed by NASA satellites and ground-based telescopes, revealing a spike in high-energy gamma-rays that defies expectations. The event challenged current theoretical understanding of internal and external shock waves producing these bursts.
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory has detected 28 high-energy particle events from cosmic accelerators, providing the first solid evidence for astrophysical neutrinos. The signals are more than one million times more energetic than those observed in 1987 and originate from outside our solar system.
Los Alamos scientists observed an extraordinary cosmic event, a black hole birth, with advanced telescopes that yielded detailed data on the event's energy levels and 'afterglow.' The rare occurrence tested long-held assumptions about the universe, revealing higher-than-theoretically-possible energy levels for gamma rays.
Scientists have observed 28 extremely high-energy events that confirm the presence of astrophysical neutrinos from outside our solar system. These findings suggest the existence of cosmic accelerators accelerating particles to energies above 50 trillion electron volts, exceeding the LHC's proton acceleration capabilities.
The IceCube collaboration has detected 28 high-energy particle events, providing solid evidence for astrophysical neutrinos from cosmic sources. By studying these neutrinos, scientists can learn about distant astrophysical phenomena and potentially identify their sources.
A NASA-led mission called Firefly aims to study lightning and terrestrial gamma ray flashes from space. The instrument will gather data for up to a year, shedding light on the global electric circuit's most critical component.
A new study by Professor Terry Sloan and Professor Sir Arnold Wolfendale found that changes in solar activity had a negligible impact on global temperatures. The researchers compared data on cosmic rays entering the atmosphere with global temperature records, concluding that less than 14% of the twentieth century's warming was attribut...
A new study by Dartmouth researchers eliminates a controversial theory that the universe's accelerating expansion is an illusion. They used Big Bang afterglow to show that Earth has no special place in the expanding universe, eliminating the possibility of a cosmic center.
Researchers found iron concentration is uniform across Perseus Galaxy Cluster, indicating widespread dispersal of heavy elements in the early universe. The team attributes this to supernova explosions and active black holes, suggesting a period of intense cosmic activity.
Researchers found that bedside ultrasound reduced x-ray usage by 5 times and CT scans by 3.5 times, without affecting mortality rates or health outcomes. This cost-effective alternative is a significant improvement over traditional imaging methods.
The Journal of High Energy Astrophysics aims to publish impactful and rigorous papers on high energy phenomena, including black holes, neutron stars, and supernovae. The journal offers free online access for all articles published in the first year.
A team of astronomers has identified a pulsar that switches between emitting X-rays and radio waves, offering the first direct evidence of one kind of pulsar transforming into another. This phenomenon was observed in a small cluster of stars 18,000 light-years away in the constellation Sagittarius.
Researchers from the University of Washington have discovered differences in dried filters from filter-feeding rays that allow them to be identified as either giant mantas or devil rays. The study provides valuable insights into the conservation of these gentle-natured rays, which are often hunted for their supposed health benefits. Th...
Researchers have explored using terahertz radiation to detect early signs of melanoma, which starts in pigment-producing cells beneath the skin. T-rays can penetrate a few millimeters through cloth and skin, allowing for biochemical signatures of cancer to be detected, potentially leading to earlier diagnosis and treatment.
A Danish experiment, SKY2, shows that cosmic rays enhance cloud condensation nuclei formation, contradicting conventional chemical theory. The study suggests a new chemistry process supplying extra molecules to keep clusters growing, boosting the theory of cosmic rays' direct involvement in weather and climate.
Researchers have used data from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory to identify new information about the origin of cosmic rays. The study provides new constraints for models explaining the acceleration and propagation of cosmic rays, with potential implications for understanding their impact on human DNA and electronics in space.
Physicists have successfully simulated the evolution of the early universe using ultracold cesium atoms. The experiment replicated patterns resembling the cosmic microwave background radiation, shedding light on the universe's origins. By studying these patterns, researchers can better understand the universe's structure and properties.
Researchers at Helmholtz Association's HZB have identified a new area of application for X-rays in solid state physics, leveraging nonlinear physical effects. They observed the interaction between soft X-rays and solids, enabling enhanced color analysis and structural properties correlation.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed solar cells that can restore their effectiveness after degradation due to ultraviolet rays. The device uses a microfluidic regeneration system, mimicking the branching networks found in nature, to replenish photoactive molecules and maintain performance.
The Firestation experiment will study the link between lightning and terrestrial gamma ray flashes (TGFs), which are brief but intense bursts of gamma rays produced in Earth's atmosphere. The study aims to understand the cause and effect mechanisms behind TGFs and their relationship with lightning.
Scientists from UNH and SwRI report that lightweight materials like plastics provide effective shielding against the radiation hazards faced by astronauts during extended space travel. This finding could help reduce health risks to humans on future missions into deep space.
The KASCADE-Grande experiment detected a bend in the energy spectrum of high-energy cosmic rays at different energies for light and heavy particles. The study reveals a flattening of the spectrum beyond the knee, indicating extragalactic acceleration, with the ankle structure appearing first in light primary particles.
Researchers detected a magnetar suddenly rotate slower, dubbed an 'anti-glitch', revealing puzzling behavior in the internal structure of neutron stars. This finding may lead to renewed progress in understanding these exotic objects.
Researchers used blazar observations to estimate the extragalactic background light (EBL) by measuring the attenuation of high-energy gamma rays. By applying this methodology to blazars at different distances, they were able to study EBL evolution and characterize its build-up over cosmic time.
Researchers found that exposure to sunlight lowers blood pressure and improves overall health by reducing the risk of heart attack and stroke. The study's results suggest that the benefits of sunlight outweigh the risks of skin cancer.
Berkeley Lab researchers have developed a new set of metrics for analyzing data acquired via small angle scattering (SAS) experiments with X-rays or neutrons. The new metrics reduce the time required to collect data by up to 20 times, enabling accurate high-throughput and objective analyses of flexible molecular machines that control c...
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine found that UVA induces progerin protein, accelerating skin aging, linked to genetic and environmental factors. Long-term exposure to UVA rays, particularly from tanning beds, accelerates photoaging by causing alternative splicing of the LaminA gene pre-mRNA.
The most distant known source of very high-energy gamma rays, PKS 1424+240, deviates from expected emission spectrum despite being detected at a great distance of over 7.4 billion light-years. The findings may indicate new insights into blazar emission mechanisms or the extragalactic background light.
A new tool allows surgeons to track surgical devices in real-time while minimizing patient radiation exposure by using a computer program that determines the fewest number of X-rays needed. The algorithm takes into account the type of procedure and required precision, providing precise location data with minimal radiation use.
A team of scientists has identified a new type of gamma-ray burst that lasts for several hours, challenging previous theories. The ultra-long bursts are thought to occur in the violent death throes of a supergiant star, with a massive explosion taking time to propagate through the star.
Scientists at Florida Institute of Technology have developed a physics-based model to calculate radiation doses from intense gamma-ray bursts in thunderstorms. The model suggests that these bursts, known as terrestrial gamma-ray flashes, emit high-energy particles that can pose a radiation hazard to airplane passengers.
Researchers found that cosmic radiation impairs the ability of cells in the intestines of mice to eliminate oncogenic proteins, substantially increasing development of colorectal tumors. The study suggests that space travelers may be at increased risk of developing colorectal cancer due to prolonged exposure to cosmic radiation.
The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) collaboration has released the first published results from its experiment on the International Space Station, measuring the ratio of positrons to electrons in cosmic rays with unprecedented precision. This key finding may eventually provide evidence for the existence of dark matter.
The NOvA neutrino detector has recorded its first three-dimensional images of particles from cosmic rays, a crucial step towards discovering properties of mysterious fundamental particles called neutrinos. The detector will use this data to identify and measure the energy of neutrinos.
Researchers have developed nanoparticles that can be used to create scintillation devices capable of detecting a wide range of X-rays and gamma rays. The nanocomposite detectors showed promising results, but further refinement is needed to optimize their performance.
NASA's Voyager 1 spacecraft has traveled beyond the influence of the Sun and exited the heliosphere, a region dominated by the Sun's wind. Anomalous cosmic rays dropped to less than 1% of previous amounts while galactic cosmic rays spiked to levels not seen since launch.
The NASA grant will support the U.S. institutions in building lasers and monitoring equipment for calibrating the telescope's optics from around the globe. The Extreme Universe Space Observatory aims to discover the sources of ultra high-energy cosmic rays by observing their traces in the atmosphere.
At NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, researchers create ultrathin layers of amorphous ice to replicate extreme chemistry found in space. They find that water helps amino acids last longer when exposed to cosmic radiation, producing new chemical byproducts.
The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope's complex motion is visualized as a Spirograph-like pattern from the pulsar Vela. The pattern captures the spacecraft's 95-minute orbit around Earth and its precession, a slow circuit every 54 days. This data also shows the LAT's nodding pattern to capture the entire sky.
A new study offers conclusive evidence that cosmic ray protons within our galaxy are accelerated in the shock waves produced by supernovae. Researchers detected the spectral cutoff in the gamma ray spectrum due to the decay of neutral pions, connecting gamma rays to accelerated protons.
Scientists have found conclusive proof that supernova remnants accelerate cosmic rays to incredible speeds. The discovery was made using four years of data from NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope and provides a key finding in the search for the sources of high-energy cosmic rays.
A new study confirms that cosmic rays are born in the violent aftermath of supernovas, exploding stars throughout the galaxy. Protons make up 90% of these particles, which are accelerated by shock waves and then decay into gamma-ray photons with distinctive signatures.
A team of astronomers used the VIMOS instrument on the VLT to study a one-thousand-year-old supernova remnant. They found evidence of rapidly moving protons in the gas, which could be the necessary seed particles for cosmic rays to form.
The European Space Agency has selected NASA's Goddard team to join the Euclid mission, a space telescope designed to probe the mysteries of dark energy and dark matter. The project aims to explore the cosmic infrared background and provide insight into stellar and galactic populations in the early universe.
The NASA Super-TIGER balloon has shattered the previous record for longest flight by a balloon of its size, reaching 46 days in flight. The balloon is carrying the Super Trans-Iron Galactic Element Recorder (Super-TIGER) experiment to measure rare heavy elements among high-energy cosmic rays.
A compact source of X-rays and other forms of radiation has been invented by a University of Missouri engineering team, enabling the creation of inexpensive and portable X-ray scanners for medical diagnosis and terrorism prevention. The device could improve healthcare services in remote regions and reduce costs.
A new study shows that exposure to cosmic radiation in space can increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. Researchers found that high-mass particles, like iron, can penetrate spacecraft shielding and cause neurological impairment in animal models.
A team of Caltech astronomers used NASA's Hubble Space Telescope to discover seven primitive and distant galaxies, existing 13 billion years ago. The galaxies formed during the 'cosmic dawn' period, with their numbers steadily increasing over time, supporting the idea that first galaxies didn't form in a sudden burst.
Scientists have used an X-ray laser to measure atomic processes in extreme plasmas, revealing a surprising finding: collisions with electrons are not a factor in reducing X-ray signals. This discovery challenges existing models and paves the way for future research using free-electron lasers.
A record-setting X-ray jet has been detected 12.4 billion light years from Earth, providing a glimpse into the explosive activity associated with supermassive black holes in the early universe. The jet is thought to be boosted by cosmic background radiation and points almost directly toward us.
Researchers from Durham University and industry partners are developing a new method to monitor carbon storage using muons from cosmic rays. The technology has the potential to reduce costs by hundreds of millions of pounds per annum.