The Illinois-led project aims to provide a transformative leap in revealing the sun's corona, an aura of plasma surrounding stars. The distributed telescope will utilize novel technologies like precision formation flying and diffractive optics for breakthroughs in space imaging.
Novel optical elements enable multiplication and division of orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light, offering a promising solution to increase information capacity of optical networks. The research results have been published in Light: Science and Applications.
Researchers have successfully converted large-area bilayer graphene into the thinnest possible diamond-like material, F-diamane, under moderate pressure and temperature conditions. This flexible and strong material has potential for industrial applications in nano-optics and nanoelectronics.
Scientists at Linköping University develop optical nanoantennas made from a conducting polymer, allowing for controllable nano-optical components. The antennas react to light and can be switched on and off, making them suitable for applications such as smart windows.
A study published in SPIE Journal of Biomedical Optics found that diffuse reflectance spectroscopy can reliably discriminate between healthy tissue and tumor tissue, regardless of neoadjuvant chemotherapy status. The technique's feasibility for tumor-margin assessment during breast-conserving surgery has been demonstrated.
The development of optical vortices has been divided into three stages: fundamental theories, application development, and technology breakthrough. The recent stage has seen significant advancements in metasurface and OAM-multiplexing, enabling high-capacity optical communication and novel nonlinear phenomena.
The Online Photonics Meetup (POM) is a free, online conference that aims to improve access and sustainability in the field of photonics. Key findings include over 20 POM-hubs formed across four continents, which will facilitate local networking and community building among researchers and students.
Researchers at the University of Wyoming have developed an automated system to align single-wall carbon nanotubes, producing higher alignment and precise control over filtration flow rate. This breakthrough enables various tech applications, including electronics and optics.
Skoltech scientists have developed a method to control the nonlinear optical response of carbon nanotubes using electrochemical gating. This approach enables designing devices that can control the duration of laser pulses, opening up new possibilities for universal laser systems with controllable pulse duration.
Researchers at the University of Washington have designed a 3D-printed metamaterial that can manipulate light with nanoscale precision, focusing it to discrete points in a 3D helical pattern. The device has high spatial resolution and could enable miniaturization of optical elements and creation of ultra-compact depth sensors.
Researchers at LMU Munich and the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics successfully simulated a specific lattice gauge theory using two-component ultracold bosons in optical superlattices. The study provided a controlled view of fundamental physical phenomena, including the interactions between particles mediated by gauge fields.
The Department of Energy has awarded Oak Ridge National Laboratory over $11 million to advance quantum technologies, including computing and fiber optics. Researchers will work on projects aimed at accelerating progress in quantum computing and developing wide-area quantum networks.
Scientists have developed a new imaging method called tomoscopy using synchrotron radiation to observe the foaming of liquid metals in great detail. This technique allows for the analysis of dynamic processes with high temporal resolution, providing insights into material distribution and pore formation.
Researchers have developed an all-optical diffractive neural network that achieves unprecedented levels of inference accuracy, closing the performance gap with electronic neural networks. The design incorporates a differential detection scheme, which enables specialized sub-networks to recognize specific object classes.
The University of Hawaii at Manoa Institute for Astronomy has received a $1.1 million grant to install an adaptive secondary mirror on the UH 2.2-meter telescope on Maunakea, enabling corrected images free from atmospheric blurring effects.
Researchers at Stanford University have designed a crystal structure that can trap and convert both infrared and green laser light, significantly improving the efficiency of this process. The device, which is microscopic in size, has the potential to greatly benefit technologies in telecommunications, computing, and laser-based equipment.
The new optics made of silicon material meet stringent imaging requirements, offering a two orders-of-magnitude leap in sensitivity over previous telescopes. The technology will be tested on a sounding rocket mission in 2021 and could benefit future missions if Lynx is not chosen.
Researchers at University of Wisconsin-Madison have developed a method to create pieces of 'smart' glass that can recognize images using optics and artificial intelligence. The glass uses tiny bubbles and impurities to bend light in specific ways, enabling real-time image recognition without power or sensors.
Researchers at Graz University of Technology have manipulated ferromagnetic material properties on an electrical field oscillation scale, preserving quantum mechanical wave nature. This breakthrough accelerates technological miniaturization and opens new perspectives for applications in magnetism and electron spin.
Researchers have invented a new type of microscopy called 'DNA microscopy' that can image cells at the genomic level. This technique uses DNA bar codes to pinpoint molecules' relative positions within a sample, allowing scientists to build a picture of cells and amass enormous amounts of genomic information.
Researchers from the University of Granada tested VINO's O2Amp Oxy-Iso glasses on 52 colour-blind individuals and found they do not improve colour vision but rather provide limited benefits for specific tasks like distinguishing certain colours or improving contrast in specific applications.
Researchers have demonstrated a new imaging modality that accurately evaluates plaque-based cholesterol, allowing for more timely treatment of atherosclerosis. The technology combines laser photoacoustics and frequency-domain signal processing to detect cholesterol in arterial plaque.
University of Rochester researchers create a transistor-scale device platform that combines 2D materials with oxide materials, enabling phase changes in response to applied strain. This technology has the potential to transform electronics, optics, computing, and other technologies by controlling previously uncontrollable properties.
Researchers have discovered a fundamental limit on the transition probabilities of linear optical systems, constraining their ability to transfer bosons. This discovery leads to a negative answer to Professor Scott Aaronson's open problem on quantum supremacy in decision problems.
Araceli Venegas-Gomez, a Ph.D. student at University of Strathclyde, has received the Milton and Rosalind Chang Pivoting Fellowship to become a global ambassador for quantum technologies. She aims to bridge gaps between academia and industry, promoting public understanding and support for optics and photonics.
The US Army has awarded up to $50 million over five years to eight academic teams pursuing basic research across various scientific disciplines. The teams will study topics including heat energy transfer, plant and pollen distribution, and the restorative effects of sleep.
Physicists at the University of Bath have developed a flexible way to synthesize novel nanomaterials, including Tungsten Disulphide -TMDs. The process allows for tunable materials with potential applications in optics and sensors.
A machine learning model can reproduce the swarming behavior of locusts by integrating methods from philosophical action theory and quantum optics. The 'Projective Simulation' learning model was successfully applied to a locust's specific swarming behavior, demonstrating its potential for realistic application to biological systems.
Researchers at Osaka University have developed a glue-free bimorph deformable mirror that can be used in vacuum chambers. The new technology uses inorganic silver nanoparticles to bond PZT actuators to a mirror substrate, allowing for precise shape modification and high-precision optics.
Theoretical approach uses layers formed by liquids to arrange nanoparticles into unique structures for optics, plasmonics and electronics applications. By controlling nanoparticle properties, researchers can create exotic arrangements, such as strings or sheets, with potential benefits in multi-stage chemical catalysis.
A research group led by Professor PAN Jianwei and LU Chaoyang successfully designed the largest planar code platform at present using photons, demonstrating path-independent property in optical systems. This work provides a platform for simulating braiding operations with linear optics, enabling further exploration of anyonic statistics.
Astronomers have uncovered one of the oldest star clusters in the Milky Way Galaxy using high-resolution adaptive optics imaging from the Gemini Observatory. The study reveals that the cluster is approximately 12.8 billion years old and provides new insights into galaxy formation.
Researchers at the National Eye Institute have developed a new imaging method that uses fluorescent dye to track changes in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) layer. The technique reveals unique patterns in individual cells, providing insights into disease progression and treatment options.
A team of University of Central Florida researchers has developed the first supersymmetric laser array, which overcomes a long-standing problem in laser science. The findings have promising applications in various fields, including medicine, military, industry and communications.
A new microscope developed by Purdue University researchers uses phase-contrast microscopy to gather detailed information about molecules and membranes, enabling better testing of drugs and understanding of biological processes.
Researchers at EPFL have developed a method to create dielectric glass metasurfaces in just a few minutes, using dewetting to produce flexible and ultra-thin photonic circuits. This breakthrough enables the creation of highly sensitive sensors and flexible optics for various applications.
The new SimVis visual simulator, developed by CSIC researchers, enables patients to experiment how their vision will improve before surgery. The technology offers a realistic experience and can be wirelessly controlled via mobile application or tablet.
Researchers at LMU Munich develop a novel enhancement resonator to generate ultrafast laser pulses, enabling the characterization of multidimensional electron motions in weeks instead of months. The technique opens new opportunities for investigating local electric fields in nanostructures.
Researchers have developed a new 3D printing method that allows for the rapid rendering of complex objects by rotating photosensitive material in an evolving light field. This approach enables printing times of under two minutes and has potential applications in fields such as patient-specific medical devices, optics, and aerospace.
A new optical microscope system called SIFOM stimulates multiple cells simultaneously using holographic method and monitors cell activity using 3D measurements. The system has potential applications in reconstructing lost nerve pathways, constructing artificial neural networks, and developing food resources.
The inaugural issue of Advanced Photonics showcases significant research across optics and photonics technologies, including light-sheet microscopy and deep learning for digital holography. The journal aims to provide a trusted source of groundbreaking research in optics and optical technologies.
Researchers at LMU Munich have successfully generated dissipative solitons in passive free-space resonators, a breakthrough that enables the compression of laser pulses while increasing their peak power. This technique opens up new avenues for exploring ultrafast dynamics and precision spectroscopy.
Researchers at the University of Bristol have discovered fundamental limits on the postselection technique used to test quantum mechanics. They found that as complex quantum systems are built, fewer and fewer entangled states can be reached using postselection alone.
Scientists at the W.M. Keck Observatory have made robust data on a young giant gas planet, confirming its water composition and lack of methane. The team is perfecting their technique using advanced instrumentation to study giant planets and prepare for future searches for life on Earth-like exoplanets.
Researchers at the National Eye Institute combine adaptive optics and angiography to visualize live neurons, epithelial cells, and blood vessels in the retina. This technology could lead to earlier detection of diseases like age-related macular degeneration.
Physicists at Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University developed a mini transfocator, a variable focus lens for compact and mobile optical systems. The new design offers submicron resolution and is ideal for studying biological samples under extreme conditions.
Researchers debunked the effectiveness of EnChroma glasses for color blind individuals, showing they do not improve color vision or correct color blindness. The study used 48 volunteers and multiple testing methods, concluding that the glasses' effect is similar to those used for specific activities, such as hunting.
Researchers at RMIT University have developed a new nanophotonic device that can encode and process data using twisted light beams, increasing bandwidth by up to 100 times. This technology has the potential to revolutionize optical communications and quantum computing research.
Michael Krainak, leader of NASA's Laser and Electro-Optics Branch, is recognized for his innovative approach to applying emerging technologies to agency-priority spaceflight needs. His work on optical communications, photonic integrated chips, and laser-based technologies has significant potential for breakthrough capabilities.
Physicists at University of Innsbruck and TU Wien demonstrate that elliptical polarization causes a spiral shape in light wavefronts, leading to a distorted image of actual structures. This systematic error can affect biomedical research, super-resolution microscopy, and even astronomical object position estimation.
The W. M. Keck Observatory has received a NSF grant to develop the Keck All-Sky Precision Adaptive Optics (KAPA) system, which will deliver sharper images of the universe over nearly 100% of the night sky. KAPA aims to investigate modern astronomy's greatest mysteries, including dark matter and cosmology.
Researchers propose using transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) to build faster computers that can process information in femtoseconds, a million times faster than current electronics. TMDCs have the potential to increase computer memory speed by a millionfold due to their unique hexagonal lattice structure and optical properties.
The Gemini Observatory will receive a $4 million NSF award to enhance its capabilities in multi-messenger astronomy, including the development of an advanced multi-conjugate adaptive optics system. This will enable the detection of transient phenomena and improve our understanding of the universe.
Dr. Ben Conley has invented a metamaterial to bring full-spectrum infrared to warfighters, expanding sensed spectrum and improving visibility in caves and tunnels. The technology will not add weight or require additional battery power.
Dr. Annick Bricaud received the 2018 Jerlov Award for her pioneering work in ocean optics, covering experimental and theoretical studies on seawater optical properties. Her research has been widely cited with over 11,400 citations, and she is a pioneer among female researchers in optical oceanography.
Researchers have developed a digitally designed holographic optical element that can replicate the functions of bulky optics, enabling more people-friendly AR/VR devices. The approach overcomes a significant bottleneck in commercial success by incorporating collimating functions on the lens array itself.
Researchers from Politecnico di Torino and NUST MISIS create a new metamaterial that cloaks nano-sensors, improving their accuracy in optics and biomedicine. The development is part of the Italian-Russian project ANASTASIA, funded by Compagnia di San Paolo.
A new compact hyperspectral system captures 5-D images with high speed and accuracy, benefiting applications such as optical-based sorting and personal medical monitoring. The system uses structured light to create detailed digital archives of historically valuable artifacts.
Researchers developed a handheld ophthalmology instrument with adaptive optics technology to image individual photoreceptors in the eye, improving diagnosis of eye diseases. The device can capture images of tiny photoreceptors close to the center of the retina, providing insights into brain-related diseases and trauma.
Duke University researchers have developed a handheld probe that can image individual photoreceptors in the eyes of infants, allowing for early detection of eye diseases and brain-related traumas. The new technology uses adaptive optics and is much smaller and faster than previous systems, making it ideal for imaging young children.