Brazilian researcher Juliano Cesar Silva Neves challenges the standard cosmological model by proposing the elimination of the spacetime singularity and the possibility of a prior contraction phase. The current expansion may be preceded by contraction, with potential vestiges still present in the universe.
Researchers developed a tool to help users cloak their identity and avoid certain types of inferences drawn about them based on their social media behavior. The 'cloaking device' can significantly reduce the predictive value of online information used for targeting.
A critical review of existing literature reveals that social media big data can be used to monitor and intervene on behalf of people with drug addiction and abuse problems. Researchers have developed an evidence-based framework to inform future social media-based substance use prevention and recovery programs.
The Data Science Institute developed a novel statistical method to measure predictivity in big data analysis. The approach allows researchers to compare their predictions to a theoretical baseline, enhancing accuracy. The team will help the New York City Department of Transportation assess complex social problems using big data sets.
Astronomers have detected the second most distant star-forming galaxy in the universe, born 12.8 billion years ago, using the Large Millimeter Telescope (LMT). The galaxy is one of the first massive galaxies to form and was observed with high precision using millimeter waves.
A new cosmic picture of the universe's history shows a close agreement with previous findings, leaving little room for new physics that could reveal dark matter and dark energy. The results support the standard model of Big Bang cosmology, but scientists remain hopeful that new observations will offer clues about what lies beyond.
Pyroptosis, an explosive form of cell death, contributes to the high mortality rate of bloodstream infections by triggering excessive tissue injury. Caspase-11 is identified as a key enzyme in this process, making it a promising target for development of new treatments.
Researchers used super-computer simulations to recreate the formation of a massive black hole from supersonic gas streams left over from the Big Bang. The study suggests these black holes could be the source of the largest and oldest super-massive black holes in the Universe, posing a challenge to existing theories.
Scientists at UC San Diego uncover a previously unknown link between non-coding DNA regions and the formation of immune cells. The discovery reveals a precise mechanism for the pairing of promoter and enhancer elements, which brings them into close proximity to initiate immune cell development.
Researchers found that big data analytics can amplify existing policing practices, leading to more marginalization and distrust. The influx of personal data enables law enforcement to surveil communities more easily, but also raises concerns about the use of objective crime data and predictive algorithms.
Claudia Ratti receives $475,000 NSF CAREER award to study quark-gluon plasma state and promote STEM education.
Researchers suggest primordial black holes formed shortly after the Big Bang might explain the origin of heavy elements like gold, platinum and uranium. They propose a theory where these black holes collide with neutron stars to produce heavier elements.
Astronomers have measured large, well-ordered magnetic fields in a galaxy 4.6 billion light-years away, providing clues about how magnetic fields formed and evolved over cosmic time. The new observations offer insights into the structure of galactic-sized magnetic fields since the beginning of the universe.
A team of researchers at the University of Iowa suggests that black holes played a crucial role in making the universe visible. By ejecting matter violently, black holes may have pierced cloudy surroundings, enabling light from stars to escape. This theory is supported by observations of a nearby galaxy emitting ultraviolet light.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University found that people's beliefs about scientifically-associated topics become increasingly polarized with education. Education was correlated with both political and religious identity for some issues, while others showed a correlation only with political identity.
PIPER aims to detect primordial gravitational waves and study their effects on the cosmic microwave background, providing insight into the early universe's expansion. The mission will fly immersed in liquid helium at nearly absolute zero temperature.
Swansea University scientists have made a groundbreaking observation of spectral line shapes in antihydrogen, a key step towards understanding the origin of matter. The team has also precise determined the antihydrogen hyperfine splitting and measured its first transition line shape.
Astronomers detected a rare superluminous supernova, one of the brightest ever seen, in a distant galaxy 10 billion light years away. The explosion occurred during the cosmic high noon period, when star formation peaked 3.5 billion years after the Big Bang.
A new special issue of Big Data highlights the risks associated with big data, including discrimination, lack of diversity, and bias. The issue discusses strategies for making decision-making 'discrimination-aware' and emphasizes the importance of considering ethical issues in model development.
A team of scientists has detected a rotating stellar disk in the ancient elliptical-shaped galaxy MACS2129-1, located 10 billion light-years from Earth. This finding contradicts prevailing astrophysical theory regarding the formation of such galaxies shortly after the Big Bang. The stars in MACS2129-1 rotate at a speed of over 500 km p...
Astronomers find compact yet massive, fast-spinning, disk-shaped galaxy that stopped forming stars only a few billion years after the big bang. The discovery challenges current understanding of how massive galaxies form and evolve.
Research found that cultural upbringing affects choice of prestige versus performance; Chinese preferred top-ranked college despite below-average grades, while European Americans prioritized above-average grades at a lower-ranked school. Cultural factors play a significant role in decision-making.
A Dartmouth study reveals that Big Food companies have little control over the farmers who supply their raw materials, despite ambitious goals to reduce emissions and environmental degradation. The companies' reliance on commodity trading companies for staple ingredients further limits their knowledge and influence.
Physicists from Cracow and Zurich searched for traces of light inflatons in meson decay, but found none. The absence of a new particle challenges cosmological models relying on general relativity.
Researchers found turbulence caused by colliding galaxy clusters creates hot gas between them, about three times hotter than the sun's core. The team used NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory and radio astronomy facility to study the phenomenon.
A new study uses a hydrodynamic model to predict specific patterns in hadrons' angular distribution, shedding light on the structure and dynamics of quark-gluon plasmas. The results suggest that the plasma is not a gas but a liquid with extremely low viscosity.
Researchers at Tsinghua University outline recent advances on nonparametric Bayesian methods, regularized Bayesian inference, scalable algorithms, and system implementation to tackle the challenges of Big Data. They also discuss connections with deep learning and highlight the need for human expertise in devising appropriate features a...
Scientists have developed a new method to measure the neutron lifetime, using a magnetic-gravitational trap that provides more precise measurements. The new device uses ultracold neutrons and avoids uneven filling of the trap, resulting in a more accurate measurement of the neutron lifetime.
A team of astronomers discovered a new kind of galaxy that formed less than a billion years after the Big Bang, creating stars more than 100 times faster than our Milky Way. This find solves a long-standing puzzle of how massive galaxies came to have hundreds of billions of stars when they formed so quickly.
A new study reveals that African lions and other big cat species are facing a high risk of extinction due to declining prey populations. The research suggests that the loss of prey species during the last Ice Age is continuing today, with only 25% of preferred prey remaining for African lions.
Researchers warn that African lions and Sunda clouded leopards are at risk of extinction due to a decline in prey species. If primary big cat prey continues to decline, it poses a serious risk to these species, highlighting the need for urgent government protection.
A team of astronomers has made the first measurements of small-scale ripples in primeval hydrogen gas, using rare double quasars. The results provide important clues about the temperature of gas in the cosmic web just a few billion years after the Big Bang.
Researchers developed nondestructive nanowire technology to record electrical activity of neurons with high sensitivity and resolution. The technology enables simultaneous measurement of multiple neurons and can isolate individual signals, paving the way for accelerated drug development and better understanding of brain function.
Astronomers have discovered a distant galaxy, MACS1423-z7p64, which is about 13.1 billion years old and falls within the 'Epoch of Reionization.' The team used a giant lens in the sky to magnify its brightness and analyze its spectrum.
Industry experts examine the advantages of shifting data analytics to the cloud, including cost savings and improved management of analytics workloads. The panel discussion highlights the potential for companies to gain by moving their data analytics activities to the cloud, including more efficient use of IT resources.
Researchers found that a nearby galaxy's radiation could trigger the collapse of a host galaxy, allowing a massive black hole to form and grow rapidly. The study provides new insights into the formation of supermassive black holes in the infant universe.
Coral ecosystems in West Maui's northern reefs have declined by 20% due to sediment runoff, compromising corals' ability to photosynthesize. Researchers found that cooperation among landowners results in more cost-efficient and ecologically effective outcomes than individual actions.
Scientists have observed a tiny difference in the decay patterns of beauty baryons, suggesting that antibaryons may not be identical to their matter counterparts. This finding is significant because it could provide insight into why matter survived the Big Bang while antimatter did not.
Researchers developed an adaptive control approach based on online learning to correct dynamics errors in real-time, improving robustness of motion systems. The DOOMED algorithm updates a correction model until correct acceleration is achieved, minimizing error between desired and actual accelerations.
Scientists at Michigan State University are studying the atomic nucleus of exploding stars to gain insights into their evolution and the creation of elements in our universe. They have made breakthroughs in understanding the production of rare isotopes like aluminum-26, which could shed light on the amount of water on Earth.
Theoretical physicists at the University of Basel have calculated the signal of specific gravitational wave sources that emerged fractions of a second after the Big Bang. These oscillons, predicted by Einstein, can be used to study the universe's early stages and provide information on major astrophysical events.
A new KIT Motion-Language Dataset has been created to support the development of robot activities based on natural language input. The dataset, which includes over 4,000 motions and 6,200 annotations in natural language, aims to unify and standardize research linking human motion and natural language.
Scientists have discovered a primordial soup in the Earth's mantle older than the moon, containing helium-3, a vestige of the Big Bang. Only the hottest and most buoyant mantle plumes draw from this reservoir, suggesting it may be preserved due to its density.
New measurements of neutrino oscillations have shed light on outstanding questions regarding fundamental properties of neutrinos. These findings may provide clues to the nature of dark matter and how the universe arose from the Big Bang.
Xia emphasizes that big data is about more than just numbers and requires new mathematical methods to analyze. Researchers in mathematics, signal processing, and computer science must develop these new tools to unlock the full potential of big data.
A team of astronomers led by Penn State's Niel Brandt has captured the deepest X-ray image ever obtained, revealing a treasure trove of supermassive black holes. The image, taken with Chandra observing time of about 11 weeks, shows that these massive objects grow in bursts rather than slowly accumulating matter.
Scientists measured the proportion of unstable particles in dark matter after the Big Bang, finding it was no more than 2-5%. This discrepancy can be explained by decaying dark matter hypothesis, suggesting dark matter decayed over time.
Swansea University researchers have conducted the first precision study of antihydrogen, a key step towards understanding why matter and antimatter exist. By measuring the spectrum of light emitted from excited antihydrogen atoms, they hope to shed light on the Big Bang's central question: what led to the creation of our universe.
A new magnetic mirror-based device has been developed to map radiation from shortly after the Big Bang, shedding light on gravitational waves and the early universe. The device can modulate polarization across a wide range of microwave frequencies, overcoming a major challenge in detecting B-mode polarization.
Scientists have gained fresh insight into dark matter, a key component of the universe. Using powerful telescopes to analyze distant galaxies, they found that dark matter is less dense and more evenly spread throughout space.
The NIH-led initiative reviews the use of big data in infectious disease surveillance, combining traditional and non-traditional data sources to provide more accurate and timely information. This approach aims to forecast outbreak sizes and trajectories, enabling better responses to emerging threats.
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) emit non-radio emission, challenging models and suggesting severe consequences for host galaxies. The discovery of FRB 131104's gamma-ray counterpart opens possibilities for detecting long-lived counterparts using X-ray, optical, and radio telescopes.
Researchers developed a way to integrate multiple big data sets from biology to understand cellular processes, discovering new regularities and biological consistencies. The study found pause sites dictate protein structure and folding, providing insights into cancer biology.
University of Georgia professor Ping Ma is developing statistical tools to analyze big data in disease research, with a focus on small RNAs and their role in alternative splicing. His work aims to provide efficient and robust computational strategies for analyzing large datasets without requiring expensive supercomputers.
Interdisciplinary research highlights changing scientific landscape, where large data sets and computational methods encourage an iterative approach. The authors note that despite new technology, the reinvigorated approaches are rooted in centuries-old debates over iterative and hypothesis-driven science.
Researchers discovered that pancreatic cancer develops rapidly through a 'big bang' process, where key alterations occur simultaneously. This finding provides new insights into the disease's aggressiveness and may lead to improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Researchers at UCR are using big data to track mosquitoes, predict outbreaks, and understand insects. The new program will train scientists and engineers to exploit the power of big data to improve human health and alleviate food waste.
A novel tensor mining tool enables automated modeling in big data applications, facilitating the analysis of complex multiaspect data. This innovation addresses the challenge of extracting knowledge from massive amounts of data represented as tensors.
A team of researchers from the University of Oxford suggests that life on Earth is more likely to exist in the future than it is now. This is because the necessary elements for life, such as carbon and oxygen, took tens of millions of years to develop following the Big Bang.
Associate Professor Dr Joan Vaccaro's research resolves an anomaly in conventional physics by introducing 'T violation', forcing the universe and us into the future. This breakthrough reveals how time evolution and conservation laws emerged, allowing for aging and a flow of time.