Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that removing the 'signal jammer' protein VDAC2 can improve how tumors respond to immunotherapy. This breakthrough could lead to new ways to enhance immunotherapies and make them more effective in treating resistant cancers.
The StarBurst Multimessenger Pioneer will detect short-duration bursts of gamma-rays from neutron star mergers, providing fundamental insight into these extreme explosions. With an effective area four times greater than the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor, it will increase the detection rate of EM counterparts to NS mergers.
Researchers at Waseda University develop a new imaging technique that uses neutron activation to transform gold nanoparticles into radioisotopes, enabling long-term tracking of their movement in the body. This breakthrough could lead to more effective cancer treatments and precision monitoring of drug distribution.
Studies have consistently shown that 40Hz gamma stimulation can improve cognitive function and reduce Alzheimer's pathology in mice. In human clinical trials, participants exposed to 40Hz light and sound experienced significant slowing of brain atrophy and improvements on some cognitive measures compared to untreated controls.
Filipino researchers have discovered that Taal volcanic ash can be used as a sustainable and lightweight alternative to expensive materials like concrete and lead. The natural presence of iron-rich minerals in the ash gives it strong radiation attenuation properties, making it effective for shielding against harmful X-rays and gamma rays.
A new study reveals that gamma-ray exposure can passivate some defects while activating others, leading to improved recombination dynamics. The concentration of dominant 0.5 eV defects decreases with increasing dose, while the diffusion coefficient increases by orders of magnitude.
Researchers identified a group of unusual objects emitting long-duration outbursts of X-rays, which may be caused by binary star systems with white dwarfs and subgiant stars. The discovery of millinovae could provide insights into the astrophysics of Type Ia supernovae.
A team of scientists captured an astonishing image of a gamma-ray flare emanating from the supermassive black hole at the center of galaxy M87. The flare was tens of millions of times larger than the event horizon and lasted about three days, providing crucial insights into particle acceleration near black holes.
The M87 black hole is observed to have a high-energy gamma-ray flare with an emission region of less than three light-days in size. The rapid variability in gamma rays suggests an extremely small flare region, which has different characteristics depending on the wavelength.
A research group at USTC found that γ rays can facilitate the conversion of aqueous-phase methane to diverse products, including hydrocarbons, oxygenated compounds, and amino acids like glycine. The reaction rate is contingent on free radical concentrations and does not significantly influence temperature.
The H.E.S.S. collaboration has detected the most energetic cosmic-ray electrons and positrons ever observed, with energies up to 40 TeV. This discovery provides new insights into the origin of these particles, suggesting they originate from a few sources in our solar system's vicinity.
A team of researchers successfully demonstrated nonlinear Compton scattering using a multi-petawatt laser, producing ultra-bright gamma rays. The achievement offers new insights into high-energy electron-photon interactions without traditional particle accelerators.
A nearby supernova explosion could produce gamma rays that pinpoint the mass of a key dark matter candidate, the axion. The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope would need to be in position to detect these gamma rays within 10 seconds of the supernova's core collapse.
Researchers have developed a highly sensitive and foldable detector that produces good quality images with smaller dosages of X-rays. The new technology reduces detection limits and paves the way for safer medical imaging and industrial monitoring.
Research finds that gamma radiation can convert methane into glycine and other complex molecules, potentially playing a role in the origin of life. The study also reveals new strategies for industrial conversion of methane under mild conditions.
Researchers developed an efficient analysis method to precisely determine gamma-glutamyl dipeptide concentrations, enabling prediction of full-bodied cheese flavor development. The method uses ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and can analyze 60 cheese samples per day.
Researchers at H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute analyzed gamma-delta T-cell receptor landscape across 11,000 tumors, providing insights into their role in patient outcomes and treatment efficacy. The study's findings suggest that diversity and clonality of gamma-delta T cells can significantly impact patient survival.
Researchers used a retrofitted U2 spy plane to detect gamma radiation in large tropical thunderstorms. Over 9 of 10 flights yielded observations, suggesting more than half of all thunderstorms in the tropics are radioactive.
Researchers have discovered Flickering Gamma-Ray Flashes (FGFs), a phenomenon that could be the missing link between Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes and gamma-ray glows. Studies reveal dynamic gamma-ray emissions in tropical thunderclouds, challenging previous assumptions about these events.
Researchers using NASA airborne platforms have found a new kind of gamma-ray emission, dubbed flickering gamma-ray flashes, that fills in the missing link between steady glows and brief bursts. These discoveries provide new insights into thundercloud radiation and mechanisms that produce lightning.
Astronomers have recorded hundreds of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in a massive global effort that rivals the 250-year-old Messier catalogue. The collection includes 64,813 photometric observations and showcases collaborative research across nations.
The LHAASO experiment reveals a 'bending' structure in the gamma-ray spectrum at tens of TeV, indicating the acceleration limit of cosmic rays in the W51 complex. The energy spectrum shows evidence of particle acceleration approaching PeV energies.
A commercial AI tool was effective in excluding pathology and had lower rates of critical misses on chest X-rays compared to radiologists. The study found that the AI tool could autonomously report more than half of all normal chest X-rays without decreasing standard of care.
A team of researchers has discovered a gamma-ray line with an energy of up to 37 million electron volts, making it the highest-energy spectral line observed in the universe. The study used data from two space gamma-ray monitors and found that the line energy and flux evolve as a power law function of time.
The NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center's Fermi telescope has discovered a unique emission line in the spectrum of the brightest gamma-ray burst ever recorded. This phenomenon was detected using data from the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope and provides new insights into the physics of gamma-ray bursts.
Scientists identify PI3K gamma as a key player in recruiting damaging myeloid cells to infected tissues, and show that inhibiting this enzyme with eganelisib can prevent excessive inflammation. The study provides a new approach to preventing irreversible organ damage in infectious diseases like COVID-19.
Researchers have identified a new tuberculosis vaccine candidate recombinant protein MDP1 with additional post-translational modifications occurring in Mycobacterium tuberculosis cells. When expressed in M. smegmatis, MDP1 triggered notably higher levels of IFN-gamma production compared to E. coli-expressed variant.
Two studies by Prof. Lucía Chávez Gutiérrez's team reveal the role of gamma-secretase inhibition and amyloid plaque composition in AD. Aβ42 fragments impede gamma-secretase function, while multimodal mass spectrometry imaging reveals diverse plaque compositions.
Researchers found that a drug approved to treat autoimmune diseases and cancers alleviated symptoms of APS-1, a rare genetic syndrome caused by elevated interferon-gamma. Ruxolitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor, normalized IFN-gamma responses and reduced AP-1-related symptoms in study participants.
Researchers created a novel composite material by adding Sm2O3 micron plates to boron-containing polyethylene, improving thermal stability, mechanical strength, and radiation shielding properties. The material showed excellent performance in blocking neutron and gamma radiation, with up to 98.7% blockage at 15 cm thickness.
Researchers developed a new technique to view living mammalian cells using ultrafast pulses of illumination from a soft X-ray free electron laser. The microscope captured images of carbon-based structures in living cells with high spatial resolution and a wide field of view, revealing new insights into cellular biology.
Researchers have successfully developed a broadly useful method for constructing gamma chiral centers on simple carboxylic acids using C-H activation. The new approach enables easy access to privileged structures for pharma industry drug discovery programs, potentially speeding up the development of new medicines.
An international team of researchers, including those from the University of Geneva, detected a giant magnetar eruption coming from a neutron star with an exceptionally strong magnetic field. The discovery was made using ESA's satellite INTEGRAL and confirms that magnetars are young neutron stars.
The brightest gamma-ray burst (GRB) ever recorded was caused by the collapse of a massive star, according to Northwestern University researchers. Despite extensive searches, no evidence of heavy elements like platinum and gold was found.
A new study has discovered a previously hidden diversity of rays that lived 150 million years ago. The research, led by Julia Türtscher from the University of Vienna, reveals five species of holomorphic rays in the Late Jurassic period, including a new species named Aellopobatis bavarica.
A new eight-year study found that about 60 species of deepwater sharks and rays are threatened with an elevated risk of extinction due to overfishing. The analysis highlights the need for regulating international trade in shark liver oil and protecting 30% of the world's oceans by 2030.
Researchers have detected tellurium in a kilonova afterglow, indicating that neutron star mergers can create rare heavy elements. This discovery sheds light on the formation of elements heavier than iron and provides new insights into the universe's chemical composition.
Researchers from Florida Atlantic University conducted a multi-year study to quantify the spatial and temporal abundance of these endangered species. The results showed that both species were abundant along the coast, with no clear seasonal differences or correlations with environmental factors.
Researchers at MIT's Picower Institute found that stimulating a key brain rhythm with light and sound increases peptide release from interneurons, driving clearance of Alzheimer's protein. The study suggests that 40Hz sensory stimulation promotes increased amyloid clearance via the glymphatic system.
Scientists have discovered a giant ultra-high-energy gamma-ray bubble structure in the Cygnus star-forming region, indicating the presence of a super cosmic ray accelerator. The discovery is the first to reveal the origin of cosmic rays with energy higher than 10 Peta-Electronvolt.
Researchers led by Bruno Arsioli have observed a non-uniform distribution of high-energy photons in the Sun's gamma-ray emissions, with polar regions emitting more radiation than expected. This finding suggests a possible link between cosmic rays and the solar magnetic field, which could inform space weather forecasts.
Researchers using the H.E.S.S. array observed gamma rays from microquasar SS 433, revealing a shock front that accelerates electrons to high energies. The findings provide insight into how jets reach such high energies and shed light on cosmic ray production.
The H.E.S.S. Observatory detected gamma-ray emission from the outer jets of SS 433, revealing a shift in energy-dependent morphology. This suggests strong shock acceleration, where high-energy particles collide with photons, producing x-ray radiation and explaining the X-ray reappearance of the jets.
Researchers developed a new energy-efficient way to generate highly focused and finely controlled X-rays. The novel method uses electron waveshaping to produce X-rays with increased intensity and tunability.
Astronomers have found an unexpected gamma-ray signal outside of our galaxy, with a magnitude 10 times greater than expected from Earth's motion. The discovery is linked to the highest-energy cosmic rays and may be related to unidentified sources producing both gamma-rays and ultrahigh-energy particles.
Researchers at Göttingen and Warwick Universities studied the structure and mechanics of cytoskeletal networks composed of actin isoforms. The study found that gamma actin forms rigid networks near the cell apex, while beta actin preferentially forms parallel bundles with distinct organizational patterns.
Kobe University researchers have developed a pancake stack of films on a balloon that takes the world's most accurate picture of a neutron star's gamma ray beam. The setup uses a novel, automated data capture and analysis process to track the trajectory of particles produced by gamma rays, achieving an accuracy of 1/10,000 millimeters.
Recent studies suggest that gamma brain wave stimulation can yield beneficial effects on brain function, disease pathology, and cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Various cells beyond neurons are involved in mediating these effects.
A growing number of studies have found that non-invasive sensory, electrical, or magnetic stimulation of gamma brain rhythms can reduce Alzheimer's pathology and its consequences. These studies have shown increases in gamma power, brain network connectivity, and improvements in memory, cognition, and sleep.
A new unified model confirms that some long-lasting gamma-ray bursts are created in the aftermath of cosmic mergers that spawn an infant black hole surrounded by a giant disk of natal material. The findings explain recently observed long GRBs that astronomers couldn't link to collapsing stars.
The U.S. Naval Research Laboratory has discovered nearly 300 gamma-ray pulsars, transforming the field of pulsar research with more than 15 years of data from Fermi. These cosmic clocks have been used in experiments to search for gravitational waves and study their origins.
The new catalog of gamma-ray pulsars, compiled from the work of 170 scientists globally, reveals a significant increase in gamma-ray emitting pulsars discovered by NASA's Fermi mission. This discovery sheds light on astrophysics research and offers insights into cosmic rays, stellar evolution, gravitational waves, and dark matter.
A study analyzed 145 blazars to understand the contribution of gamma-ray flares to neutrino emission. Researchers found that blazars with lower flare duty cycles and energy fractions are more numerous, indicating a correlation between their flare activity and neutrino production.
Researchers observed a gamma-ray burst from a kilonova, the collision of two compact neutron stars, using the James Webb Space Telescope. The data revealed the creation of the element tellurium, which had not been recognized before, and provided new insights into the formation of heavy elements in the universe.
The James Webb Space Telescope has made its first detection of a heavy element, tellurium, in a star merger. This breakthrough allows scientists to better understand the process by which rare elements are created, and may shed light on other elements near tellurium that could be present.
Researchers detected tellurium and other essential elements needed for life in the aftermath of a gamma-ray burst, revealing insights into heavy element formation. The study provides valuable information about kilonovae and neutron star mergers, paving the way for a deeper understanding of the universe.
A recent study by the University of Exeter and Wildlife Conservation Society found tens of thousands of endangered sharks and rays are caught annually off the Republic of the Congo. Most of these species are juveniles and vulnerable to extinction.
Researchers discovered a new role for extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in a pathway activated by interferon-gamma that leads to cancer cell death. Hyperactivation of ERK causes stress in cells, triggering cell death through specific proteins DR5 and NOXA.
Researchers have discovered that gamma delta T cells are crucial to preventing bowel cancer. The study found that patients with higher concentrations of these immune cells had better outcomes and improved survival rates.
Researchers using H.E.S.S. observatory in Namibia have detected the highest energy gamma rays ever from a dead star called a pulsar, with energies reaching up to 20 tera-electronvolts. This observation challenges our previous knowledge of pulsars and requires a rethinking of how these natural accelerators work.