Boston College researchers create a yolk-shell nanocrystal structure with a porous 'skin' that can filter molecules based on size or chemical makeup, allowing greater selectivity in chemical reactions. The new catalyst exhibits unprecedented control and precision, paving the way for expanded applications of heterogeneous catalysis.
The American Chemical Society has developed a comprehensive climate science toolkit, providing explanations of key concepts such as the greenhouse effect and climate change education for the public. The toolkit aims to foster a basic understanding of climate science among scientists and others, enabling informed personal decisions.
Scientists have developed a new method to study mechanochemical synthesis, allowing for the observation of complex chemical transformations in real-time. This breakthrough could lead to more environmentally friendly chemical production and optimize processes in various industries.
Researchers at the University of Montreal have identified a chemical chain that causes neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and dementia. Increasing another cell chemical called progranulin has been shown to reduce neuron death by combating mutant huntingtin protein accumulation.
The Association for Molecular Pathology report on next-generation sequencing technology addresses current technical, bioinformatic, and clinical implementation considerations. The report aims to improve patient care by exploring the clinical relevance and impact of NGS technologies.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have found that surgery itself has a profound impact on brain pathology and cognition in mice with human Alzheimer disease genes. Surgery causes a lasting increase in Alzheimer's pathology and significant cognitive impairment, primarily through inflammation.
Cardiac injury leads to rapid morphological changes, including enlargement and fibrous growth tissue formation. Advanced stages of remodeling have begun by day seven following injury. This research provides insights into the coordinated events of cardiac pathology and possible intervention targets.
Researchers have developed autonomous self-assembling electronic microreagents to jointly direct complex chemical reactions and analyses in solutions. The project MICREAgents will create programmable microscale electronic chemistry, containing electronic circuits on 3D microchips called lablets.
Researchers connect 250 years of organic chemical knowledge into a giant computer network, optimizing syntheses of drug molecules and identifying suspicious chemical recipes. The Chematica system learns from experience and can test every possible synthesis, finding truly optimal ways to make desired chemicals.
Researchers found that high baseline levels of neuronal activity in key brain regions may contribute to Alzheimer's development. The study suggests that brain dynamics could play a causal role in the disease.
A CSHL-led team has developed a new method to model human genetic diseases caused by errors in RNA splicing. The approach, called TSUNAMI, uses targeted 'negative ASOs' to cause missplicing and pathogenesis, offering a unique window into disease progression.
Scientists have developed proteins that can destroy chemical warfare agents up to 15,000 times more effectively than their natural counterparts. The new substances have potential uses in protecting soldiers and others from nerve gas attacks.
A new genetic analysis maps the Jewish Diasporas, focusing on North African Jews. The study supports historical records of Middle Eastern Jews settling in North Africa and forming distinct populations.
Researchers developed nano-FTIR, combining s-SNOM and FTIR spectroscopy for nanoscale chemical identification and mapping. The technique offers high sensitivity and resolution, making it a unique tool for polymer chemistry, biomedicine, and pharmaceutical industry.
A study of 400 patients found that 20.3% met the criteria for chemical intolerance, a condition characterized by sensitivity to common substances. Patients with chemical intolerance often experience multi-system symptoms and may need to avoid certain chemicals, foods, or medical prescriptions to manage their condition.
Researchers have found a key molecule, REG3A, highly expressed in skin cells during psoriasis and wound repair, causing abnormal cell proliferation. Blocking REG3A delays wound healing and clears up psoriasis-like pathology in mice, offering potential therapeutic targets.
Researchers found that only 0.1% of potential medicines have been synthesized, leaving billions of possibilities behind. Computer modeling can help identify promising molecules for new pharmaceuticals.
Weill Cornell Medical College researchers discovered that a chromosomal rearrangement in prostate cancer cells creates a new 'fusion' gene, warping DNA structure and triggering abnormal growth. The study suggests a model for how other chromosomal translocations contribute to cancer formation.
The American Chemical Society reports a boom in research on ingredients for 'enhanced cosmetics,' with major companies investing in encapsulation technology to improve appearance. New approaches include microcapsules, water droplets coated in silica, and insulin sugar delivery systems.
A new technique has been reported in the American Journal of Pathology that uses genetic abnormalities to predict prostate cancer relapse. The study found that copy number variations (CNVs) in both cancerous and non-cancerous tissues can accurately forecast recurrence, allowing for more targeted treatment approaches.
Researchers have found that measuring progesterone receptor expression can improve hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer management. The study identifies a subpopulation of patients with high survival rates when treated with endocrine therapy alone, and could lead to a more personalized medicine approach in breast cancer.
Chemical engineers at UMass Amherst have discovered a new method to produce p-xylene with an efficient yield of 75%, using most of the biomass feedstock. The process creates the same chemical used in petroleum-based plastics, but from renewable biomass sources.
A team of researchers from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine has demonstrated that a range of diagnostic spinal fluid tests are needed to differentiate between brain diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. The studies found that biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid, including tau and amy...
Researchers validated protease cathepsin B as a target to improve memory deficits and reduce amyloid plaque pathology in an animal model representative of most AD patients. Deleting the CatB gene improved memory deficits while reducing amyloid plaque, mimicking that found in AD.
A team of UMass Amherst chemical engineers has discovered a 'mini-cellulose' molecule that behaves like cellulose when converted to biofuel. This breakthrough enables the use of computer simulations to study biomass conversion, which could lead to more efficient and cost-effective biofuels.
A study published in American Journal of Pathology reveals that trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) protein, which protects the epithelial surface in normal breast tissue, also promotes tumor invasion and metastasis in breast cancer. Higher TFF3 expression is associated with a more aggressive phenotype.
The American Chemical Society is developing new crime-fighting tools to deter and catch terrorists, utilizing chemical forensics to trace weaponized toxic substances. The research aims to send a message to would-be terrorists that science is prepared to stop them.
The St. Baldrick's Foundation has awarded a grant of $47,000 to the Biopathology Center at Nationwide Children's Hospital to enhance its digital pathology services. This funding will enable researchers to conduct more studies and enroll more children in clinical trials, which are their best hope for a cure.
A new software tool called Spatially Invariant Vector Quantization (SIVQ) has been developed to analyze digital pathology images with high accuracy. The program was tested on a case of micropapillary urothelial carcinoma and showed promise in separating malignancy from background tissue.
The chemical industry is expected to see a boost in sales due to growing demand for chemicals used in agriculture, electronics, cars, and airplanes. However, the industry faces challenges such as expiring patents and slowing growth in Asia, which will impact industries like paint and construction materials.
Chemical engineers at UMass Amherst develop a new catalyst that boosts the yield of five key petrochemicals from biomass by 40%, creating a sustainable and competitive production process. This breakthrough could reduce industry's reliance on fossil fuels, worth an estimated $400 billion annually.
MSU researchers validate conservation of angular momentum in chemical reactions and suggest using it to control reaction pathways. The discovery could impact fields like molecular electronics, biology, and energy science with new types of chemical reactions.
The American Chemical Society revisited key research advances from 2001, including self-healing plastics and carbon-based electronic devices. These discoveries have had lasting impacts on various fields of science.
Researchers developed a method to detect cognitive decline in Parkinson's patients using MRI brain scans, revealing higher Alzheimer's patterns of atrophy predict worsening cognition. The study found an overlap between the two neurodegenerative diseases, raising hopes for early diagnosis and treatment.
The article highlights the importance of pharmacists' knowledge of toxic agents and treatment methods in event of a chemical weapons attack. Pharmacists can provide valuable expertise to healthcare facilities and government agencies, and are also essential in managing biological, radiological, and nuclear threats.
Researchers from Indiana University School of Medicine have made a breakthrough using century-old brain samples to detect mental illness. The goal is to create a simple blood test for conditions like bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and PTSD, which could lead to faster diagnoses and improved patient care.
The American Chemical Society's Employment Outlook feature package explores the jobs situation for chemists, with a focus on the impact of economic weakness on hiring plans. The article also provides guidance for current and future job seekers to fully benefit from recruiters' services.
Researchers found abnormal tau tangles and amyloid-beta plaques in survivors years after a single TBI, suggesting a potential link between the two conditions. The study suggests that a single TBI may initiate long-term neurodegenerative processes, offering new insights into the development of Alzheimer's disease.
A Stanford study has linked gamma-interferon, a key immune molecule, to the severity of asthma. High levels of gamma-interferon in children's blood may protect against asthma development, but severe asthmatics' lungs often have high concentrations.
A new pharmacogenetics test developed by Dr. Tara Sander can help identify the correct genotype and dosage for individuals, reducing adverse drug reactions and increasing effectiveness. The test has a 96% accuracy rate and holds promise for Personalized Medicine and forensic investigation.
Researchers developed a chemical cocktail to convert mouse muscle fibers into cells that form the first stages of regenerating limbs. The methods have implications for regenerative medicine and stem cell biology, potentially speeding wound healing and creating new tissues.
A new study reveals a previously unrecognized link between tobacco smoking and altered DNA methylation of the coagulation factor II receptor-like 3 (F2RL3) gene, possibly identifying an early stage of smoking-associated cardiovascular pathology.
A recent pathology study suggests that mifepristone could be a therapeutic option for women with severe uterine fibroid symptoms. The research confirms that the drug does not trigger cancerous lesions in the uterus, but rather causes benign changes such as fluid-filled glands and abnormal blood vessels.
A University of Michigan-led team has developed a potential game changer for pathologists using Spatially-Invariant Vector Quantization (SIVQ) to analyze digital images made from tissue slides. SIVQ can pinpoint cancer cells, calcifications and other critical features with high accuracy and speed.
Researchers develop molecular imaging procedure to detect beta-amyloid in brains of individuals with Alzheimer's disease, increasing clinical diagnosis accuracy. The study shows a correlation between florbetapir-PET images and presence and quantity of beta-amyloid pathology at autopsy.
The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics is published on behalf of the Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) and the American Society for Investigative Pathology (ASIP). The journal publishes high-quality original papers on scientific advances in molecular diagnostics.
Researchers at UCLA have successfully controlled chemical reactions mechanically, enabling precise manipulation of molecular interactions. By applying mechanical stress to enzymes, they can influence specific steps in the reaction process, paving the way for new applications in medicine and beyond.
Researchers found that NGP 555 selectively targets gamma secretase, reducing Aβ42 and amyloid pathology in a transgenic mouse model. Chronic administration led to significant reduction in diffuse and neuritic plaques without GI side effects.
University of Michigan researchers Kevin Kubarych and Carlos Baiz have achieved the feat of watching the first solvation shell respond to a chemical reaction. They realized that electrons move during chemical reactions, causing vibrational frequencies in surrounding molecules to change.
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis researchers have developed a new methodology to improve identification of breast cancer tissue by pathology laboratories. Their work, recognized internationally, has been selected as the best scientific paper in the
Researchers will focus on exploring chemical processes that enable the spontaneous formation of functional polymers, such as proteins and DNA. The five-year grant will support research in over 15 laboratories at top institutions, aiming to understand the chemistry behind life's origins.
Researchers found that transforming growth factor-β1 contributes to kidney disease by inducing fibrosis and nephron degeneration. Meanwhile, a new diagnostic criteria for T-cell lymphoma was discovered using mast cells and Th17 cells. Additionally, a novel peptide ASARM may implicate in impaired dentin mineralization in rickets.
A study of 872 individuals found that more education reduces dementia risk by improving brain coping mechanisms. Individuals with higher education levels exhibited similar brain pathology but better compensation for dementia effects.
Physicians in Northern Ontario communities can now access specialized UHN pathologists for fast and accurate diagnosis, saving time and improving patient care. The new telepathology system enables instant transmission of digital images of pathology samples, reducing travel times from hours to minutes.
A new study from Queen's University has found that the growth of malignant melanoma can be slowed when MicroRNA 193b is added. Increased levels of miR-193b led to lower levels of cyclin D1 and decreased melanoma cell growth.
Experts in pathology are advocating for a comprehensive training program to integrate genomics and personalized medicine into daily practices. The proposed curriculum would cover laboratory medicine, genetic counseling, and health information technology, enabling pathologists to serve as primary consultants for physicians and patients.
Researchers have made significant discoveries in the fields of atherosclerosis and Alzheimer's disease, revealing new insights into the role of neutrophils and hyperploidy. A study found that neutrophils contribute to atherosclerosis, while another discovered that hyperploid neurons are more prone to cell death in Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers found that a specific virus interacts with a mutation in the host's genes to trigger disease. In mice, exposure to a damaging chemical and infection with a viral strain caused symptoms similar to human Crohn's disease, suggesting viruses may be key to understanding complex diseases.
Mobile cells may be more sensitive to chemical signals than thought, following trails with improved accuracy. Researchers found lower-than-expected noise levels in these cells, enabling them to detect and respond to chemical cues more effectively.
Researchers found that inflammasome activation increases muscle damage in muscular dystrophy, while galectin-7 expression levels are associated with metastasis in breast cancer. These findings provide new insights into disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.